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The long-term health outcomes of childhood abuse: An overview and a call to action
Open accessAbstract
While the association between abuse in childhood and adverse adult health outcomes is well established, this link is infrequently acknowledged in the general medical literature. This paper has 2 purposes: (1) to provide a broad overview of the research on the long-term effects of child abuse on mental and physical health including some of the potential pathways, and (2) to call for collaborative action among clinicians, psychosocial and biomedical researchers, social service agencies, criminal justice systems, insurance companies, and public policy makers to take a comprehensive approach to both preventing and dealing with the sequelae of childhood abuse.
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Causes and consequences of violence against child labour and women in developing countries
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Risk factors for homelessness and sex trade among incarcerated women: A Structural equation model.
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Inquiring into our past: when the doctor is a survivor of abuse.
Candib, L. M., Savageau, J. A., Weinreb, L., & Reed, G. W. (2012) · PubMed · Cited by 20
Mattera, B., Levine, E. C., Martínez, O., Muñoz‐Laboy, M., Hausmann‐Stabile, C., Bauermeister, J. A., Fernandez, M. I., Operario, D., & Rodríguez-Díaz, C. E. (2017) · Culture Health & Sexuality · doi:10.1080/13691058.2017.1367420 · Cited by 20
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“66 Our findings suggest that the associations between ACE exposure and later-life functional impairment were not entirely explained by tobacco or alcohol use.”
BackgroundAddressing Intimate Partner Violence in Primary Care: Lessons From Chronic Illness Management
Nicolaidis, C., & Touhouliotis, V. (2006) · Violence and Victims · doi:10.1891/0886-6708.21.1.101 · Cited by 18
Nicolaidis, C., McFarland, B. H., Curry, M., & Gerrity, M. (2009) · Psychosomatics · doi:10.1176/appi.psy.50.4.340 · Cited by 19
Childhood trauma and lifetime syncope burden among older adults
O'Hare, C., McCrory, C., O'Leary, N., O'Brien, H., & Kenny, R. A. (2017) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2017.03.019 · Cited by 18
Child abuse and work stress in adulthood: Evidence from a population-based study
Sampasa‐Kanyinga, H., Nilsen, W., & Colman, I. (2017) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.12.029 · Cited by 19
“Child abuse is well known to have adverse life-long consequences (Gilbert et al., 2009; Noll and Shenk, 2010; Springer et al., 2007; Springer et al., 2003).”
BackgroundSchmahl, O., Jeuring, H. W., Aprahamian, I., Naarding, P., Marijnissen, R. M., Hendriks, G., Fluiter, M., Rhebergen, D., Lugtenburg, A., Lammers, M. W., et al. (2021) · Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics · doi:10.1016/j.archger.2021.104452 · Cited by 18
Singh, K., Bhatia, R., Kumar, B., Singh, G., & Monga, V. (2021) · Current Neuropharmacology · doi:10.2174/1570159x19666211102154311 · Cited by 18
Childhood Abuse Is Associated With Worse Survival Following Lung Transplantation
Kennedy, C. C., Zubair, A., Clark, M. M., & Jowsey‐Gregoire, S. G. (2016) · Progress in Transplantation · doi:10.1177/1526924816640651 · Cited by 18
Hall, C. D. X., Newcomb, M. E., Dyar, C., & Mustanski, B. S. (2021) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/adb0000751 · Cited by 18
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An examination of childhood trauma in individuals attending an adult mental health service
Wota, A. P., Byrne, C., Murray, I., Ofuafor, T., Nisar, Z., Neuner, F., & Hallahan, B. P. (2014) · Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/ipm.2014.49 · Cited by 18
“Contrary to other studies, where CSA and physical abuse has been demonstrated to be more prevalent in women (Springer et al. 2003), men in our study reported slightly higher levels (albeit not statistically significant) of CSA, physical abuse and physical and emotional neglect compared with females.”
