The effect of pulse duration on nanoparticle generation in pulsed laser ablation in liquids: insights from large-scale atomistic simulations

The mechanisms of NP generation at the initial stage include formation of a thin transient layer between the plasma plume and liquid environment, nucleation, growth, and rapid cooling of NPs above the transient metal layer, decomposition of ablation plume below the transient layer leading to higher productivity, and broad size distribution of NPs using nanosecond PLA.

“The mechanisms are the formation of a thin transient layer between the interface of the plasma plume and liquid environment; nucleation, growth, and rapid cooling of NPs above the transient metal layer; decomposition of ablation plume below the transient layer leading to higher productivity; and broad size distribution of NPs using nanosecond PLA.”

Shih et al. studied the influence of pulse duration on mechanisms responsible for generation of NPs at the initial stage of laser ablation.

“The influence of pulse duration on the mechanisms responsible for the generation of NPs at the initial stage of laser ablation was studied by Shih et al. [110].”

Laser pulse width impacts the mechanism of synthesis of nanomaterials at multiple stages, thereby influencing properties such as morphology, composition, atomic redistribution of metal domains, oxidation and aging effects, shape, and crystalline size domains.

“Laser pulse width impacts the mechanism of synthesis of the nanomaterial at multiple stages, as evidenced by largescale atomistic simulation, 68 thereby influencing the nanomaterials properties such as the morphology, 171 the composition, 38 the atomic redistribution of metal domains, 172 the oxidation and aging effects, 173 the shape, 174 and the crystalline size domains 175 among others.”