The DOI matches its Crossref record; 107 of the 107 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Genome-wide analysis of 102,084 migraine cases identifies 123 risk loci and subtype-specific risk alleles
Open accessAbstract
Migraine affects over a billion individuals worldwide but its genetic underpinning remains largely unknown. Here, we performed a genome-wide association study of 102,084 migraine cases and 771,257 controls and identified 123 loci, of which 86 are previously unknown. These loci provide an opportunity to evaluate shared and distinct genetic components in the two main migraine subtypes: migraine with aura and migraine without aura. Stratification of the risk loci using 29,679 cases with subtype information indicated three risk variants that seem specific for migraine with aura (in HMOX2 , CACNA1A and MPPED2 ), two that seem specific for migraine without aura (near SPINK2 and near FECH ) and nine that increase susceptibility for migraine regardless of subtype. The new risk loci include genes encoding recent migraine-specific drug targets, namely calcitonin gene-related peptide ( CALCA/CALCB ) and serotonin 1F receptor ( HTR1F ). Overall, genomic annotations among migraine-associated variants were enriched in both vascular and central nervous system tissue/cell types, supporting unequivocally that neurovascular mechanisms underlie migraine pathophysiology.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Subramanian, A., Tamayo, P., Mootha, V. K., Mukherjee, S., Ebert, B. L., Gillette, M. A., Paulovich, A., Pomeroy, S. L., Golub, T. R., Lander, E. S., et al. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0506580102 · Cited by 53,625
Vos, T., Lim, S. S., Abbafati, C., Abbas, K. M., Abbasi, M., Abbasifard, M., Abbasi-Kangevari, M., Abbastabar, H., Abd-Allah, F., Abdelalim, A., et al. (2020) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30925-9 · Cited by 19,358
Second-generation PLINK: rising to the challenge of larger and richer datasets
Chang, C. C., Chow, C. C., Tellier, L. C., Vattikuti, S., Purcell, S. M., & Lee, J. J. (2015) · Gigascience · doi:10.1186/s13742-015-0047-8 · Cited by 12,709
The Ensembl Variant Effect Predictor
McLaren, W., Gil, L., Hunt, S. E., Riat, H. S., Ritchie, G. R. S., Thormann, A., Flicek, P., & Cunningham, F. (2016) · Genome Biology · doi:10.1186/s13059-016-0974-4 · Cited by 8,099
Molecular signatures database (MSigDB) 3.0
Liberzon, A., Subramanian, A., Pinchback, R., Thorvaldsdóttir, H., Tamayo, P., & Mesirov, J. P. (2011) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btr260 · Cited by 7,111
LD Score regression distinguishes confounding from polygenicity in genome-wide association studies
Schizophrenia Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, Bulik-Sullivan, B. K., Loh, P.-R., Finucane, H. K., Ripke, S., Yang, J., Patterson, N., Daly, M. J., Price, A. L., & Neale, B. M. (2015) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng.3211 · Cited by 5,559
The GTEx Consortium atlas of genetic regulatory effects across human tissues
The GTEx Consortium, Aguet, F., Anand, S., Ardlie, K. G., Gabriel, S., Getz, G. A., Graubert, A., Hadley, K., Handsaker, R. E., Huang, K. H., et al. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aaz1776 · Cited by 5,547
Giambartolomei, C., Vukcevic, D., Schadt, E. E., Franke, L., Hingorani, A. D., Wallace, C., & Plagnol, V. (2014) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004383 · Cited by 4,261
An atlas of genetic correlations across human diseases and traits
