Cited by 63Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment and PrognosisLiver physiology and pathologyCancer-related molecular mechanisms research

C/EBPα Is Up-regulated in a Subset of Hepatocellular Carcinomas and Plays a Role in Cell Growth and Proliferation

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Lu, Guo–Dong, Leung, Carol Ho–Wing, Yan, Benedict, Tan, Colyn Mui–Yeong, Low, Sie Yieh, Aung, Myat Oo, Salto–Tellez, Manuel, Lim, Seng Gee +1 more·2010·Gastroenterology

Abstract

Background & aims C/EBPalpha (cebpa) is a putative tumor suppressor. However, initial results indicated that cebpa was up-regulated in a subset of human hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). The regulation and function of C/EBPalpha was investigated in HCC cell lines to clarify its role in liver carcinogenesis. Methods The regulation of C/EBPalpha expression was studied by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, methylation-specific PCR, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. C/EBPalpha expression was knocked-down by small interfering RNA or short hairpin RNA. Functional assays included colony formation, methylthiotetrazole, bromodeoxyuridine incorporation, and luciferase-reporter assays. Results Cebpa was up-regulated at least 2-fold in a subset (approximately 55%) of human HCCs compared with adjacent nontumor tissues. None of the up-regulated samples were positive for hepatitis C infection. The HCC cell lines Hep3B and Huh7 expressed high, PLC/PRF/5 intermediate, HepG2 and HCC-M low levels of C/EBPalpha, recapitulating the pattern of expression observed in HCCs. No mutations were detected in the CEBPA gene in HCCs and cell lines. C/EBPalpha was localized to the nucleus and functional in Hep3B and Huh7 cells; knocking-down its expression reduced target-gene expression, colony formation, and cell growth, associated with a decrease in cyclin A and CDK4 concentrations and E2F transcriptional activity. Epigenetic mechanisms including DNA methylation, and the binding of acetylated histone H3 to the CEBPA promoter-regulated cebpa expression in the HCC cells. Conclusions C/EBPalpha is up-regulated in a subset of HCCs and has growth-promoting activities in HCC cells. Novel oncogenic mechanisms involving C/EBPalpha may be amenable to epigenetic regulation to improve treatment outcomes.

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Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. Tan EH, Hooi SC, Laban M, et al. CCAAT/enhancer binding pro- tein alpha knock-in mice exhibit early liver glycogen storage and reduced susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Res 2005;65:10330 -10337.
  2. Resnitzky D, Hengst L, Reed SI. Cyclin A-associated kinase ac- tivity is rate limiting for entrance into S phase and is negatively regulated in G1 by p27Kip1. Mol Cell Biol 1995;15:4347-4352.
  3. Wang GL, Timchenko NA. Dephosphorylated C/EBPalpha accel- erates cell proliferation through sequestering retinoblastoma pro- tein. Mol Cell Biol 2005;25:1325-1338.

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Authors
Lu, G., Leung, C. H., Yan, B., Tan, C. M., Low, S. Y., Aung, M. O., Salto–Tellez, M., Lim, S. G., & Hooi, S. C.
Affiliations
  • National University of Singapore (SG)
  • National University Hospital (SG)
Corresponding author
Hooi, Shing Chuan
Venue
Gastroenterology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2010-08
Volume
139
Issue
2
Pages
632-643.e4
ISSN
0016-5085 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2088354340
Cited by
62
References
28
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 3
FWCI
1.47
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Gastroenterology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • National University of Singapore (submittedVersion)
  • Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National University of Singapore
  • Medical Research Council
  • National Medical Research Council (NMRC/1211/2009)
  • National Cancer Institute
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment and Prognosis
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver physiology and pathology
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
Keywords
C/EBPα, hepatocellular carcinoma, oncogenes, tumor suppressor, cell proliferation, cell growth, epigenetic regulation, DNA methylation, histone H3 acetylation, cyclin A, CDK4, E2F transcription, hepatocarcinogenesis, gene expression regulation
MeSH terms
Cell Nucleus, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Histones, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Liver Neoplasms, Blotting, Western, Up-Regulation, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, DNA Methylation, Cyclin A, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins, RNA Interference, Epigenesis, Genetic, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, Cell Proliferation, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4, Hep G2 Cells

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