ResultRisk-Taking Propensity and Sensation Seeking in Survivors of Adverse Childhood Experiences
Babad, S., Zwilling, A. L., Carson, K. W., Fairchild, V. P., Razak, S., Robinson, G., & Nikulina, V. (2019) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260519876035 · Cited by 18
Unveiling the effects of energy poverty on mental health of children in energy-poor countries
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Akinyemi, O. A., Ogundare, T., Fasokun, M., Ogunyankin, F., Ugochukwu, N., Ajisafe, W., Ikugbayigbe, S., Eze, O., Hughes, K., & Michael, M. B. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1528914 · Cited by 25
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Genetic and Environmental Overlap Between Childhood Maltreatment and Adult Physical Health
South, S. C., Schafer, M. H., & Ferraro, K. F. (2015) · Twin Research and Human Genetics · doi:10.1017/thg.2015.62 · Cited by 16
“Consistent with previous research, we identified frequent experiences as a particularly salient indicator of childhood maltreatment, dichotomizing ‘often’ and ‘sometimes’ reports versus reports that the actions occurred ‘rarely’ or ‘never’ (see Irving & Ferraro, 2006, Schafer & Ferraro, 2013; Springer, 2009).”
InfluentialCarney, A. K. (2014) · The International Journal of Aging and Human Development · doi:10.1177/0091415015574179 · Cited by 16
Sheikh, M. A. (2018) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.07.085 · Cited by 16
“There is a growing body of evidence that disease suffered in adulthood may originate from maltreatment in childhood (Baumeister et al., 2015; Hostinar et al., 2017; Springer et al., 2003).”
Background“I’m More Open to Talking About It”: Women’s Experiences With Sexual Abuse and Reproductive Health
Meier, S., Brig, K., Delay, C., Sundstrom, B. L., Schwab‐Reese, L. M., & DeMaria, A. L. (2020) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260520905077 · Cited by 16
Probst, D. R., Turchik, J. A., Zimak, E. H., & Huckins, J. L. (2011) · Journal of Aggression Maltreatment & Trauma · doi:10.1080/10926771.2011.546754 · Cited by 16
Vang, M. L., Shevlin, M. E., Karatzias, T., Fyvie, C., & Hyland, P. (2018) · European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation · doi:10.1016/j.ejtd.2018.02.004 · Cited by 16
“Childhood adversity is a consistent predictor of negative adult physical and psychological health outcomes (Shevlin et al., 2017; Springer et al, 2003).”
BackgroundStarting Early: Promoting the Mental Health of Women and Girls Throughout the Life Span
Lesesne, C. A., & Kennedy, C. (2005) · Journal of Women s Health · doi:10.1089/jwh.2005.14.754 · Cited by 15
Nuggerud-Galeas, S., Oliván Blázquez, B., Perez Yus, M. C., Valle-Salazar, B., Aguilar-Latorre, A., & Magallón Botaya, R. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01230 · Cited by 13
“However, childhood sexual abuse tends to be hidden by patients or goes undetected by their doctors (Springer et al., 2003).”
BackgroundYin, H., Zhu, Y., Tan, L., Zhong, X., & Yang, Q. (2024) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.132 · Cited by 14
Smyth, N. J., & Blitshteyn, S. (2025) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph22020275 · Cited by 14
“Adding to this list, we note that twenty to fifty percent of a significant subset of primary care patients report experiences of abuse in childhood [25,26] which can make them mistrustful of healthcare professionals in adulthood, including within healthcare settings [27].”
Sölva, K., Haselgruber, A., & Lueger‐Schuster, B. (2020) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104388 · Cited by 17
Tracy, E. L., Tracy, C. T., Kim, J. J., Yang, R., & Kim, E. J. (2020) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105320909876 · Cited by 14
“Springer et al., 2003).”
