Robert Robinson Lecture. Retrosynthetic thinking—essentials and examples
Abstract
E. J. Corey, Chem. Soc. Rev., 1988, 17, 111 DOI: 10.1039/CS9881700111
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Reticular synthesis and the design of new materials
Yaghi, O. M., O’Keeffe, M., Ockwig, N. W., Chae, H. K., Eddaoudi, M., & Kim, J. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature01650 · Cited by 9,144 · see citing works
Supramolecular Synthons in Crystal Engineering—A New Organic Synthesis
Desiraju, G. R. (1995) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English · doi:10.1002/anie.199523111 · Cited by 4,858 · see citing works
The atom, the molecule, and the covalent organic framework
Diercks, C. S., & Yaghi, O. M. (2017) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aal1585 · Cited by 3,489 · see citing works
“Chemists have since exploited these concepts in their efforts to master the craft of synthesizing specificmolecules of varying structure and complexity, which has led to the art and science of total synthesis (2, 3).”
Background1,2-Amino Alcohols and Their Heterocyclic Derivatives as Chiral Auxiliaries in Asymmetric Synthesis
Ager, D. J., Prakash, I., & Schaad, D. R. (1996) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr9500038 · Cited by 1,628 · see citing works
Covalent Organic Frameworks: Chemistry beyond the Structure
Kandambeth, S., Dey, K., & Banerjee, R. (2018) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/jacs.8b10334 · Cited by 1,584 · see citing works
Photochemical Approaches to Complex Chemotypes: Applications in Natural Product Synthesis
Kärkäs, M. D., Porco, J. A. J., & Stephenson, C. R. J. (2016) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00760 · Cited by 1,019 · see citing works
Muratov, E. N., Bajorath, J., Sheridan, R. P., Tetko, I. V., Filimonov, D., Poroikov, V., Oprea, T. I., Baskin, I. I., Varnek, A., Roitberg, A., et al. (2020) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/d0cs00098a · Cited by 913 · see citing works
Building co-crystals with molecular sense and supramolecular sensibility
Aakeröy, C. B., & Salmon, D. J. (2005) · CrystEngComm · doi:10.1039/b505883j · Cited by 770 · see citing works
From nature to industry: Harnessing enzymes for biocatalysis
Buller, R., Lutz, S., Kazlauskas, R. J., Šnajdrová, R., Moore, J. C., & Bornscheuer, U. T. (2023) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.adh8615 · Cited by 731 · see citing works
The Molecular Identification of Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere: State of the Art and Challenges
Nozière, B., Kalberer, M., Claeys, M., Allan, J. D., D’Anna, B., Decesari, S., Finessi, E., Glasius, M., Grgić, I., Hamilton, J. F., et al. (2015) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr5003485 · Cited by 658 · see citing works
Maeda, S., Ohno, K., & Morokuma, K. (2013) · Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics · doi:10.1039/c3cp44063j · Cited by 615 · see citing works
Seebàch, D. (1990) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English · doi:10.1002/anie.199013201 · Cited by 579 · see citing works
Supramolekulare Synthone für das Kristall‐Engineering ‐ eine neue organische Synthese
Desiraju, G. R. (1995) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/ange.19951072105 · Cited by 545 · see citing works
Enzymes as Green Catalysts for Precision Macromolecular Synthesis
Shoda, S., Uyama, H., Kadokawa, J., Kimura, S., & Kobayashi, S. (2016) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00472 · Cited by 543 · see citing works
Supramolecular Inorganic Chemistry: Small Guests in Small and Large Hosts
Müller, A., Reuter, H., & Dillinger, S. (1995) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English · doi:10.1002/anie.199523281 · Cited by 537 · see citing works
Magnetic Nanosensors for the Detection of Oligonucleotide Sequences
Josephson, L., Pérez, J. M. S., & Weissleder, R. (2001) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/1521-3773(20010903)40:17 · Cited by 379 · see citing works
The Logic of Chemical Synthesis: Multistep Synthesis of Complex Carbogenic Molecules (Nobel Lecture)
Corey, E. J. (1991) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English · doi:10.1002/anie.199104553 · Cited by 414 · see citing works
