Anti-cancer function of phytic acid

“However, the consistent negative correlation between those high-fibre diets rich in IP6, and cancers of the colon, breast and perhaps prostate are interesting (Englyst et al., 1982; Yu et al., 1991; Willett, 1994).”

“Phytic acid: Risk of colon((100)) and breast((101)) cancers; anti-cancer agent((95,99,106,686)); antioxidant activity((148)); chelation with various metals and Fenton reaction((95)); oxidative damage to the intestinal epithelium and neighbouring cells (cited in Slavin((63))); lipid peroxidation (cited in Ferguson & Ha…”

“The outcome of surveillance of populations consuming vegetarian-type diets has shown lower incidence of cancer, which suggests that phytate has an anticarcinogen effect (Shamsuddin, 2002; Vucenik & Shamsuddin, 2003).”

“Given that excellent and extensive reviews on the anticancer activity of phytic acid have been published very recently [384–388], a further review here of this topic is not yet required.”

“It reduces cell proliferation and increases differentiation of malignant cells with possible reversion to the normal phenotype and is involved in host defence mechanism, and tumor abrogation (Shamsuddin, 2002).”

“In vivo and in vitro experiments have demonstrated marked anticancer (preventive as well as therapeutic) effects of inositol hexaphosphate (IP6, phytic acid) ((65)).”

“Likewise, phytate has also been shown to regulate Insulin secretion (Shamsuddin, 2002).”

“These possible chemoprotective compounds include phytic acid [135,136], alkylresorcinols [137], apigenin [133], lignans [138], lipids [139] and hydroxycinnamic acids [140], in particular ferulic acid.”

“The ability of PA to bind iron and prevent possible free radical generation has led to the speculation that PA may have health-promoting properties particularly in the prevention of certain cancers [138,162].”

“Since certain myo-inositol phosphates have been proposed to have novel metabolic effects (57,61,71,86), phytases may also find application in food processing to produce functional foods (41).”

“Similarly, phytate has also been proved to modulate the release of insulin (146).”

“Both in vivo and in vitro experiments provide convincing evidence for the anticarcinogenic effects of phytic acid (Shamsuddin, 2002).”

“Although some recent research has interest in its antioxidant potential, to serve as an anti-tumor reagent for treating colon cancer [16], they only considered these at low intake doses and stressed the growth impairment effect for large consumption.”

“Some recent literatures have, however, suggested that phytic acid may have some health benefits such as anticancer function (Shamsuddin, 2002) and hypolipidemic action (Lee et al.”

“The reduction of PA, by disrupting its biosynthetic chain, might be an alternative solution to alleviate the nutritional issues associated with high PA concentrations, although such low PA amounts might be subject to discussion because PA may have healthpromoting properties, particularly in the prevention of certain c…”

“, 1993), and may be involved in strengthening of the immune system by enhancing immunocyte activity and inhibiting pathological calcification (Shamsuddin, 2002; Vucenik and Shamsuddin, 2003; Shamsuddin and Vucenik, 2005).”

“IP6, a natural carbohydrate that is abundant in the diet, possesses significant cancer preventive and therapeutic activity (10-27).”

“The latest studies have indicated that phytic acid could be effective in preventing colon cancer because of its functions in reducing lipid peroxidation and hydroxyl radical production.([83]) However, some antinutritional factors presenting in legumes are shown to adversely affect protein bioavailability and digestibi…”

“The lower inositol phosphates (IP1)4) and myo-inositol are, on the other hand, recognized as beneficial through different biological roles (Shamsuddin 2002).”

“Keywords: Bifidobacterium; Phytase; Phosphatase; Phytic acid; Antinutrient”

“In vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated that inositol hexaphosphate (InsP6, phytic acid) exhibits significant anticancer (preventive as well as therapeutic) properties [29].”

“[38] Shamsuddin AM.”

“3164/jcb .09-124Original ArticleModulatory Effect of Rice Bran and Phytic Acid on Glucose”

“…FOODS AS A SOURCE OF LIPOTROPES 537 and Wu, 2002), (6) anti-carcinogenicity or the capacity to induce apoptosis (Azzi and Stocker, 2000; Shamsuddin, 2002; Rubis et al., 2008), and/or (7) the anti-aggregability (Shechter et al., 1999) and anti-inflammatory (Liu et al., 2004a; Rahman et…”

“In vitro and in vivo studies of fermented pulses have also shown that inositol hexaphosphate (InsP6, phytic acid) exhibits potent anticancer properties (both therapeutic and preventive), tumor abrogation, host defense mechanism, and reduction of cell proliferation [88].”

“In the plant kingdom PA is the principal storage form of phosphorus, particularly abundant in cereals and legumes (Shamsuddin, 2002).”

“In addition, IP3 and IP4 com‐ pounds have an important role in cellular signal transduction, regulating functions, cell growth and differentiation [43].”

“Important health benefits recently reported to be associated with the intake of phytate include the prevention of pathological calcifications such as renal calculi [13, 14, 22], dental calculi [25] and cardiovascular calcification [21, 23, 24], and as an antioxidant [12, 41] and a preventive of colo-rectal cancer [44].”

“Technical improvements by adding phytases during food processing have been reported for breadmaking, production of plant protein isolates, corn wet milling and the fractionation of cereal bran [5-7].”

“5-14%, w/w) (1), a common plant component that exists in most grains and legumes and has been the subject of many researches because of its antioxidant and anticancer properties (2-4).”

