The DOI matches its Crossref record; 48 of the 49 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Endothelial dysfunction in hypopituitary adults with growth hormone deficiency
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES: Adult hypopituitarism with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) results in reduced exercise capacity, detrimental changes in body composition and lipid profiles and may be associated with an excess cardiovascular mortality. Endothelial dysfunction is an early event in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and predisposes to the deposition of unstable atherosclerotic plaques. We have used a noninvasive method to assess endothelial function in the brachial arteries of a group of treated hypopituitary adults with GHD, and a group of healthy age- and sex-matched controls. PATIENTS: Seventeen hypopituitary adults with GHD (13 male, 4 female) aged 26-54 years were studied. Each patient was receiving standard replacement therapy for all other hormonal deficiencies such that all target hormones were maintained in the normal reference range. All observations obtained were compared with those made in age- and sex-matched control subjects. All study subjects had no identifiable risk factors for endothelial dysfunction. MEASUREMENTS: Using an ultrasound vessel wall tracking system, the diameter of the left brachial artery was measured at rest, in response to reactive hyperaemia (endothelium-dependent dilation) and following sublingual glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) (endothelium-independent vasodilatation). We also measured fasting lipids, insulin, plasma glucose, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and IGF-1, and studied the relationship of these parameters to endothelial function. RESULTS: Flow mediated endothelium-dependent dilatation (FMD), expressed as a percentage change from resting base-line diameter, was significantly impaired in the GHD group (3.70 +/- 2.36% vs. 7.30 +/- 2.42%, P < 0.001). In contrast, GTN-mediated dilatation was similar in both groups. There were no differences in total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol or plasma triglyceride between the groups. Both fasting insulin (27.1 +/- 18.1 vs. 15.89 +/- 6.65 mU/l, P < 0.05) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels (5.29 +/- 0.43 vs. 4.91 +/- 0.43%, P < 0.05) were significantly higher in the GHD group. FMD in both groups showed an inverse relationship with total cholesterol (r = -0.58, P < 0.05, GHD and r = -0.55, P < 0.05 controls). However, in the GHD subjects, there was a strong inverse relationship between FMD and LDL-cholesterol (r = -0.81, P < 0.0001). No other relationships were noted between FMD and any other metabolic parameters, or characteristics of GHD. CONCLUSIONS: Endothelial dysfunction is present in GH deficient adults prior to the onset of overt atherosclerotic disease. The similar glucose yet elevated fasting insulin levels imply a state of relative insulin insensitivity. The strong inverse correlation between endothelial dysfunction and LDL-cholesterol suggests a possible aetiological role for LDL-cholesterol in the pathogenesis of any excess cardiovascular risk associated with adult hypopituitarism.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Altered body composition, insulin resistance, hypertension, unfavorable lipid profile, endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis have been found in several studies on patients with long-term GHD (74,76,77,(82)(83)(84)(85)(86)(87).”
From Pituitary Dysfunction After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Clinical and Pathophysiological Approach (2015) · cites this paper as [82]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Friedewald, W. T., Levy, R. I., & Fredrickson, D. S. (1972) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1093/clinchem/18.6.499 · Cited by 32,423
The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis: a perspective for the 1990s
Ross, R. (1993) · Nature · doi:10.1038/362801a0 · Cited by 10,618
Enzymatic determination of total serum cholesterol.
