Cited by 1,300Soil Carbon and Nitrogen DynamicsPlant Water Relations and Carbon DynamicsMycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions

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Global patterns of root turnover for terrestrial ecosystems

GILL, RICHARD A., JACKSON, ROBERT B.·2000·New Phytologist

DOI 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00681.x

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Abstract

Root turnover is a critical component of ecosystem nutrient dynamics and carbon sequestration and is also an important sink for plant primary productivity. We tested global controls on root turnover across climatic gradients and for plant functional groups by using a database of 190 published studies. Root turnover rates increased exponentially with mean annual temperature for fine roots of grasslands ( r 2 = 0.48) and forests ( r 2 = 0.17) and for total root biomass in shrublands ( r 2 = 0.55). On the basis of the best‐fit exponential model, the Q 10 for root turnover was 1.4 for forest small diameter roots (5 mm or less), 1.6 for grassland fine roots, and 1.9 for shrublands. Surprisingly, after accounting for temperature, there was no such global relationship between precipitation and root turnover. The slowest average turnover rates were observed for entire tree root systems (10% annually), followed by 34% for shrubland total roots, 53% for grassland fine roots, 55% for wetland fine roots, and 56% for forest fine roots. Root turnover decreased from tropical to high‐latitude systems for all plant functional groups. To test whether global relationships can be used to predict interannual variability in root turnover, we evaluated 14 yr of published root turnover data from a shortgrass steppe site in northeastern Colorado, USA. At this site there was no correlation between interannual variability in mean annual temperature and root turnover. Rather, turnover was positively correlated with the ratio of growing season precipitation and maximum monthly temperature ( r 2 = 0.61). We conclude that there are global patterns in rates of root turnover between plant groups and across climatic gradients but that these patterns cannot always be used for the successful prediction of the relationship of root turnover to climate change at a particular site.

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Self-citation

Authors: GILL, R. A., & JACKSON, R. B.
Affiliations: Duke University (US)
Corresponding author: GILL, RICHARD A.
ORCID: GILL, RICHARD A.
JACKSON, ROBERT B.
Venue: New Phytologist
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2000-07
Volume: 147
Issue: 1
Pages: 13-31
ISSN: 0028-646X (ISSN-L)
1469-8137
DOI: 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00681.x
OpenAlex: W1903751826
Cited by: 1,300
References: 166
Citations by year: 2026: 38 · 2025: 55 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 74 · 2022: 78 · 2021: 83 · 2020: 56 · 2019: 69 · 2018: 48 · 2017: 59 · 2016: 49 · 2015: 78 · 2014: 52 · 2013: 70 · 2012: 61
FWCI: 49.26
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 2928 d)
Locations: New Phytologist (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
Keywords: root turnover, fine roots, root biomass, plant functional groups, climate gradients, temperature sensitivity, Q10, precipitation, latitudinal gradient, grassland, forests, shrubland, wetlands, shortgrass steppe, interannual variability, climate change, carbon sequestration, nutrient cycling

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Global patterns of root turnover for terrestrial ecosystems

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