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Sleep Disturbances in Women With Metastatic Breast Cancer
Open accessAbstract
We examined sleeping problems in women with metastatic breast cancer in relation to depression, social support, and salivary cortisol. Ninety-seven women with metastatic breast cancer were drawn from a larger study on the effects of group therapy on quality of life and survival. This study is based on the baseline assessments conducted prior to randomization into treatment conditions. Sleep, depression symptoms, and social support were assessed by self-reporting. Cortisol was assessed from saliva samples taken over a 3-day period. Medical status and demographic characteristics were also examined in relation to each sleep variable in multiple regression analysis. Most women (63%) reported one or more types of sleep disturbance and 37% reported using sleeping pills in the previous 30 days. Problems with falling to sleep were significantly related to greater pain and depressive symptoms. Problems of waking during the night were significantly associated with greater depression and less education. Problems in waking/getting up were significantly associated with greater depressive symptoms and less social support. Sleepiness during the day was not significantly related to the variables in the regression model. Fewer hours of sleep were significantly associated with metastases to the bone, higher depressive symptoms, and more social support. Women who reported sleeping 9 or more hours per night, compared to those who reported a moderate amount of sleep (6.5-8.5 hours), had significantly lower 9 p.m. cortisol levels. Use of sleeping pills was more frequent among women reporting greater pain and depressive symptoms. These results suggest that women with metastatic breast cancer who are at higher risk for having sleeping problems are those who are less educated, in pain, depressed, have bony metastases, or lack social support.
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“The most prevalent, persistent, and disabling symptoms in MBC patients include pain, fatigue, sleep disturbance, depression, and anxiety [2,9–12].”
From Acceptance and commitment therapy for symptom interference in metastatic breast cancer patients: a pilot randomized trial (2018) · cites this paper as [11]
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“Common symptoms in this population include depression, anxiety, sleep disturbance, pain, and fatigue [6–10].”
From Symptom experiences in metastatic breast cancer patients: relationships to activity engagement, value-based living, and psychological inflexibility (2017) · cites this paper as [9]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Koopman, C., Nouriani, B., Erickson, V., Anupindi, R., Butler, L. D., Bachmann, M. H., Sephton, S. E., & Spiegel, D.
- Affiliations
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- University of Michigan (US)
- University of Louisville (US)
- Corresponding author
- Koopman, Cheryl
- Venue
- The Breast Journal
- Publisher
- Hindawi Limited
- Published
- 2002-11
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 362-370
- ISSN
- 1075-122X (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4741
- OpenAlex
- W1975805640
- Cited by
- 156
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 1.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Breast Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Deep Blue (University of Michigan) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation
- Fetzer Institute
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH47226, R01MH047226)
- National Cancer Institute
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- sleep disorders, metastatic breast cancer, depression, social support, salivary cortisol, pain, hypnotics, bone metastasis, sleep duration, educational attainment, women
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Analysis of Variance, Bone Neoplasms, Breast Neoplasms, Depression, Educational Status, Female, Health Status, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Middle Aged, Pain, Quality of Life, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Saliva, Sleep Wake Disorders, Social Support, Stress, Psychological, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
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