Zhang, K., Wu, B., & Zhang, W. (2021) · Geriatrics and gerontology international/Geriatrics & gerontology international · doi:10.1111/ggi.14312 · Cited by 14
Masuya, J., Ichiki, M., Morishita, C., Higashiyama, M., Ono, M., Honyashiki, M., Iwata, Y., Tanabe, H., & Inoue, T. (2022) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s337922 · Cited by 15
Neyazi, A., Mohammadi, A. Q., Razaqi, N., Satapathy, P., Mehmood, Q., & Neyazi, M. (2024) · Sleep Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.sleepe.2024.100075 · Cited by 13
Betrayed? That’s Me: Implicit and Explicit Betrayed Self-Concept in Young Adults Abused as Children
Delker, B. C., & Freyd, J. (2017) · Journal of Aggression Maltreatment & Trauma · doi:10.1080/10926771.2017.1308982 · Cited by 11
Correlates of Lifetime Physical Abuse Among Schoolchildren Aged 15 Years in Post-communist Albania
Qirjako, G., Dika, Q., Mone, I., Draçini, X., Kuneshka, L., Roshi, E., & Burazeri, G. (2021) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2021.607493 · Cited by 12
“Hence, it has been convincingly shown that individuals who have experienced child maltreatment are at increased risk of suicide (7), repeated maltreatment or victimization by others (1, 7), risky sexual behaviors (8), substance abuse (9), poor physical and mental health (7, 10), in addition to a higher risk for violen…”
BackgroundChildhood Maltreatment and Amygdala-Mediated Anxiety and Posttraumatic Stress Following Adult Trauma
Harb, F., Liuzzi, M. T., Huggins, A. A., Webb, E. K., Fitzgerald, J. M., Krukowski, J. L., deRoon‐Cassini, T. A., & Larson, C. L. (2024) · Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science · doi:10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100312 · Cited by 17
Jiwani, Z., Drylewski, G., Sharma, S., Ahun, M. N., Thapa, S., & Steele, M. (2022) · Infant Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1002/imhj.21997 · Cited by 12
DeMaria, A. L., Meier, S., King, H. R., Sidorowicz, H., Seigfried‐Spellar, K. C., & Schwab‐Reese, L. M. (2023) · BMC Women s Health · doi:10.1186/s12905-023-02401-4 · Cited by 12
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A Critical Review of Maternal Abuse and Infant Outcomes: Implications for Newborn Nurses
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Lacey, K. K., Parnell, R. N., Drummond-Lewis, S. R., Wood, M., & Sears, K. P. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19010150 · Cited by 12
The Influence of Childhood Trauma on Multiple Unhealthy Lifestyle Behaviors in Adulthood
Tong, L., Kuzminskaite, E., Hovens, J. G. F. M., Jeuring, H. W., Krause-Utz, A., Vinkers, C. H., & Penninx, B. W. J. H. (2024) · Journal of Aggression Maltreatment & Trauma · doi:10.1080/10926771.2024.2307380 · Cited by 13
“…mechanisms underlying this relation is CT negatively impacting individuals’ lifestyle behaviors, such as patterns of physical activity, weight management, sleep duration, and substance use (smoking, drug, or alcohol use; Kendall-Tackett, 2002; Monnat & Chandler, 2015; Springer et al., 2003).”
BackgroundWilliams, A. H., Williams, A. W., Renner, L. M., PettyJohn, M. E., Cash, S. J., & Schwab‐Reese, L. M. (2024) · Journal of Family Violence · doi:10.1007/s10896-024-00697-w · Cited by 12
“…have a higher prevalence of mental health conditions (Al Odhayani et al., 2013; Cicchetti & Handley, 2019; Messman-Moore & Bhuptani, 2017; Springer et al., 2003); lower average social achievement (Al Odhayani et al., 2013; Child Welfare Information Gateway, 2019; Doelman et al., 2023;…”
Arai, S. M., Mock, S. E., & Gallant, K. A. (2011) · Leisure/Loisir · doi:10.1080/14927713.2011.648399 · Cited by 10
“…consequences of childhood trauma likely account for much of the association consistently found between childhood trauma and health problems in adulthood including chronic fatigue and illnesses related to suppressed immune functioning (Greenfield, 2010; Mulvihill, 2005; Springer et al., 2003).”
