Cited by 224Microbial Community Ecology and PhysiologyGenomics and Phylogenetic StudiesProtist diversity and phylogeny

Metagenomics uncovers a new group of low GC and ultra-small marine Actinobacteria

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Ghai, Rohit, Mizuno, Carolina Megumi, Picazo, Antonio, Camacho, Antonio, Rodriguez-Valera, Francisco·2013·Scientific Reports

Abstract

We describe a deep-branching lineage of marine Actinobacteria with very low GC content (33%) and the smallest free living cells described yet (cell volume ca. 0.013 μm(3)), even smaller than the cosmopolitan marine photoheterotroph, 'Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique'. These microbes are highly related to 16S rRNA sequences retrieved by PCR from the Pacific and Atlantic oceans 20 years ago. Metagenomic fosmids allowed a virtual genome reconstruction that also indicated very small genomes below 1 Mb. A new kind of rhodopsin was detected indicating a photoheterotrophic lifestyle. They are estimated to be ~4% of the total numbers of cells found at the site studied (the Mediterranean deep chlorophyll maximum) and similar numbers were estimated in all tropical and temperate photic zone metagenomes available. Their geographic distribution mirrors that of picocyanobacteria and there appears to be an association between these microbial groups. A new sub-class, 'Candidatus Actinomarinidae' is proposed to designate these microbes.

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Glöckner F. O. et al. Comparative 16S rRNA analysis of lake bacterioplankton reveals globally distributed phylogenetic clusters including an abundant group of actinobacteria. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66, 5053– 5065 (2000). 11055963 PMC92419
  2. Stamatakis A., Komornik Z. & Berger S. A. in Computer Systems and Applications (AICCSA), 2010 IEEE/ACS International Conference on. 1–8 (IEEE).

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Authors
Ghai, R., Mizuno, C. M., Picazo, A., Camacho, A., & Rodriguez-Valera, F.
Affiliations
  • Universitat de Miguel Hernández d'Elx (ES)
  • Universitat de València (ES)
Venue
Scientific Reports
Published
2013-08-20
Volume
3
Issue
1
Pages
2471-2471
ISSN
2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2079075989
Cited by
224
References
72
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 3
FWCI
12.37
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • European Commission (311975)
  • Generalitat Valenciana
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protist diversity and phylogeny
Keywords
marine actinomycetes, photoheterotrophy, rhodopsin, picocyanobacteria, deep chlorophyll maximum
MeSH terms
Base Composition, Base Sequence, Molecular Sequence Data, Seawater, Genome, Bacterial, Actinobacteria, Metagenome, Metagenomics

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