Cited by 102Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular HealthLipid metabolism and disordersCholesterol and Lipid Metabolism

Lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in chronic kidney disease.

Kaysen, George A.·2009·Journal of Renal Nutrition

Abstract

The risk of cardiovascular events and mortality increases as renal function declines although the relative risk of mortality contributed by the standard Framingham risk factors are altered or replaced. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol does not predict mortality but low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and triglycerides remain risk factors. The lipoproteins within each class are shifted to smaller, more dense isoforms. The accumulation of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins, including lipoprotein(a) results primarily from decreased clearance rather than from increased synthesis. Lipoprotein(a) levels are also associated with cardiovascular outcome among dialysis patients. Decreased clearance of very low-density lipoprotein and intermediate-density lipoprotein is a result of decreased lipoprotein lipase, structural alterations in the lipoproteins rendering them poorer substrates, and a decrease in receptor number for these proteins. HDL levels are decreased as a result of an increased fractional catabolic rate both among obese patients with normal renal function and among dialysis patients, but the mechanisms responsible for increased HDL fractional catabolic rate may differ. In patients with advanced kidney disease, HDL fails to mature normally as a result of decreased lecithin cholesterol ester transfer protein, leaving cholesterol ester-poor, triglyceride-rich HDL(3) and pre-beta HDL. HDL in patients with chronic kidney disease is a less effective antioxidative agent than is HDL from normal subjects because of a decrease in paroxonase activity, allowing the accumulation of oxidized LDL.

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Registry

Crossref · 10.1053/j.jrn.2008.10.011

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41 of 41 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Hypertriglyceridemia is common in patients with renal failure and may be related to decreased clearance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins via reduced LpL and hepatic lipase activities.

    “Hypertriglyceridemia is common in patients with renal failure and may be related to decreased clearance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins via reduced LpL and hepatic lipase activities (104).”

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Authors
Kaysen, G. A.
Affiliations
United States Department of Veterans Affairs (US)
Corresponding author
Kaysen, George A.
Venue
Journal of Renal Nutrition
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2009-01
Volume
19
Issue
1
Pages
73-77
ISSN
1051-2276 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1981618554
Cited by
102
References
42
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 8
FWCI
7.42
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of Renal Nutrition (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipid metabolism and disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
Keywords
chronic kidney disease, lipid metabolism, lipoprotein metabolism, cardiovascular risk, HDL cholesterol, lipoprotein(a), apolipoprotein B, lipoprotein clearance, lipoprotein lipase, HDL3, oxidized LDL, triglycerides, dialysis patients, cardiovascular mortality
MeSH terms
Cardiovascular Diseases, Humans, Hyperlipidemias, Kidney Failure, Chronic, Lipids, Lipoproteins, Lipoproteins, HDL, Lipoproteins, LDL, Risk Factors, Triglycerides, Lipid Metabolism

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