Building scientific capacity in developing countries: Simply transferring knowledge and instrumentation is not enough to help developing countries build their own research base. Such efforts must be tied to national and local needs to create trust and services for society in the long term

Clinical, epidemiologic, and virologic features of dengue in the 1998 epidemic in Nicaragua.

Harris, E., Videa, E., Pérez, L., Sandoval, E., Téllez, Y., Pérez, M. L., Cuadra, R., Rocha, J., Idiaquez, W., Alonso, R. E., et al. (2000) · American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2000.63.5 · Cited by 302

Single-Step Multiplex PCR Assay for Characterization of New World Leishmania Complexes

Harris, E., Kropp, G., Belli, A., Rodríguez, B. M., & Agabian, N. M. (1998) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.36.7.1989-1995.1998 · Cited by 166

Diagnosis of Dengue Virus Infection by Detection of Specific Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgA Antibodies in Serum and Saliva

Balmaseda, Á., Guzmán, M. G., HAMMOND, S. N., Robleto, G., Flores, C., Téllez, Y., Videa, E., SABORÍO, S. I., Pérez, L., Sandoval, E., et al. (2003) · Clinical and Vaccine Immunology · doi:10.1128/cdli.10.2.317-322.2003 · Cited by 154

Simplified polymerase chain reaction detection of new world Leishmania in clinical specimens of cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Belli, A., Rodríguez, B. M., Avilés, H., & Harris, E. (1998) · American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1998.58.102 · Cited by 132

Application of molecular typing techniques in the 1998 dengue epidemic in Nicaragua.

Balmaseda, Á., Sandoval, E., Pérez, L., Gutiérrez, C. M., & Harris, E. (1999) · American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1999.61.893 · Cited by 88

Science and Technology Collaboration: Building Capability in Developing Countries

Wagner, C. S., Brahmakulam, I. T., Jackson, B., Wong, A., & Yoda, T. (2001) · Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) · Cited by 82

Widespread atypical cutaneous Leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (L.) Chagasi in Nicaragua.

Belli, A., García, D., Palacios, X., Rodríguez, B. M., Valle, S. I., Videa, E., Tinoco, E., Marín, F. R., & Harris, E. (1999) · American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1999.61.380 · Cited by 76

Fluid Intake and Decreased Risk for Hospitalization for Dengue Fever, Nicaragua

Harris, E., Pérez, L., Phares, C. R., Pérez, M. D. L. Á. M., Idiaquez, W., Rocha, J., Cuadra, R., Hernandez, E., Campos, L., González, A., et al. (2003) · Emerging infectious diseases · doi:10.3201/eid0908.020456 · Cited by 61

Health technology transfer

Harris, E. C. (2000) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.321.7264.817 · Cited by 52

The way we write

Netzel, R., Perez‐Iratxeta, C., Peer Bork, B., & Andrade-Navarro, M. A. (2003) · EMBO Reports · doi:10.1038/sj.embor.embor833 · Cited by 32

The non-traditional challenges of conducting science in developing countries: the case of Ecuador

Ortiz‐Prado, E., Žalakevičiūtė, R., Vásconez-González, J., & Izquierdo‐Condoy, J. S. (2025) · Discover Global Society · doi:10.1007/s44282-025-00291-5 · Cited by 2

Supporting Scientific Inclusion: Novel Approaches for the Representation and Assessment of Scientific Knowledge Objects

Chenú-Abente, R., Laconich, J. J. J., Giunchiglia, F., Casati, F., & Marchese, M. (2010) · Unitn Eprints Research (Università Degli Studi di Trento) · Cited by 2

Strategy for strengthening scientific capacity in developing countries on water and sanitation related issues

Öman, C. B., Klutsé, A., Rabbani, G. H., & Edward, R. (2009) · Desalination · doi:10.1016/j.desal.2008.05.116 · Cited by 2

Economic Convergence in Context of Knowledge Economies in Asia: Instrumental Variable Estimation

Mehmood, B., & Azim, P. (2013) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 2

Key drivers of graduate students’ interest in the subject of immunology in a tertiary institution of Ghana

Kwarteng, A., Dissou-Arthur, Y., Sylverken, A. A., Frimpong, M., Ahuno, S. T., & Owusu‐Dabo, E. (2018) · Cogent Education · doi:10.1080/2331186x.2018.1498162 · Cited by 2

Randomised controlled trials in women’s health in the last two decades: A meta-review

Nielsen, J., Sleaby, R., Kumarakurusingham, E., & Mol, B. W. (2022) · European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2022.09.001 · Cited by 2

Big Science, Innovation, and Societal Contributions

Liyanage, S., Nordberg, M., & Streit-Bianchi, M. (2024) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198881193.001.0001 · Cited by 1

Big Science and Social Responsibility of the Digital World

Wink, R., Meglio, A. D., Streit-Bianchi, M., & Liyanage, S. I. H. (2024) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198881193.003.0012 · Cited by 1

Knowledge sovereignty: A path to independence or isolation?

