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Artificial cilia for active micro-fluidic mixing
Abstract
In lab-on-chip devices, on which complete (bio-)chemical analysis laboratories are miniaturized and integrated, it is essential to manipulate fluids in sub-millimetre channels and sub-microlitre chambers. A special challenge in these small micro-fluidic systems is to create good mixing flows, since it is almost impossible to generate turbulence. We propose an active micro-fluidic mixing concept inspired by nature, namely by micro-organisms that swim through a liquid by oscillating microscopic hairs, cilia, that cover their surface. We have fabricated artificial cilia consisting of electro-statically actuated polymer structures, and have integrated these in a micro-fluidic channel. Flow visualization experiments show that the cilia can generate substantial fluid velocities, up to 0.6 mm s(-1). In addition, very efficient mixing is obtained using specially designed geometrical cilia configurations in a micro-channel. Since the artificial cilia can be actively controlled using electrical signals, they have exciting applications in micro-fluidic devices.
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Citations
Cites
The origins and the future of microfluidics
Whitesides, G. M. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05058 · Cited by 9,687
Cited by
Lee, C.-Y., Chang, C.-L., Wang, Y.-N., & Fu, L.-M. (2011) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms12053263 · Cited by 1,111
Biomaterial systems for mechanosensing and actuation
Fratzl, P., & Barth, F. G. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08603 · Cited by 706
Latest Developments in Micro Total Analysis Systems
Arora, A., Simone, G., Salieb-Beugelaar, G. B., Kim, J. T., & Manz, A. (2010) · Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ac100969k · Cited by 421
Self-assembled artificial cilia
Vilfan, M., Potočnik, A., Kavčič, B., Osterman, N., Poberaj, I., Vilfan, A., & Babič, D. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0906819106 · Cited by 262
Metadata
- Authors
- Toonder, J. D., Bos, F., Broer, D., Filippini, L., Gillies, M., de Goede, J., Mol, T., Reijme, M., Talen, W., Wilderbeek, H., Khatavkar, V., & Anderson, P.
- Venue
- Lab on a Chip
- Publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
- Published
- 2008
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 533
- ISSN
- 1473-0189 (ISSN-L)
- 1473-0197
- OpenAlex
- W2138202986
- Cited by
- 296
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 13.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Toonder, J. D., Bos, F., Broer, D., Filippini, L., Gillies, M., de Goede, J., Mol, T., Reijme, M., Talen, W., Wilderbeek, H., Khatavkar, V., & Anderson, P. (2008). Artificial cilia for active micro-fluidic mixing. Lab on a Chip. https://doi.org/10.1039/b717681c
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