Self-citationAsymmetric syntheses with chiral oxazaborolidines
Wallbaum, S., & Martens, J. (1992) · Tetrahedron Asymmetry · doi:10.1016/s0957-4166(00)86044-9 · Cited by 382 · see citing works
Advances in the chemistry of metal–organic frameworks
Rosi, N. L., Eddaoudi, M., Kim, J., et al. (2002) · CrystEngComm · doi:10.1039/b203193k · Cited by 297 · see citing works
Corey, E. J., & Bakshi, R. K. (1990) · Tetrahedron Letters · doi:10.1016/s0040-4039(00)94581-7 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
Self-citationA review of large language models and autonomous agents in chemistry
Ramos, M. C., Collison, C. J., & White, A. D. (2025) · Chemical Science · doi:10.1039/d4sc03921a · Cited by 274 · see citing works
Benzylamines via Iron-Catalyzed Direct Amination of Benzyl Alcohols
Yan, T., Feringa, B. L., & Barta, K. (2015) · ACS Catalysis · doi:10.1021/acscatal.5b02160 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Supramolecular Synthons and Pattern Recognition
Nangia, A. K., & Desiraju, G. R. (1998) · Topics in current chemistry · doi:10.1007/3-540-69178-2_2 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Chemistry and Biology of Terpene Trilactones fromGinkgo Biloba
Strømgaard, K., & Nakanishi, K. (2004) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.200300601 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
A Retrosynthesis Approach for Biocatalysis in Organic Synthesis
de Souza, R. O. M. A., Miranda, L. S. M., & Bornscheuer, U. T. (2017) · Chemistry - A European Journal · doi:10.1002/chem.201702235 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Seebàch, D. (1990) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/ange.19901021118 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Emerging Strategies for the Total Synthesis of Inorganic Nanostructures
Buck, M. R., & Schaak, R. E. (2013) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201207240 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
The Molecular Industrial Revolution: Automated Synthesis of Small Molecules
Trobe, M., & Burke, M. D. (2018) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201710482 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Enantioselective and practical syntheses of R- and S-fluoxetines
Corey, E. J., & Reichard, G. A. (1989) · Tetrahedron Letters · doi:10.1016/s0040-4039(01)93743-8 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Self-citationBiobased Chemicals from Conception toward Industrial Reality: Lessons Learned and To Be Learned
Dapsens, P. Y., Mondelli, C., & Pérez‐Ramírez, J. (2012) · ACS Catalysis · doi:10.1021/cs300124m · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Soft chemistry of ion-exchangeable layered metal oxides
Uppuluri, R., Gupta, A. S., Rosas, A. S., & Mallouk, T. E. (2018) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/c7cs00290d · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Retrosynthesis of Tunable Fluorescent Carbon Dots for Precise Long‐Term Mitochondrial Tracking
Geng, X., Sun, Y., Li, Z., Yang, R., Zhao, Y., Guo, Y., Xu, J., Li, F., Wang, Y., Lu, S., et al. (2019) · Small · doi:10.1002/smll.201901517 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Blueprinting macromolecular electronics
Palma, C., & Samorı́, P. (2011) · Nature Chemistry · doi:10.1038/nchem.1043 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Hudlický, T. (1996) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr950012g · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Corey, E. J., & Helal, C. J. (1995) · Tetrahedron Letters · doi:10.1016/0040-4039(95)01961-g · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Self-citationCurran, D. P. (1991) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-052349-1.00108-6 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Tu, Z., & Coley, C. W. (2022) · Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling · doi:10.1021/acs.jcim.2c00321 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
“Retrosynthetic analysis (Corey, 1988; Corey & Cheng, 1989) and its reverse problem, reaction outcome prediction (Corey & Wipke, 1969), are two fundamental problems in computer-aided organic synthesis.”
