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The high persistence of PFAS is sufficient for their management as a chemical class
Open accessAbstract
While per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of synthetic organic substances with diverse structures, properties, uses, bioaccumulation potentials and toxicities, nearly all PFAS are highly persistent.
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“However, most PFAS are either environmentally and microbiologically non-degradable or ultimately transformed into terminal products that are still PFAS [23,127].”
From Investigating the extent of PFAS contamination in the Upper Danube Basin across environmental compartments (2025) · cites this paper as [23]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Cousins, I. T., DeWitt, J. C., Glüge, J., Goldenman, G., Herzke, D., Lohmann, R., Ng, C. A., Scheringer, M., & Wang, Z.
- Affiliations
- Stockholm University (SE)
- East Carolina University (US)
- ETH Zurich (CH)
- Milieu Consulting SPRL
- The FRAM Centre (NO)
- University of Rhode Island (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Corresponding author
- Cousins, Ian T.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts
- Publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
- Published
- 2020
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 2307-2312
- ISSN
- 2050-7887 (ISSN-L)
- 2050-7895
- PMC
- PMC7784706
- OpenAlex
- W3096674677
- Cited by
- 491
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 126 · 2025: 104 · 2024: 109 · 2023: 78 · 2022: 45 · 2021: 28
- FWCI
- 14.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Environmental Science Processes & Impacts (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Journal of Media Literacy Education (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Repository for Publications and Research Data (ETH Zurich) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- ETH Zürich Research Collection
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (1845336)
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (1P43ES031009-01, P42ES027706)
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (83948101)
- Norges Forskningsråd (117031)
- Bundesamt für Umwelt
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Synthesis and properties of polymers
- Keywords
- per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, chemical classification, phase-out, environmental degradation, PFAS contamination, contaminated site remediation, drinking water contamination, bioaccumulation, toxicity
- MeSH terms
- Fluorocarbons, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Drinking Water
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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