BackgroundEvidence of Dissociative Amnesia in Science and Literature: Culture-Bound Approaches to Trauma in
Goldsmith, R. E., Cheit, R. E., & Wood, M. E. (2009) · Journal of Trauma & Dissociation · doi:10.1080/15299730902956572 · Cited by 11
Evaluating the Cumulative Impact of Childhood Misfortune: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach
Mustillo, S., Li, M., & Ferraro, K. F. (2019) · Sociological Methods & Research · doi:10.1177/0049124119875957 · Cited by 11
“…reflecting the severity of harm, is also manifested in research examining specific childhood exposures such as abuse (Felitti et al. 1998; Springer et al. 2003; Wegman and Stetler 2009), low socioeconomic status (SES; Galobardes, Lynch, and Smith 2004; Hayward and Gorman 2004; Warner and…”
BackgroundConcerns about Household Violence during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Blair, D.-L., Shields, M. E., & Tonmyr, L. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph192214633 · Cited by 10
“The higher levels of concern about violence against children are particularly unsettling as experiences of violence during childhood can have severe and long-lasting effects on a child’s physical and mental health [52].”
BackgroundRelationship Violence and Frequency of Intoxication Among Low-Income Urban Women
Hill, T. D., Nielsen, A. L., & Angel, R. J. (2009) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.1080/10826080802486012 · Cited by 10
Lev‐Wiesel, R., Bechor, Y., Daphna‐Tekoah, S., Hadanny, A., & Efrati, S. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02535 · Cited by 12
“…stress disorder (Bremmer et al., 1997), dissociative disorders, memory, and recall impairments (Wolf and Nochaiski, 2013), chronic pain fibromyalgia (Springer et al., 2003), myocardial infarction, asthma, and diabetes (Gilbert et al., 2015), and intestinal complications (Lev-Wiesel and Markus,…”
BackgroundSubstance-Use Disorders and Violence
Schifano, F., Zangani, C., Chiappini, S., Guirguis, A., Bonaccorso, S., & Corkery, J. (2019) · Comprehensive approach to psychiatry · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-33188-7_6 · Cited by 9
Has This Child Experienced Physical Abuse?
Shah, S. N., Fong, H., Haney, S. B., Harper, N. S., Pierce, M. C., & Neuman, M. I. (2025) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2025.2216 · Cited by 12
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Physical, sexual, and psychosocial health impacts of child abuse: Evidence from Ghana
Tenkorang, E. Y. (2023) · Advances in Life Course Research · doi:10.1016/j.alcr.2023.100559 · Cited by 8
Relationship between mean platelet volume and vitamin D deficiency in fibromyalgia
Yıldırım, T., Solmaz, D., Akgöl, G., & Ersoy, Y. (2016) · DSpace - FIRAT (Fırat University) · Cited by 8
History of child sexual abuse among women consuming illicit substances in Mexico City
Mendoza-Meléndez, M. Á., Cepeda, A., Frankeberger, J., López-Macario, M., & Valdez, A. (2018) · Journal of Substance Use · doi:10.1080/14659891.2018.1489478 · Cited by 8
“© 2018 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC adolescence and young adulthood among women who have experienced CSA (Mosack et al., 2010; Schacht et al., 2010; Springer et al., 2003; Trickett et al., 2011).”
BackgroundGoncharenko, S., Forkus, S. R., Contractor, A. A., Kiefer, R., & Weiss, N. H. (2021) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.104979 · Cited by 10
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“…of child maltreatment experiences, also termed poly-victimisation, is crucial in the causal relationship between child maltreatment and negative social, behavioural and psychological outcomes (Brown et al., 1999; Cougle et al., 2010; Delker et al., 2018; Hyman et al., 2008; Springer et al., 2003).”
BackgroundSnow, P. C., Kelly, B., Mendes, P., & O’Donohue, D. (2016) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/978-1-137-55639-4_4 · Cited by 8
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Elliott, L. D. (2003) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1046/j.1525-1497.2003.30702.x · Cited by 8
Medically Induced Exacerbation of PTSD Following Lung Transplantation: A Case Series
Chernyak, Y., & Teh, L. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings · doi:10.1007/s10880-019-09691-7 · Cited by 7
Impulsive Behavior as a Mediator Between Childhood Maltreatment and Emotional Disorders
Azarmehr, R., Shalchi, B., & Ahmadi, E. (2020) · Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.5812/ijpbs.105726 · Cited by 10
“Evidence shows that different types of abuse and maltreatment in childhood are associated with poor mental health outcomes, including increased severity of depression and anxiety (25).”