BackgroundA unique Pd-catalysed Heck arylation as a remote trigger for cyclopropane selective ring-opening
Singh, S., Bruffaerts, J., Vasseur, A., et al. (2017) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms14200 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Supramolekulare Anorganische Chemie: von Gästen in kleinen und großen Wirten
Müller, A., Reuter, H., & Dillinger, S. (1995) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/ange.19951072104 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Lahcen, A. A., Surya, S. G., Bedük, T., et al. (2022) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.2c12842 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Pham, H. Q., Mai, T., Pham‐Tran, N., et al. (2014) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry C · doi:10.1021/jp405997r · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Metal-organic frameworks in chromatography
Yusuf, K., Aqel, A., & ALOthman, Z. A. (2014) · Journal of Chromatography A · doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2014.04.095 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Medishetty, R., Koh, L. L., Kole, G. K., et al. (2011) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201104106 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Wang, Y., Pang, C., Wang, Y., et al. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-41698-5 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Synthesis of propellane-containing natural products
Pihko, A. J., & Koskinen, A. M. P. (2005) · Tetrahedron · doi:10.1016/j.tet.2005.06.013 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
An eight-step synthesis of epicolactone reveals its biosynthetic origin
Ellerbrock, P., Armanino, N., Ilg, M. K., et al. (2015) · Nature Chemistry · doi:10.1038/nchem.2336 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Retrosynthetic reaction pathway prediction through neural machine translation of atomic environments
Ucak, U. V., Ashyrmamatov, I., Ko, J., & Lee, J. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-28857-w · Cited by 98 · see citing works
“The idea of reducing the complexity of a desired organic molecule by considering all logical disconnections forms the basis of the retrosynthetic approach 1 – 3 .”
BackgroundX-Ray crystal structure of a chiral oxazaborolidine catalyst for enantioselective carbonyl reduction
Corey, E. J., Azimioara, M. D., & Sarshar, S. (1992) · Tetrahedron Letters · doi:10.1016/s0040-4039(00)92654-6 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Self-citationCorey, E. J., & Helal, C. J. (1996) · Tetrahedron Letters · doi:10.1016/0040-4039(96)01198-7 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Self-citationHutchins, K. M. (2018) · Royal Society Open Science · doi:10.1098/rsos.180564 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Dong, G., Ke-liang, P., Duan, C., et al. (2002) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ic0203623 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Enzymatic strategies for asymmetric synthesis
Hall, M. (2021) · RSC Chemical Biology · doi:10.1039/d1cb00080b · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Corey, E. J., Chen, C.-P., & Reichard, G. A. (1989) · Tetrahedron Letters · doi:10.1016/s0040-4039(01)93796-7 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Self-citationThe locks and keys to industrial biotechnology
Wohlgemuth, R. (2009) · New Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.nbt.2009.01.002 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
ASKCOS: Open-Source, Data-Driven Synthesis Planning
Tu, Z., Choure, S. J., Fong, M. H., Roh, J., Levin, I., Yu, K., Joung, J. F., Morgan, N. N., Li, S., Sun, X., et al. (2025) · Accounts of Chemical Research · doi:10.1021/acs.accounts.5c00155 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Thienannulation: Efficient Synthesis of π‐Extended Thienoacenes Applicable to Organic Semiconductors
Takimiya, K., Nakano, M., Kang, M. J., et al. (2012) · European Journal of Organic Chemistry · doi:10.1002/ejoc.201201139 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Computational Chemical Synthesis Analysis and Pathway Design
Feng, F., Lai, L., & Pei, J. (2018) · Frontiers in Chemistry · doi:10.3389/fchem.2018.00199 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
“…produced urea with potassium cyanate and ammonium sulfate (Leicester and Klickstein, 1951), to mid-twentieth century, when chemists such as Robinson, Woodward, and Corey raised it to a qualitatively higher level of sophisticationwith the idea of retrosynthetic analysis (Corey, 1988).”