“By the mechanism, dietary phytic acid could lower the incidence of cancer or inhibit oxidation during processing, preservation and storage of foods (Shamsuddin 2002; Akbas et al. (2017) suggested that wheatgrass powder could be used as functional food ingredient due to its high phenolic content and…”

“The lower phosphorylated forms (InsPi1–5) derived from phytic acid are also useful for regulating vital cellular functions.(27,28) Previous studies showed that magnesium phytic acid coating had good bioactivity and biocompatibility; however, it easily lost corrosion protection in the long-term immersion process.”

“But, on the other hand, phytic acid acts as a therapeutic and preventive agent for cancer treatment by reducing the proliferation of malignant cells and increasing the conversion of them into normal ones [26].”

“However, they have also been shown to have anticancer properties (Shamsuddin 2002), delay postprandial glucose absorption, and reduce the bioavailability of toxic heavy metals (Minihane and Rimbach 2002).”

“Here there is an over-emphasis on the role of phytates as inhibitors: their protective role on a large number of diseases is today well known (Jenab & Thompson, 2002; Shamsuddin, 2002) and likely related precisely to their chelating effect on iron.”

“cer agent by suppressing cell proliferation (Midorikawa et al. 2001; Shamsuddin 2002; Somasundar et al. 2005).”

“These smaller molecules of lower inositol phosphates function as intra-cellular messengers in cellular signaling and regulate cell growth and differentiation [20].”

“Both in vivo and in vitro experiments provide convincing evidence for the anti-carcinogenic effects of IP 6 [10].”

“The development of soy-based products, spurred by their nutritional profile, low cost, and good functional properties, has increasingly constituted an important part in the Western diet (ISANGA; ZHANG, 2008; MESSINA; MESSINA, 2000; POTTER et al., 2007; SHAMSUDDIN, 2002; TORRES-PENARANDA; REITMEIER, 2001).”

“…suggests that IP6 has beneficial effects on suppressing the progression of diseases such as inflammatory bowels, diabetes, inflammatory cardiovascular disorders, and malignant tumors (Bizzarri et al., 2020; Grases et al., 2006; Liao et al., 2007; Shamsuddin, 2002; Silva & Bracarense, 2016).”

“Phytic acid, specifically hexaphosphate (inositol), is receiving special attention, because in cell and animal studies, it has been shown to have an anticancer action [55,56] in colon cancer, prostate cancer [57], and leukemia cells, among others [58].”

“plant growth and development and functions as an antioxidant and anticarcinogen in the human body (42).”

“Phytic acid and/or its degradation products may also have an anticarcinogenic potential (Norhaizan et al., 2011; Saad et al., 2013; Shamsuddin, 2002).”

“The phytic acid content of B. pinguin fruit (0.02± 0.001%), in fresh weight basis, was lower than those of different Phaseolus species (0.84–1.12 g/100 g) and soybean (1.64 g/100 g); thus, it is expected that fruit consumption do not produce antinutritional effects and it could contribute with a healthy state [35, 36…”

“According to Shamsuddin (2002), both phytic acid and trypsin inhibitors may have beneficial effects on human health: it lowers the risk of colon cancer, breast, lung and skin, prevents kidney stones (ZHOU; ERDMAN, 1995), and have antioxidant activity (EMPSON; LABUZA; GRAF, 1991).”

“The antioxidative function of phytic acid is due to its ability to inhibit the formation of hydroxyl radicals and to form chelates with Fe3+ ions, causing them to become catalytically inactive (Shamsuddin 2002; Muraoka and Miura 2004).”

“…a decrease in plasma cholesterol and triglycerides (Katayama, 1995), reduction of proliferation in different cell lines, including erythroleukaemia human mammary cancer cells (Shamsuddin, 1995) and anticancer function of phytic acid (Shamsuddin, 2002) have been recently discussed in the literature.”

“Several evidences support that PA inhibits K-562 human erythroleukemia and HT-29 colon adenocarcinoma cell growth and differentiation (Baten, Ullah, Tomazic, & Shamsuddin, 1989; Shamsuddin, 2002; Shamsuddin & Yang, 1995).”

“%) as reported by Yoon, Thompson, and Jenkins (1983), it contributes to anticarcinogenic and anti-oxidant properties and reduces blood cholesterol response (Shamsuddin, 2002; Minihane & Rimbach, 2002).”

“In a pH range of 5.0–9.0, it adopts the sterically stable one phosphate at carbon position two in the axial position and five phosphates in the equatorial position [ 29 ].”

“Despite being an antinutritional factor, phytate consumption has been associated with some health benefits like prevention against dental and renal caculi, rectal cancer, cardiovascular calcification and as an antioxidant (Shamsuddin, 2002; Grases et al., 2007, 2009).”

“…factors have therapeutic potential; for example, phytic acid has been shown to have anticancer and antioxidant activity (JArIWALLA, 2001; sHAMsUDDIN, 2002). thus, the compositional analysis and nutritional evaluation of such wild plants are necessary for understanding their impacts on…”

“Inositol is reported to be an anticarcinogenic compound, as it works synergistically with IP6, to inhibit growth of cancer cells (Shamsuddin, 2002).”

“Investigations carried out in vivo and in vitro have demonstrated anti-cancer (both preventive and therapeutic) properties of phytic acid [47].”