Technical development and application of supercritical CO2 foaming technology in PCL foam production
Open accessAbstract
Polycaprolactone (PCL) has the advantages of good biocompatibility, appropriate biodegradability, non-toxicity, flexibility, and processability. As a result, PCL-based foams can successfully work in bone tissue engineering, medical patches, drug delivery, reinforcing materials, and other applications. A promising technology for producing PCL foam products is supercritical CO 2 (ScCO 2 ) foaming technology, which avoids using organic solvents, is green, and has low foaming agent costs. However, due to the limitations of ScCO 2 foaming technology, it is no longer possible to use this technology alone to meet current production requirements. Therefore, ScCO 2 foaming technology must combine with other technologies to develop PCL foam products with better performance and matching requirements. This paper systematically reviews the technological development of ScCO 2 foaming in producing PCL foams. The molding process of ScCO 2 foaming and the conventional preparation process of PCL foam products are discussed comprehensively, including the preparation process, advantages, and disadvantages, challenges faced, etc. Six combined technologies for ScCO 2 foaming in the production of PCL foams and the applications of PCL foams are presented. Finally, the future remaining research for producing PCL foams by ScCO 2 foaming is analyzed.
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PLCL scaffolds with tailored pore sizes, porosity, and pore size distribution can be fabricated by adjusting pressure, temperature, depressurization rate, and saturation time in scCO2 foaming.
“PLCL scaffolds with tailored pore sizes, porosity, and pore size distribution can be fabricated by adjusting pressure, temperature, depressurization rate, and saturation time [115].”
From Application of PLCL as a biodegradable polymer in biomedical engineering (2026) · cites this paper as [115]
The section on ScCO₂ foaming combined with particle leaching (page unavailable) reports that pressure and saturation time affect pore distribution and gives an optimal temperature for the PCL foams discussed. The section on impregnation reports that depressurization rate affects pore size. However, the paper discusses PCL rather than PLCL scaffolds, and its ‘Exploration of hole formation mechanisms’ section says accurate control of pore size and distribution by ScCO₂ foaming remains difficult; it does not establish the claimed tailoring of all three pore properties through those adjustments alone. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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References 103 · Cited by 28
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Turng, L.-S. Fabrication of polylactic cid/polyethylene glycol (PLA/PEG) porous scaffold by supercritical CO 2 foaming and particle leaching. Polym. Eng. Sci. 161(2), 5 (2015).
- Authors
- Zhou, Y., Tian, Y., & Zhang, M.
- Affiliations
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology (CN)
- Wuhan University of Technology (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Zhang, Mengdong
- ORCID
- Zhou, Yujin
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2024-03-21
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 6825-6825
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4393056245
- Cited by
- 28
- References
- 103
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 3
- FWCI
- 2.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program (22Z072)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Polymer Foaming and Composites
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamics
- Keywords
- supercritical CO2 foaming, supercritical foaming, biodegradable foams, bone tissue engineering, drug delivery
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