Timescale of mass accretion in pre-main-sequence stars
Open accessAbstract
We present the initial result of a large spectroscopic survey aimed at measuring the timescale of mass accretion in young, pre-main-sequence stars in the spectral type range K0–M5. Using multi-object spectroscopy with VIMOS at the VLT we identified the fraction of accreting stars in a number of young stellar clusters and associations of the ages of between 1–30 Myr. The fraction of accreting stars decreases from ~60% at 1.5–2 Myr to ~2% at 10 Myr. No accreting stars are found after 10 Myr at a sensitivity limit of 10-11 . We compared the fraction of stars showing ongoing accretion () to the fraction of stars with near-to-mid infrared excess (). In most cases we find < , i.e. , mass accretion appears to cease (or drop below detectable level) earlier than the dust is dissipated in the inner disk. At 5 Myr, 95% of the stellar population has stopped accreting material at a rate of , while ~20% of the stars show near-infrared excess emission. Assuming an exponential decay, we measure a mass accretion timescale () of 2.3 Myr, compared to a near-to-mid infrared excess timescale () of 3 Myr. Planet formation and/or migration, in the inner disk might be a viable mechanism to halt further accretion onto the central star on such a short timescale.
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Typical gas disk lifetimes are a few Myr.
“Typical gas disk lifetimes are a few Myr (Fedele et al. 2010, Barenfeld et al. 2016).”
From Origins of Hot Jupiters (2018) · cites this paper as Fedele et al. 2010
Section 5.3 reports a 2.3 Myr mass-accretion timescale and says that by 5 Myr only 5% of disks retain enough gas to sustain detectable accretion. But §1 distinguishes the end of accretion from gas dissipation: gas may remain afterward. The paper therefore supports a few-Myr timescale for substantial accreting gas reservoirs, not an unqualified lifetime for gas disks. Page numbers were not provided. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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Giant Planet Formation by Gravitational Instability
Boss, A. P. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.276.5320.1836 · Cited by 1,124 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Gravitational instability in the disk was also proposed as a viable scenario to form planets, especially in the outer disk (Boss 1997, 1998; Durisen 2007).”
BackgroundModels of giant planet formation with migration and disc evolution
Alibert, Y., Mordasini, C., Benz, W., & Winisdoerffer, C. (2005) · Astronomy & Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20042032 · Cited by 685 · see citing works
A <i>Spitzer Space Telescope</i> Study of Disks in the Young σ Orionis Cluster
Hernandez, J., Hartmann, L., Megeath, T., Gutermuth, R., Muzerolle, J., Calvet, N., Vivas, A. K., Briceno, C., Allen, L., Stauffer, J., et al. (2007) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/513735 · Cited by 512 · see citing works
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- LeFevre, O., Saisse, M., Mancini, D., et al. 2003, in SPIE Conf. Ser. 4841, ed.
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Dawson, R. I., & Johnson, J. A. (2018) · Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1146/annurev-astro-081817-051853 · Cited by 622 · see citing works
- Authors
- Fedele, D., van den Ancker, M. E., Henning, T., Jayawardhana, R., & Oliveira, J. M.
- Affiliations
- Max Planck Society (DE)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Keele University (GB)
- Venue
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- Publisher
- EDP Sciences
- Published
- 2010-02
- Volume
- 510
- Pages
- A72
- ISSN
- 0004-6361 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-0746
- OpenAlex
- W1998757246
- Cited by
- 421
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 28
- FWCI
- 9.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Astronomy and Astrophysics (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- Science and Technology Facilities Council (PP/F000057/1, PP/D000955/1, ST/G002355/1)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
- Keywords
- pre-main-sequence stars, young stellar clusters, young stellar associations, near-infrared excess, mid-infrared excess, circumstellar disks, planet formation, planet migration, M dwarfs, K dwarfs
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