ReproGen Consortium, Bulik-Sullivan, B., Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, Genetic Consortium for Anorexia Nervosa of the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium 3, Finucane, H. K., Anttila, V., Gusev, A., Day, F. R., Loh, P.-R., Duncan, L., et al. (2015) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng.3406 · Cited by 4,255
Cited by
CGRP physiology, pharmacology, and therapeutic targets: migraine and beyond
Russo, A. F., & Hay, D. L. (2023) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00059.2021 · Cited by 382
Shade, L. M. P., Katsumata, Y., Abner, E. L., Aung, K. Z., Claas, S. A., Qiao, Q., Heberle, B. A., Brandon, J. A., Page, M. L., Hohman, T. J., et al. (2024) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41588-024-01939-9 · Cited by 72
EADB, Bellenguez, C., Castillo Morales, A., Amin, N., van der Lee, S. J., Muntaner, M., Parveen, K., Küçükali, F., Grenier-Boley, B., Heikkinen, S., et al. (2026) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41588-026-02583-1 · Cited by 7
“29”
Self-citationThe hidden genetic and microbial networks connecting neuropsychiatric and digestive disorders
Xiong, J., Xu, T., Wang, Z., Huang, Y., Zhang, S., Yang, G., Yang, J., Gao, S., Wang, T., Jian, X., et al. (2025) · Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal · doi:10.1016/j.csbj.2025.07.029 · Cited by 4
Metadata
- Authors
- Hautakangas, H., Winsvold, B. S., Ruotsalainen, S. E., Bjornsdottir, G., Harder, A. V. E., Kogelman, L. J. A., Thomas, L. F., Noordam, R., Benner, C., Gormley, P., Artto, V., Banasik, K., Bjornsdottir, A., Boomsma, D. I., Brumpton, B. M., Burgdorf, K. S., Buring, J. E., Chalmer, M. A., de Boer, I., Dichgans, M., Erikstrup, C., Färkkilä, M., Garbrielsen, M. E., Ghanbari, M., Hagen, K., Häppölä, P., Hottenga, J.-J., Hrafnsdottir, M. G., Hveem, K., Johnsen, M. B., Kähönen, M., Kristoffersen, E. S., Kurth, T., Lehtimäki, T., Lighart, L., Magnusson, S. H., Malik, R., Pedersen, O. B., Pelzer, N., Penninx, B. W. J. H., Ran, C., Ridker, P. M., Rosendaal, F. R., Sigurdardottir, G. R., Skogholt, A. H., Sveinsson, O. A., Thorgeirsson, T. E., Ullum, H., Vijfhuizen, L. S., Widén, E., van Dijk, K. W., International Headache Genetics Consortium, de Boer, I., van den Maagdenberg, A. M. J. M., Headache, H. A.-I., Cohort, D. B. D. S. G., Aromaa, A., Belin, A. C., Freilinger, T., Ikram, M. A., Järvelin, M.-R., Raitakari, O. T., Terwindt, G. M., Kallela, M., Wessman, M., Olesen, J., Chasman, D. I., Nyholt, D. R., Stefánsson, H., Stefansson, K., van den Maagdenberg, A. M. J. M., Hansen, T. F., Ripatti, S., Zwart, J.-A., Palotie, A., & Pirinen, M.
- Venue
- Nature Genetics
- Published
- 2022-02
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 152-160
- ISSN
- 1061-4036 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-1718
- OpenAlex
- W4225281509
- Cited by
- 398
- References
- 107
- FWCI
- 48.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Genome-wide analysis of 102,084 migraine cases identifies 123 risk loci and subtype-specific risk alleles. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/s41588-021-00990-0
- The paper
- Hautakangas, H., Winsvold, B. S., Ruotsalainen, S. E., Bjornsdottir, G., Harder, A. V. E., Kogelman, L. J. A., Thomas, L. F., Noordam, R., Benner, C., Gormley, P., Artto, V., Banasik, K., Bjornsdottir, A., Boomsma, D. I., Brumpton, B. M., Burgdorf, K. S., Buring, J. E., Chalmer, M. A., de Boer, I., . . . Pirinen, M. (2022). Genome-wide analysis of 102,084 migraine cases identifies 123 risk loci and subtype-specific risk alleles. Nature Genetics. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-021-00990-0
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