BackgroundPregnancy as an Opportunity for Trauma-Intervention Among Women Who Are Addicted to Substances
Puurunen, K., & Vis, J. (2017) · Journal of Aggression Maltreatment & Trauma · doi:10.1080/10926771.2017.1332703 · Cited by 7
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Addressing Behavioral Cancer Risks from a LGBT Health Equity Perspective
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"Fenomenologia das experiências mediúnicas, perfil e psicopatologia de médiuns espíritas"
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Impact of childhood maltreatment on psychosomatic outcomes among men and women with disabilities
Pebole, M. M., Greco, C. E., Gobin, R. L., Phillips, B. N., & Strauser, D. R. (2021) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09638288.2021.1998666 · Cited by 6
Interpersonal Trauma in the Lives of Nurses and Perceptions of Nursing Work
Choi, K. R., Hughesdon, K., Britton, L. E., Šinko, L., Wells, C., Giordano, N., Sarna, L., & Heilemann, M. V. (2021) · Western Journal of Nursing Research · doi:10.1177/01939459211015894 · Cited by 6
“Such events in childhood have been reported by women at rates as high as 40%–70% (Springer et al., 2003).”
BackgroundPrevalence and psychological outcomes of child sexual abuse in Nigeria
Onyishi, C. N. (2022) · International Journal of Health Sciences · doi:10.53730/ijhs.v6ns4.5550 · Cited by 5
“…rate of CSA among school children in Nigeria (David et al., 2018; Balogun & Adenowuro, 2020; Chinawa et al., 2013; Leeb et al., 2011) leaving a good number of the such victimized children at risk of psychological problems associated with trauma (Shrivastava et al., 2017; Springer et al., 2003).”
BackgroundThe unique contribution of childhood maltreatment types to risk-taking behavior and self-esteem
Kızıltepe, R., Duman, M. E., Sağel-Çetiner, E., & Hecker, T. (2023) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-023-04300-1 · Cited by 5
Riediger, N. D., LaPlante, J., Mudryj, A., & Clair, L. (2022) · Canadian Journal of Public Health · doi:10.17269/s41997-021-00580-x · Cited by 5
Childhood Maltreatment and its Mental Health Consequences among University's Students
ElBarazi, A. S. (2023) · The Family Journal · doi:10.1177/10664807231157022 · Cited by 5
ElBarazi, A. S. (2025) · Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma · doi:10.1007/s40653-025-00701-5 · Cited by 7
“Moreover, maltreatment of children is associated with an increased likelihood of developing physical health problems, the severity of which tends to increase with age (Springer et al., 2003 ; McEwen & Stellar, 1993 ; Cicchetti & Handley, 2019 ; Daigneault et al., 2017 ; Stein et al., 2013).”
Toolkit On Mapping Legal, Health And Social Services Response To Child Maltreatment
Jud, A., Jones, L. M., & Mikton, C. R. (2015) · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · doi:10.5281/zenodo.52512 · Cited by 8
Meeting Them “Where They're At”
Mishna, F. (2007) · Psychoanalytic Social Work · doi:10.1300/j032v14n02_03 · Cited by 5
Pocket ACE: Child sexual abuse survivors missed by the ACEs Study Questionnaire
Dolson, R. A., Morelen, D. M., Dodd, J. C., & Clements, A. D. (2021) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105049 · Cited by 4
Grewal, J. K., Mu, E., Li, Q., Thomas, E. H. X., Kulkarni, J., & Chen, L. (2024) · Archives of Women s Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s00737-024-01536-z · Cited by 4
Clarke, E., Boshe, J., Spencer‐Rogers, A., Jacques, C., & Walker, R. W. (2020) · Tropical Medicine & International Health · doi:10.1111/tmi.13535 · Cited by 5
“It can be expected that less physical punishment would lead to less violence experienced by children in the orphanage, which in turn would lead to improved mental health [25]; although it seems simple, more widespread implementation of these grassroots changes could go some way to improving child and adolescent mental…”
BackgroundMy Sister’s Keeper: Survivors Disclosing Sexual Violence to a Sibling
Barrios, V. R., Corpora, M., Pawlecki, E., & Caspi, J. (2021) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/08862605211043581 · Cited by 4
“Approximately 3%-29% of men and 7%-36% of women are subject to sexual violence before the age of 18 (Springer et al., 2003).”
