Tobacco Rar1, EDS1 and NPR1/NIM1 like genes are required for N‐mediated resistance to tobacco mosaic virus

Abstract

Summary: The tobacco N gene confers resistance to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and encodes a Toll‐interleukin‐1 receptor/nucleotide binding site/leucine‐rich repeat (TIR‐NBS‐LRR) class protein. We have developed and used a tobacco rattle virus (TRV) based virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) system to investigate the role of tobacco candidate genes in the N‐mediated signalling pathway. To accomplish this we generated transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana containing the tobacco N gene. The transgenic lines exhibit hypersensitive response (HR) to TMV and restrict virus spread to the inoculated site. This demonstrates that the tobacco N gene can confer resistance to TMV in heterologous N. benthamiana. We have used this line to study the role of tobacco Rar1‐, EDS1‐, and NPR1/NIM1‐ like genes in N‐mediated resistance to TMV using a TRV based VIGS approach. Our VIGS analysis suggests that these genes are required for N function. EDS1‐like gene requirement for the N function suggests that EDS1 could be a common component of bacterial, fungal and viral resistance signalling mediated by the TIR‐NBS‐LRR class of resistance proteins. Requirement of Rar1‐ like gene for N‐mediated resistance to TMV and some powdery mildew resistance genes in barley provide the first example of converging points in the disease resistance signalling pathways mediated by TIR‐NBS‐LRR and CC‐NBS‐LRR proteins. The TRV based VIGS approach as described here to study N‐mediated resistance signalling will be useful for the analysis of not only disease resistance signalling pathways but also of other signalling pathways in genetically intractable plant systems.