BackgroundCorey, E. J. (1991) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/ange.19911030504 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Self-citationThe first enantioselective syntheses of pure R- and S-isoproterenol
Corey, E. J., & Link, J. O. (1990) · Tetrahedron Letters · doi:10.1016/s0040-4039(00)94578-7 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Self-citationKieffer, M., Pilgrim, B. S., Ronson, T. K., et al. (2016) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/jacs.6b02445 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Methodology to establish 1,2- and 1,3-difunctionality for the synthesis of carbohydrate derivates
Ager, D. J., & East, M. B. (1992) · Tetrahedron · doi:10.1016/s0040-4020(01)90970-6 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Phenyl–Acetylene Bond Assembly: A Powerful Tool for the Construction of Nanoscale Architectures
Jenny, N. M., Mayor, M., & Eaton, T. R. (2011) · European Journal of Organic Chemistry · doi:10.1002/ejoc.201100176 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Adalder, T. K., Sankolli, R., & Dastidar, P. (2012) · Crystal Growth & Design · doi:10.1021/cg300140w · Cited by 66 · see citing works
He, T., Huo, H., Bartel, C. J., Wang, Z., Cruse, K., & Ceder, G. (2023) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.adg8180 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Increase in intricacy—a tool for evaluating organic syntheses
Fuchs, P. L. (2001) · Tetrahedron · doi:10.1016/s0040-4020(01)00474-4 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Assessing Synthetic Accessibility of Chemical Compounds Using Machine Learning Methods
Podolyan, Y., Walters, M. A., & Karypis, G. (2010) · Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling · doi:10.1021/ci900301v · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Total synthesis of ginkgolide a
Corey, E. J., & Ghosh, A. K. (1988) · Tetrahedron Letters · doi:10.1016/0040-4039(88)85122-0 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Self-citationNatural Product Synthesis: Changes over Time
Hoffmann, R. W. (2012) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201203319 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Recent advances in deep learning for retrosynthesis
Zhong, Z., Song, J., Feng, Z., Liu, T., Jia, L., Yao, S., Hou, T., & Song, M. (2023) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Computational Molecular Science · doi:10.1002/wcms.1694 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
“4 To design more reliable and efficient synthesis routes, retrosynthesis, 4,5 which starts from the desired product and converts it to simpler precursor structures without defining the starting materials beforehand, has been an important technique for solving the planning of organic synthesis.”
MethodThe pharmacology of extinction
Huxtable, R. J. (1992) · Journal of Ethnopharmacology · doi:10.1016/0378-8741(92)90002-9 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Paclitaxel from Primary Taxanes: A Perspective on Creative Invention in Organozirconium Chemistry
Ganem, B., & Franke, R. R. (2007) · The Journal of Organic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jo070129s · Cited by 61 · see citing works
A new process for the generation of 1,3,2-oxazaborolidines, catalysts for enantioselective synthesis
Corey, E. J., & Link, J. O. (1992) · Tetrahedron Letters · doi:10.1016/s0040-4039(00)74673-9 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Self-citationMaeda, S., Taketsugu, T., Morokuma, K., et al. (2014) · Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan · doi:10.1246/bcsj.20140189 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Recent trends in covalent organic frameworks (COFs) for carbon dioxide reduction
Sarkar, P., Chowdhury, I. H., Das, S., & Islam, S. M. (2022) · Materials Advances · doi:10.1039/d2ma00600f · Cited by 57 · see citing works
GTA: Graph Truncated Attention for Retrosynthesis
Seo, S.-W., Song, Y. Y., Yang, J. Y., Bae, S., Lee, H., Shin, J., Hwang, S. J., & Yang, E. (2021) · Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1609/aaai.v35i1.16131 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
“Retrosyn-thesis , first formulated by (Corey 1988, 1991), is the task of predicting the set of reactant molecules that are synthesized to a given product molecule by finding the inverse reaction pathway.”
BackgroundTools and strategies for constructing cell-free enzyme pathways
Petroll, K., Kopp, D., Care, A., et al. (2018) · Biotechnology Advances · doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.11.007 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Algorithmic Discovery of Tactical Combinations for Advanced Organic Syntheses
Gajewska, E. P., Szymkuć, S., Dittwald, P., et al. (2019) · Chem · doi:10.1016/j.chempr.2019.11.016 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Thirumurugan, A., & Natarajan, S. (2006) · Crystal Growth & Design · doi:10.1021/cg050580h · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Winssinger, N., Harris, J. L., Backes, B. J., & Schultz, P. G. (2001) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/1521-3757(20010903)113:17 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Corey, E. J., & Rao, K. S. (1991) · Tetrahedron Letters · doi:10.1016/s0040-4039(00)92265-2 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Self-citationα‐Hydroxylation of Enolates and Silyl Enol Ethers
Chen, B., Zhou, P., Davis, F. A., et al. (2003) · Organic reactions · doi:10.1002/0471264180.or062.01 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Machine Learning Applications for Chemical Reactions
Park, S., Han, H., Kim, H., & Choi, S. (2022) · Chemistry - An Asian Journal · doi:10.1002/asia.202200203 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Pang, Y., Vummenthala, A., Mishra, R. K., Park, J. G., Wang, S., Davis, J., Millard, C. B., & Schmidt, J. J. (2009) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007730 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Mesoporous Composite Nanomaterials for Dye Removal and Other Applications
Marcos−Hernández, M., & Villagrán, D. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-814132-8.00012-5 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Intramolecular carbometallation of organozinc reagents.
