Recurrent miscarriage: diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Guideline of the DGGG, OEGGG and SGGG (S2k-Level, AWMF Registry Number 015/050)
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PURPOSE: Official guideline of the German Society of Gynecology and Obstetrics (DGGG), the Austrian Society of Gynecology and Obstetrics (ÖGGG) and the Swiss Society of Gynecology and Obstetrics (SGGG). The aim of this guideline was to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of couples with recurrent miscarriage (RM). Recommendations were based on the current literature and the views of the involved committee members. METHODS: Based on the current literature, the committee members developed the statements and recommendations of this guideline in a formalized process which included DELPHI rounds and a formal consensus meeting. RECOMMENDATIONS: Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with RM were compiled based on the international literature. Specific established risk factors such as chromosomal, anatomical, endocrine, hemostatic, psychological, infectious and immunological disorders were taken into consideration.
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The literature search identified nine large cohort studies that reported on miscarriage risk in an aggregated total of 4,638,974 pregnancies.
“Our literature search identified nine large cohort studies that reported on miscarriage risk in an aggregated total of 4,638,974 pregnancies (Table 2). 24-31”
From Miscarriage matters: the epidemiological, physical, psychological, and economic costs of early pregnancy loss (2021) · cites this paper as [27]
The guideline’s “Incidence and Definition” section discusses miscarriage risk using one retrospective registry study, but does not report a search identifying nine cohort studies or a total of 4,638,974 pregnancies. Searches for the total and for the cohort-study count found no passage addressing those figures. No page number is available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.74)
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Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- [2]American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists ACOG practice bulletin. Management of recurrent pregnancy loss. Number 24, February 2001. (Replaces Technical Bulletin Number 212, September 1995). American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2002 78 179 190 12360906
- [104]Roussev R G Acacio B Ng S C Duration of intralipidʼs suppressive effect on NK cellʼs functional activity Am J Reprod Immunol 2008 60 258 263 18782287
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Quenby, S., Gallos, I. D., Dhillon-Smith, R. K., Podesek, M., Stephenson, M. D., Fisher, J., Brosens, J. J., Brewin, J., Ramhorst, R., Lucas, E. S., et al. (2021) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(21)00682-6 · Cited by 1,560 · see citing works
Immunological Risk Factors in Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: Guidelines Versus Current State of the Art
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Toth, B., Würfel, W., Bohlmann, M., Zschocke, J., Rudnik-Schöneborn, S., Nawroth, F., Schleußner, E., Rogenhofer, N., Wischmann, T., von Wolff, M., Hancke, K., von Otte, S., Kuon, R., Feil, K., & Tempfer, C.
- Affiliations
- Klinik für Gynäkologische Endokrinologie und Reproduktionsmedizin, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Kinderwunsch Centrum München, München, Germany
- University Medical Centre Mannheim (DE)
- Universität Innsbruck (AT)
- Zentrum für Medizinische Genetik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Amedes MVZ Hamburg (DE)
- Jena University Hospital (DE)
- Klinikum der Universität München – Frauenklinik Maistraße, München, Germany
- University Hospital Heidelberg (DE)
- Universitätsklinik für Frauenheilkunde, Inselspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- University Hospital Ulm (DE)
- Kinderwunschzentrum, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
- Frauenklinik Heidelberg (DE)
- Innsbruck Medical University (AT)
- Universitätsfrauenklinik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Venue
- Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde
- Publisher
- Georg Thieme Verlag KG
- Published
- 2018-04
- Volume
- 78
- Issue
- 04
- Pages
- 364-381
- ISSN
- 0016-5751 (ISSN-L)
- 1438-8804
- PMC
- PMC5925690
- OpenAlex
- W2799801459
- Cited by
- 119
- References
- 163
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 5
- FWCI
- 5.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- de
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Bern Open Repository and Information System (University of Bern) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Open Access CRIS of the University of Bern
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Reproductive Health and Technologies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Health and Contraception
- Keywords
- recurrent pregnancy loss, diagnostic assessment, treatment, couples, chromosomal abnormalities, anatomical anomalies, endocrine disorders, hemostatic disorders, psychological factors, infectious factors, immune disorders, risk factors
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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