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Skin penetration and stabilization of formulations containing microfine titanium dioxide as physical UV filter
Abstract
Synopsis Microfine titanium dioxide (TiO 2) has become a frequently used physical UV filter in sunscreen formulations. Penetration of microfine TiO 2 into human skin seems to be possible because of the mean particle size of 20 nm. The small particle size results in a high surface activity of the primary particles and causes a formation of agglomerates in the formulation. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vivo and in vitro penetration behaviour of the physical UV filter into human skin. Furthermore, a stable sunscreen formulation with microfine TiO 2 which does not penetrate into the skin should be developed. According to our experiments, microfine TiO 2 penetrates deeper into human skin from an oily dispersion than from an aqueous one. Therefore, an o/w emulsion containing the dispersed micropigment in the aqueous phase was manufactured. Microfine TiO 2 cannot penetrate into human skin from this emulsion, but the storage stability of the formulation is very low at different temperatures. The encapsulation of the micropigment into liposomes does not result in a better stability but it causes a higher penetration depth of the particles into the skin. Résumé Le dioxyde de titane microfin est devenu un filtre UV physique très fréquemment utilisé dans les crèmes solaires. Une pénétration de dioxyde de titane microfin dans la peau humaine est rendu possible grâce sa granulométrie moyenne de 20 nm. Mais la taille des particules entraîne une activité de surface anormalement élevée, ce qui génère la formation d’agglomérats dans la formulation. L’objet des travaux présentés ici était l’étude de la pénétration du filtre UV physique dans la peau humaine, in vivo et in vitro. En outre, une crème solaire à base de dioxyde de titane microfin, ne pénétrant pas dans la peau, devait être développée. Selon nos investigations, le dioxyde de titane microfin pénètre plus profondément dans la peau à partir d’une dispersion huileuse que d’une dispersion aqueuse. Par conséquent, une émulsion de type huile dans eau (h/e), avec le micropigment dispersé dans la phase aqueuse, a èté réalisée. Il en ressort que le dioxyde de titane ne pénètre pas dans la peau à partir de l’émulsion h/e, mais la stabilité de l’émulsion à différentes température est très limitée. L’encapsulation du micropigment dans des liposomes n’entraîne pas d’amélioration de la stabilité mais génère une pénétration plus importante des particules dans la peau.
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Cited by
Inorganic and organic UV filters: Their role and efficacy in sunscreens and suncare products
Serpone, N., Dondi, D., & Albini, A. (2007) · Inorganica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.ica.2005.12.057 · Cited by 711
Grey Goo on the Skin? Nanotechnology, Cosmetic and Sunscreen Safety
Nohynek, G. J., Lademann, J., Ribaud, C., & Roberts, M. S. (2007) · Critical Reviews in Toxicology · doi:10.1080/10408440601177780 · Cited by 644
Nanotoxicology: An Interdisciplinary Challenge
Krug, H. F., & Wick, P. (2011) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201001037 · Cited by 556
Nanoparticles skin absorption: New aspects for a safety profile evaluation
Larese Filon, F., Mauro, M., Adami, G., Bovenzi, M., & Crosera, M. (2015) · Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.05.005 · Cited by 390
Nanomaterials in food and agriculture: An overview on their safety concerns and regulatory issues
Jain, A., Ranjan, S., Dasgupta, N., & Ramalingam, C. (2018) · Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/10408398.2016.1160363 · Cited by 367
Metadata
- Authors
- Bennat, & Müller‐Goymann
- Venue
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2000-08
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 271-283
- ISSN
- 0142-5463 (ISSN-L)
- 1468-2494
- OpenAlex
- W2112695618
- Cited by
- 172
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 0.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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