Gao, J., & Gates, A. J. (2026) · Research Policy · doi:10.1016/j.respol.2026.105557 · Cited by 1

O desenvolvimento de uma pesquisa-intervenção com uma comunidade urbana

Snyder, R. E., de Oliveira, L. R., Ribeiro, C. D. M., Corrêa, M. R., Cardoso, C. A. A., Aguiar-Alves, F., & Latini, R. M. (2016) · Fractal Revista de Psicologia · doi:10.1590/1984-0292/1931pt · Cited by 1

The Production and Use of Knowledge in the National Institutes of Health in Mexico–Designing the Healthcare System

Villazul, J. J., & Torres, A. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-87273-1_9 · Cited by 1

Big Science Medical Applications from Accelerator Physics

Safavi‐Naeini, M., Boyle, T. P., Sheehy, S., & Liyanage, S. I. H. (2024) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198881193.003.0010 · Cited by 1

The Evolution of Astrophysics towards Big Science

Reitze, D. H., Duffy, A. R., Gilbert, J., Casali, M. M., Barberio, E. L., & Liyanage, S. I. H. (2024) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198881193.003.0009 · Cited by 1

Scientific Capacity Building Across Borders in Latin America: A Case Study on Inclusion

Romero, L. M. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9411-8_5 · Cited by 1

Does China Offer a New Paradigm for Doing Science?

Zhang, J. Y. (2015) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/9781137478979_7 · Cited by 1

Clinical Research in International Settings

Olopade, C. O., Tagle, M., & Olopade, O. I. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-849905-4.00008-3 · Cited by 1

Seeding sustainable education in developing countries

Bueso, Y. F., & Tangney, M. (2020) · EMBO Reports · doi:10.15252/embr.202050587 · Cited by 1

Should a Scientific Publication be a Prerequisite to Graduate from Medical School?

Nawaz, I., Thomas, J. A., Gupta, P., Shellah, D., Găman, M., Puyana, J. C., & Bonilla-Escobar, F. J. (2023) · International Journal of Medical Students · doi:10.5195/ijms.2023.2124 · Cited by 1

The psychological well-being among institutionalized orphans and vulnerable children in Maputo

Claret, L. (2008) · KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology) · Cited by 1

A key piece of the jigsaw for improving world health

Swan, A. P. (2009) · Bulletin of the World Health Organization · doi:10.2471/blt.09.069237 · Cited by 1

A Systematic Review of Geophysical Studies at the Bosumtwi Impact Crater in GhanaPreprint

Boateng, C. D., Akurugu, C. A., Wemegah, D. D., & Danuor, S. K. (2023) · doi:10.22541/essoar.167397458.87645086/v1 · Cited by 1

A course with a difference

Pulliainen, A. T., Enninga, J., Fernández‐Arenas, E., & Griffiths, G. (2007) · EMBO Reports · doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7400907

The Benefits of research partnerships to the community at KEMRI/Walter Reed Project

Okoth, G. O., Otieno, L., Owira, V., Ogutu, B. R., & Otieno, W. (2015) · SU+ Digital Repository (Strathmore University)

Application of Practice Guidelines in Underdeveloped Countries: Does "Copy And Paste" Strategy Helps?

Babakri, M. M. (2017) · Urology & Nephrology Open Access Journal · doi:10.15406/unoaj.2017.05.00164

How We Do Harm: Do Copyrighted Scales Benefit Research in the Developing World?

