Influence of Sucrose Ingestion on Brainstem and Hypothalamic Intrinsic Oscillations in Lean and Obese Women
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Background & aims The study of intrinsic fluctuations in the blood oxygen level-dependent signal of functional magnetic resonance imaging can provide insight into the effect of physiologic states on brain processes. In an effort to better understand the brain-gut communication induced by the absorption and metabolism of nutrients in healthy lean and obese individuals, we investigated whether ingestion of nutritive and non-nutritive sweetened beverages differentially engages the hypothalamus and brainstem vagal pathways in lean and obese women.Methods In a 2-day, double-blind crossover study, 11 lean and 11 obese healthy women underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging scans after ingestion of 2 beverages of different sucrose content, but identical sweetness. During scans, subjects rested with eyes closed.Results Blood oxygen level-dependent fluctuations demonstrated significantly greater power in the highest frequency band (slow-3: 0.073-0.198 Hz) after ingestion of high-sucrose compared with low-sucrose beverages in the nucleus tractus solitarius for both groups. Obese women had greater connectivity between the right lateral hypothalamus and a reward-related brain region and weaker connectivity with homeostasis and gustatory-related brain regions than lean women.Conclusions In a functional magnetic resonance imaging study, we observed sucrose-related changes in oscillatory dynamics of blood oxygen level-dependent fluctuations in brainstem and hypothalamus in lean and obese women. The observed frequency changes are consistent with a rapid vagally mediated mechanism due to nutrient absorption, rather than sweet taste receptor activation. These findings provide support for altered interaction between homeostatic and reward networks in obese individuals.
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In women with high BMI, greater engagement of reward regulation networks combined with reduced engagement of executive control regions may increase susceptibility to cravings for certain foods, especially sugar.
“In women with high BMI, greater engagement of reward regulation networks, combined with reduced engagement of executive control regions, may increase susceptibility to cravings for certain foods, especially sugar 53, 108, 109, 110.”
From History of early life adversity is associated with increased food addiction and sex-specific alterations in reward network connectivity in obesity (2019) · cites this paper as [109]
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References 44 · Cited by 45
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- [23]Hamlett A Ryan L Wolfinger R On the use of PROC MIXED to estimate correlation in the presence of repeated measures SAS Users Group International, Proceedings of the Statistics and Data Analysis Section 2004, paper 198-29 1 7
- Authors
- Kilpatrick, L. A., Coveleskie, K., Connolly, L., Labus, J. S., Ebrat, B., Stains, J., Jiang, Z., Suyenobu, B. Y., Raybould, H. E., Tillisch, K., & Mayer, E. A.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kilpatrick, Lisa A.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Gastroenterology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-05
- Volume
- 146
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1212-1221
- ISSN
- 0016-5085 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4113508
- OpenAlex
- W1986385745
- Cited by
- 45
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 2.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Gastroenterology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (R01 DK048351, T32 DK007180, P50DK64531, R24 AT002681, P30 DK041301)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Keywords
- sucrose intake, nucleus tractus solitarius, hypothalamus, brainstem, vagal pathway, obesity, nutrient absorption, reward network, sweetened beverages, women
- MeSH terms
- Administration, Oral, Adult, Beverages, Brain Mapping, Brain Stem, Double-Blind Method, Female, Homeostasis, Humans, Hypothalamus, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Obesity, Oscillometry, Oxygen, Reward, Satiation, Thinness, Time Factors, Vagus Nerve, Cross-Over Studies, Dietary Sucrose, Young Adult
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