Aerobic regulation of cytochrome d oxidase (cydAB ) operon expression in Escherichia coli: roles of Fnr and ArcA in repression and activation
Open accessAbstract
The cydAB operon of Escherichia coli encodes the cytochrome d oxidase complex, one of two aerobic terminal oxidases that catalyses the oxidation of ubiquinol‐8 and the reduction of oxygen to water. This enzyme has a higher affinity for oxygen than the cytochrome o oxidase complex and accumulates as oxygen becomes limiting. Expression of the cydAB operon is microaerobically controlled by the ArcA/ArcB two‐component regulatory system and by Fnr. To understand how ArcA and Fnr contribute to this control, a set of cyd–lacZ reporter fusions were constructed and analysed in vivo. Two cydAB promoters, designated P1 and P2, were identified by primer extension analysis and are located 288 and 173 bp upstream of the start of cydA translation respectively. Transcription from promoter P1 was shown to be regulated by both Fnr and ArcA in response to anaerobiosis. DNaseI footprint experiments revealed the locations of two Fnr binding sites at the P1 promoter: one is centred at the start of cyd transcription, while the other is positioned 53.5 bp upstream. A single ArcA‐phosphate binding site of 49 bp, centred 93 bp upstream of promoter P1, was identified to be sufficient for the activation of cydAB expression. Based on the results of the in vitro and in vivo studies, a working model for ArcA activation and Fnr repression of cydAB transcription is proposed.
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In E. coli, cytochrome bo has a micromolar oxygen Km and cytochrome bd has a nanomolar oxygen Km, and both are coordinately regulated by ArcBA and FNR.
“For example, in E. coli, cytochrome bo (Km for oxygen in the micromolar range) and cytochrome bd (Km for oxygen in the nanomolar range) (63, 64) are coordinately regulated by the ArcBA system and transcriptional regulator FNR (65).”
From Energetics of Respiration and Oxidative Phosphorylation in Mycobacteria (2014) · cites this paper as [65]
The Abstract and Introduction (page not available) state that ArcA/ArcB and Fnr regulate the cytochrome bd (cydAB) operon. The paper contrasts cytochrome bo and bd expression as oxygen becomes limiting, but its substantive passages do not establish that both oxidases are coordinately regulated by both regulators. The oxygen-Km values are attached to other citations in the citing sentence, not to this paper. (LLM, conf=0.79)
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- Gennis, R., and Stewart, V. (1996) Respiration. In Escheri- chia coli and Salmonella typhimurium: Cellular and Mole- cular Biology, 2nd edn, Vol. 1. Neidhardt, F.C. (ed.) Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology, pp. 217-261.
- Lynch, A.S., and Lin, E.C.C. (1996a) Responses to molecular oxygen. In Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium: Cellular and Molecular Biology, 2nd edn, Vol. 1. Neidhardt, F.C. (ed.) Washington, DC: American Society for Micro- biology, pp. 1526-1538.
- Perbal, B. (1988) A Practical Guide To Molecular Cloning. New York: John Wiley & Sons, p. 550.
- Shen, J., and Gunsalus, R.P. (1997) Role of multiple ArcA recognition sites in anaerobic regulation of succinate dehy- drogenase (sdhCDAB ) gene expression in Escherichia coli. Mol Microbiol, in press.
- Silhavy, T.J., Besman, M.L., and Enquist, L.W. (1984) Experiments with Gene Fusions. Cold Spring Harbor, New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, pp. xi-xii.
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- Authors
- Cotter, P. A., Melville, S. B., Albrecht, J. A., & Gunsalus, R. P.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gunsalus, Robert P.
- Venue
- Molecular Microbiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1997-08
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 605-615
- ISSN
- 0950-382X (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2958
- OpenAlex
- W1967605214
- Cited by
- 130
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 8
- FWCI
- 2.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Molecular Microbiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS
- National Institutes of Health (5r01gm049694-08)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM49694)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Keywords
- FNR, Arca, ArcB, two-component systems, transcriptional regulation, promoter analysis, Escherichia coli, terminal oxidase
- MeSH terms
- Aerobiosis, Anaerobiosis, Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins, Bacterial Proteins, Base Sequence, Binding Sites, Chromosome Mapping, Cloning, Molecular, Cytochrome b Group, Cytochromes, DNA, Bacterial, Escherichia coli, Genes, Bacterial, Iron-Sulfur Proteins, Lac Operon, Models, Genetic, Molecular Sequence Data, Operon, Oxidoreductases, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Repressor Proteins, RNA, Messenger, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial, Gene Deletion, Escherichia coli Proteins, Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins
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