BackgroundArmon, D. B., Fine, N. B., Seligman, Z., Ginzburg, K., & Ben‐Zion, Z. (2021) · Journal of Affective Disorders Reports · doi:10.1016/j.jadr.2021.100252 · Cited by 4
“…range of psychiatric comorbidities and especially high rates of depression and anxiety (Hailes et al., 2019), a plethora of somatic health problems (Springer et al., 2003), elevated health anxiety (Reiser et al., 2014), high rates of functional impairment and disability (Schüssler-Fiorenza Rose et…”
Background“Now I Can See Things for What They Are”: The Experiences of Adult Children of Narcissists
Jagasia, K., Saunders, P., & Roufeil, L. (2022) · Journal of Constructivist Psychology · doi:10.1080/10720537.2022.2048285 · Cited by 7
“…not all of the participants had received a formal diagnosis of a mental illness, the patterns of symptoms that they reported including anxiety, depression, stress, dissociation, and difficulties with emotion regulation, are often reported by adult survivors of child abuse (Springer et al., 2003).”
BackgroundIn Their Own Words: Student Mental Health in Rural, Low Socioeconomic High Schools
Hughes, J. E., Ulmer, J., Clark, J. S., Disberger, B., Hock, G., & Ellis, J. G. (2023) · The rural educator · doi:10.55533/2643-9662.1380 · Cited by 9
Investigating Childhood Abuse and Psychological Symptom Level of Teacher Candidates
Pekdoğan, S. (2017) · Uludağ Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi · doi:10.19171/uefad.323408 · Cited by 4
Bachmann, M., & Bachmann, B. A. (2018) · The Permanente Journal · doi:10.7812/tpp/17-122 · Cited by 8
Buhrmann, A. S., & Fuller‐Thomson, E. (2022) · Aging and Health Research · doi:10.1016/j.ahr.2022.100088 · Cited by 4
Child Sexual Abuse among School Children of a Municipality: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Shrestha, S., Baskota, S., Karki, U., Poudel, L., Bhandari, N., Gurung, M., Rajbhandari, B., & Shrestha, P. (2021) · Journal of Nepal Medical Association · doi:10.31729/jnma.6865 · Cited by 3
The Mental Health of Emerging Adults: Hostile Home Environments and COVID-19
Maly, E. G., Grower, P. L., Robertson, K. E., Haran, N. J., & Graham‐Bermann, S. A. (2022) · Journal of Family Violence · doi:10.1007/s10896-022-00478-3 · Cited by 3
“This may be due to the enduring health effects of traumatic stress, even in the absence of abuse or neglect during the college years (Springer et al., 2003).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Springer, K. W., Sheridan, J., Kuo, D., & Carnes, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Corresponding author
- Carnes, Molly
- Venue
- Journal of General Internal Medicine
- Published
- 2003-10
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 864-870
- ISSN
- 0884-8734 (ISSN-L)
- 1525-1497
- PMC
- PMC1494926
- OpenAlex
- W1722369907
- Cited by
- 299
- References
- 101
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 6.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of General Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (0123666)
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
- National Institute on Aging (K07 AG0074, T32AG000129)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Child Abuse and Related Trauma
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Child Welfare and Adoption
- Keywords
- childhood abuse, long-term health effects, mental health, physical health, child abuse prevention, interdisciplinary collaboration, public policy
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Mental Disorders, Child, Child Abuse, Health Status, Humans, Mass Screening, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Comorbidity, Somatosensory Disorders
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