Manzar, M. D., Mohammed, S., Kedir, M. S., Chattu, V. K., Spence, D. W., & Pandi-Perumal, S. R. (2019) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2019.00377

Meeting global challenges with coherent policies producing more researchersPreprint

Sanganyado, E., Siyawamwaya, M., Nkomo, S., Gwenzi, W., Macherera, M., Banda, A., Teta, C., Nunu, W. N., Murungweni, C., Gandiwa, E., et al. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1867158/v1

Psychological Discourse in Building the Environmental Consciousness in Special Context of Carpathian Mountains

Хрущ, О., & Karpiuk, Y. (2023) · doi:10.33002/mount.a/20 · Cited by 1

Mountain Identity and Development Aspirations

Elena, K., & Moraitis, K. (2023) · doi:10.33002/mount.a/19

The scholarly publishing landscape of ethnobotany in the Philippines

Magsayo, C. N., Pulmones, M. J., Canton, N. C., Fiel, C. H., Kwong, K. A., Sanchez, F. A., & Bacharo, K. B. B. (2024) · Ethnobotany Research and Applications · doi:10.32859/era.28.48.1-12

Abbreviations–ACRONYMS

(2024) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198881193.002.0009

The Future of Big Science and Social Impacts

Liyanage, S. I. H., Nordberg, M., & Streit-Bianchi, M. (2024) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198881193.003.0016

Chapter 12

Liyanage, S. I. H., Nordberg, M., & Streit-Bianchi, M. (2024) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198881193.002.0012

Big Science, Leadership and Collaboration

McCarthy, G., Manset, D., Streit-Bianchi, M., Skvarciany, V., & Liyanage, S. I. H. (2024) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198881193.003.0008

Knowledge Diffusion by Design

Thong, C., Kocsis, A., Canals, A., & Liyanage, S. I. H. (2024) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198881193.003.0007

Future of Big Science Projects in Particle Physics

Taylor, G., & Liyanage, S. I. H. (2024) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198881193.003.0014

Copyright Page

(2024) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198881193.002.0003

A Machine with Endless Frontiers

Evans, L., Bordry, F., & Liyanage, S. I. H. (2024) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198881193.003.0004

List of Tables

(2024) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198881193.002.0008

Leapfrogging into the Future

Benedikt, M., Ellis, J. R., Charitos, P., & Liyanage, S. I. H. (2024) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198881193.003.0006

Well-ordered Big Science, Innovation, and Social Entrepreneurship

Shah, F., Bressan, B., Tello, P. G., Streit-Bianchi, M., & Liyanage, S. I. H. (2024) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198881193.003.0013

List of Figures

(2024) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198881193.002.0007

Innovating Accelerator Technologies for Society

Ballarino, A., Boyle, T. P., & Liyanage, S. I. H. (2024) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198881193.003.0005

Big Science as a Complex Human Enterprise

Bressan, B., Kocsis, A., Tello, P. G., & Liyanage, S. I. H. (2024) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198881193.003.0011

Big Science and Society as Seen through Research Lenses

Nordberg, M., Liyanage, S. I. H., & Streit-Bianchi, M. (2024) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198881193.003.0002

Chasing Success

Jenni, P., Virdee, T. S., Pontecorvo, L., & Liyanage, S. I. H. (2024) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198881193.003.0003

Introduction

Liyanage, S. I. H., Nordberg, M., & Streit-Bianchi, M. (2024) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198881193.003.0001

The Social and Educational Responsibility of Big Science

Goldfarb, S., Kourkoumelis, C., Skvarciany, V., Thong, C., & Liyanage, S. I. H. (2024) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198881193.003.0015

Foreword

(2024) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198881193.002.0004

Identifying Barriers and Solutions to Building African Research Capacity in Geoscience and Adjacent Fields

Frank, C., Prokopy, L. S., & Huber, M. S. (2025) · Earth and Space Science · doi:10.1029/2025ea004206

Additional file 2 of Factors affecting the scientific research ability and the corresponding countermeasures in clinical postgraduates

Fu, D.-Q., Huang, Y.-Q., Que, Y.-H., Hong, Y., & Lin, J.-Q. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22767413

Additional file 1 of Factors affecting the scientific research ability and the corresponding countermeasures in clinical postgraduates

Fu, D.-Q., Huang, Y.-Q., Que, Y.-H., Hong, Y., & Lin, J.-Q. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22767410

Inequality of opportunities creates structural marginalization in networks

Cinardi, N., & Karimi, F. (2026) · npj Complexity · doi:10.1038/s44260-026-00077-z

Knowledge and Artifact Representation in the Scientific Lifecycle

Chenú-Abente, R. (2012)

One problem at a time

Moreno-Borchart, A. C. (2004) · EMBO Reports · doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7400071 · Cited by 10

Research capacity building in developing countries : some key issues and strategies

Wilhelmsson, D. (2007)

How can Research Capacity be created and used in Developing Countries

Thulstrup, E. W. (1999) · Cited by 2

Research in the basic sciences from a developing country perspective

Gemeda, D. (2018) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780429463259-4

Harnessing New Scientific Capacity

Abreu, A. R. D. P. (2012) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1224006 · Cited by 2