A stretchable crumpled graphene photodetector with plasmonically enhanced photoresponsivity
Abstract
Graphene has been widely explored for flexible, high-performance photodetectors due to its exceptional mechanical strength, broadband absorption, and high carrier mobility. However, the low stretchability and limited photoabsorption of graphene have restricted its applications in flexible and highly sensitive photodetection systems. Various hybrid systems based on photonic or plasmonic nanostructures have been introduced to improve the limited photoresponsivity of graphene photodetectors. In most cases, the hybrid systems succeeded in the enhancement of photoresponsivity, but showed limited mechanical stretchability. Here, we demonstrate a stretchable photodetector based on a crumpled graphene-gold nanoparticle (AuNP) hybrid structure with ∼1200% enhanced photoresponsivity, compared to a conventional flat graphene-only photodetector, and exceptional mechanical stretchability up to a 200% tensile strain. We achieve plasmonically enhanced photoresponsivity by integrating AuNPs with graphene. By crumpling the hybrid structure, we realize mechanical stretchability and further enhancement of the optical absorption by densification. We also demonstrate that our highly stretchable photodetector with enhanced photoresponsivity can be integrated on a contact lens and a spring structure. We believe that our stretchable, high performance graphene photodetector can find broad applications for conformable and flexible optical sensors and dynamic mechanical strain sensors.
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For wearable photodetectors, various materials such as crumpled graphene-AuNPs, ZnO nanostructures, rGO/PVDF-TrFE nanocomposites, MoS2/WS2 heterojunction arrays, Zn2SnO4 NWs, and SnO2 NWs were employed for detection of UV, IR, or other light illumination, based on the principle that light illumination can excite more electrons into the conduction band generating photocurrent.
“For wearable photodetectors, various materials such as crumpled graphene-AuNPs, [177] ZnO nanostructures, [82,178,179] rGO/ PVDF-TrFE nanocomposites, [180] MoS 2 /WS 2 heterojunction arrays, [181] Zn 2 SnO 4 NWs, [182] SnO 2 NWs [31,183] were employed for the detection of UV, [31,82,178,179,182,183] infrared (IR), [180] or other light illumination, [177,181] based on the principle that light”
From Nanomaterial-Enabled Wearable Sensors for Healthcare (2018) · cites this paper as [177]
A 12 times enhancement in photoresponsivity was realized compared to a flat graphene based photodetector, owing to the areal densification induced by the crumpled structure and the enhanced optical absorption induced by the plasmonic nanostructure of AuNPs.
“12 times enhancement in the photoresponsivity was realized compared to a flat graphene based photodetector, owing to the areal densification induced by the crumpled structure and the enhanced optical absorption induced by the plasmonic nanostructure of AuNPs.”
From Nanomaterial-Enabled Wearable Sensors for Healthcare (2018) · cites this paper as [177]
Due to the crumpled structure, the photodetector can withstand 200% tensile strain, with 20% decrease in the photocurrent at 200% strain.
“Also due to the crumpled structure, the photodetector can withstand 200% tensile strain, with 20% decrease in the photocurrent at 200% strain.”
From Nanomaterial-Enabled Wearable Sensors for Healthcare (2018) · cites this paper as [177]
The fabricated stretchable photodetector was attached on a contact lens.
“Figure 6h shows the fabricated stretchable photodetector attached on a contact lens.”
From Nanomaterial-Enabled Wearable Sensors for Healthcare (2018) · cites this paper as [177]
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References 49 · Cited by 91
- Authors
- Kim, M., Kang, P., Leem, J., & Nam, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- Corresponding author
- Nam, SungWoo
- Venue
- Nanoscale
- Publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
- Published
- 2017
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 4058-4065
- ISSN
- 2040-3364 (ISSN-L)
- 2040-3372
- OpenAlex
- W2577371430
- Cited by
- 91
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 8
- FWCI
- 5.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nanoscale (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NNX16AR56G)
- Division of Civil, Mechanical and Manufacturing Innovation (1554019)
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AOARD-13-4125, FA9550-16-1-0251)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Graphene research and applications
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research
- Keywords
- graphene, gold nanoparticles, plasmonic enhancement, photoresponsivity, light absorption enhancement, tensile strain, strain sensors
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