Allain, C. C., Poon, L. S., Chan, C. S. G., Richmond, W., & Fu, P. C. (1974) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1093/clinchem/20.4.470 · Cited by 9,845
Epstein, F. H., Steinberg, D. I., Parthasarathy, S., Carew, T. E., Khoo, J. C., & Witztum, J. L. (1989) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198904063201407 · Cited by 6,425
The Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis — An Update
Ross, R. (1986) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198602203140806 · Cited by 4,885
Non-invasive detection of endothelial dysfunction in children and adults at risk of atherosclerosis
Celermajer, D. S., Sorensen, K. E., Gooch, V. M., Spiegelhalter, D. J., Miller, O. I., Sullivan, I. D., Lloyd, J. K., & Deanfield, J. E. (1992) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(92)93147-f · Cited by 4,742
Book ReviewAmbulatory Pediatric Care
Steinberg, J. B. (1989) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198901053200122 · Cited by 2,105
Low-Density Lipoprotein Subclass Patterns and Risk of Myocardial Infarction
Austin, M. A. (1988) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.1988.03410130125037 · Cited by 1,780
Atherosclerosis: Basic Mechanisms
Berliner, J. A., Navab, M., Fogelman, A. M., Frank, J. S., Demer, L. L., Edwards, P. A., Watson, A. D., & Lusis, A. J. (1995) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.91.9.2488 · Cited by 1,730
Joannidès, R., Haefeli, W. E., Linder, L., Richard, V. J., Bakkali, E. H., Thuillez, C., & Lüscher, T. F. (1995) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.91.5.1314 · Cited by 1,622
Research works printed but not linked: 7
- 10.1210/jc.81.3.1169 · DOI · Paper page
- Bellamy M., 1996, Hyperhomocysteinaemia and endothelial dysfunction with low Vitamin B12/folate status, Circulation, 94, 1
- Bones C., 1997, Endothelial function in healthy young adults is rapidly improved by physical training, European Heart Journal, 18, 265
- Goodfellow J. Ramsey M. Bellamy M. Gorman S. Brownlee M. Lewis M.(1998)Effect of dietary omega‐3 fatty acids (fish oils) supplements on endothelial dysfunction in hypercholesterolaemic subjects.European Heart Journal in press.
- 10.1210/jc.81.7.2448 · DOI
- 10.1210/en.136.9.3767 · DOI
- Rosen T., 1994, Beneficial effects of 12 months replacement with recombinant human GH to GHD adults, Endocrinology and Metabolism, 1, 55
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Association between premature mortality and hypopituitarism
Tomlinson, J., Holden, N., Hills, R., Wheatley, K., Clayton, R., Bates, A., Sheppard, M., & Stewart, P. (2001) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)04006-x · Cited by 1,006
Colao, A., Marzullo, P., Somma, C. D., & Lombardi, G. (2001) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.2001.01218.x · Cited by 386
Sesmilo, G., Biller, B. M. K., Llevadot, J., Hayden, D., Hanson, G., Rifai, N., & Klibanski, A. (2000) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-133-2-200007180-00010 · Cited by 257
Bots, M. L., Westerink, J., Rabelink, T. J., & de Koning, E. J. P. (2004) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehi017 · Cited by 240
Pituitary Dysfunction After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Clinical and Pathophysiological Approach
Tanriverdi, F., Schneider, H. J., Aimaretti, G., Masel, B. E., Casanueva, F. F., & Kelestimur, F. (2015) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2014-1065 · Cited by 218
Metadata
- Authors
- Evans, M., Davies, Goodfellow, Rees, & Scanlon
- Affiliations
- University Hospital of Wales (GB)
- Corresponding author
- M Evans
- ORCID
- M Evans
- Venue
- Clinical Endocrinology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1999-04
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 457-464
- ISSN
- 0300-0664 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2265
- OpenAlex
- W1940926892
- Cited by
- 129
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 7.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Clinical Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Keywords
- endothelial dysfunction, adult growth hormone deficiency, hypopituitarism, flow-mediated dilation, brachial artery, reactive hyperemia, nitroglycerin, insulin resistance, HbA1c, total cholesterol, insulin-like growth factor I, cardiovascular risk, atherosclerosis, hormone replacement therapy, lipid profile, endothelium-dependent vasodilatation, endothelium-independent vasodilatation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Blood Glucose, Brachial Artery, Cardiovascular Diseases, Endothelium, Vascular, Female, Nitroglycerin, Humans, Hypopituitarism, Insulin, Cholesterol, LDL, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Growth Hormone, Ultrasonography, Vasodilation, Case-Control Studies
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