Meyer, C., Marek, I., Courtemanche, G., et al. (1994) · Tetrahedron · doi:10.1016/s0040-4020(01)85661-1 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
The Journey of Schinortriterpenoid Total Syntheses
Yang, Z. J. (2019) · Accounts of Chemical Research · doi:10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00569 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Novel rare case of 2D + 1D = 2D polycatenation Hg( ii ) coordination polymer
Mahmoudi, G., & Morsali, A. (2008) · CrystEngComm · doi:10.1039/b813701n · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Fan, W., Lin, H., Xue, Y., et al. (2016) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00278 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Ott, M. A., & Noordik, J. H. (1992) · Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas · doi:10.1002/recl.19921110601 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Ross, A. G., Li, X., & Danishefsky, S. J. (2012) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja307708q · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Enabling strategies for step efficient syntheses
Schwan, J., & Christmann, M. (2018) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/c8cs00399h · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Substructure-based neural machine translation for retrosynthetic prediction
Ucak, U. V., Kang, T., Ko, J., et al. (2021) · Journal of Cheminformatics · doi:10.1186/s13321-020-00482-z · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Xu, M., Shi, Z., Shi, R., et al. (2000) · Reactive and Functional Polymers · doi:10.1016/s1381-5148(99)00062-0 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Kumar, G., Aggarwal, H., & Gupta, R. (2012) · Crystal Growth & Design · doi:10.1021/cg3011629 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Artificial Intelligence for Retrosynthetic Planning Needs Both Data and Expert Knowledge
Strieth‐Kalthoff, F., Szymkuć, S., Molga, K., Aspuru‐Guzik, A., Glorius, F., & Grzybowski, B. A. (2024) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/jacs.4c00338 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Chiral aggregation and spontaneous resolution of thiosemicarbazone metal complexes
Li, M., Sun, Q.-Z., Bai, Y., Duan, C., Zhang, B., & Meng, Q. (2006) · Dalton Transactions · doi:10.1039/b514425f · Cited by 34 · see citing works
A neural network model informs the total synthesis of clovane sesquiterpenoids
Zhang, P., Eun, J., Elkin, M., Zhao, Y., Cantrell, R. L., & Newhouse, T. R. (2023) · Nature Synthesis · doi:10.1038/s44160-023-00271-0 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
“3b, the synthetic route via radical intermediate 8 to clovan-2,9-dione (1) starts from commercially available”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSimple analogs of ginkgolide b which are highly active antagonists of platelet activating factor
Corey, E. J., & Gavai, A. V. (1989) · Tetrahedron Letters · doi:10.1016/s0040-4039(01)93397-0 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citationRaker, J. R., & Towns, M. H. (2012) · Chemistry Education Research and Practice · doi:10.1039/c1rp90073k · Cited by 31 · see citing works
“Synthetic planning problems include the retrosynthetic analysis of the target molecule (Corey, 1988, 1991; Corey and Cheng, 1995) and subsequent development of a synthetic pathway(s) while anticipating day-to-day problems.”
BackgroundDevelopment of chemical and chemo-enzymatic glycosylations
Shoda, S. (2017) · Proceedings of the Japan Academy Series B · doi:10.2183/pjab.93.008 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
- Authors
- Corey, E. J.
- Corresponding author
- Corey, E. J.
- ORCID
- Corey, E. J.
- Venue
- Chem. Soc. Rev.
- Publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
- Published
- 1988
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 0
- Pages
- 111-133
- ISSN
- 0306-0012 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-4744
- OpenAlex
- W2010754031
- Cited by
- 243
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 9.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Chemical Society Reviews (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Advanced Synthetic Organic Chemistry
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Chemical Synthesis and Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Organic Chemistry Synthesis Methods
- Keywords
- retrosynthesis, organic synthesis planning, synthetic strategies
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review