The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Trauma Management of the Auricle
Abstract
Smaller injuries of the auricle, such as lacerations without tissue loss, have more or less standardized treatment protocols that require thorough wound closure of each affected layer. Even extended lacerations of larger parts of the ear quite often heal with only minor irregularities. New in vivo diagnostic tools have aided the understanding of this outstanding "skin flap behavior." At the other end of the trauma severity spectrum are partial or complete amputations of the ear. Here, the debate has become more intense over the last decade. There were numerous reports of successful microvascular reattachments in the 1990s. Consequently, pocket methods and their variations have received increasing attention because the results seem to be convincing. Nevertheless, the pressure damage due to banking larger parts of the elastic cartilage in the mastoid region is tremendous, and the tissue for secondary reconstruction is severely injured. Particularly in cases of acute trauma with relevant concomitant injuries to the patient and in cases in which the amputated area is in a critical state, direct wound closure is a straightforward and safe option. Subsequent thoughtfully planned secondary reconstruction using ear or rib cartilage, or even allogenous material as an ear framework, can achieve excellent aesthetic results.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Selection of the surgical procedure to reconstruct the traumatic avulsed ear is driven by several factors including the injury mechanism and extent, the patient's comorbidity, and the surgeon's experience.
“Selection of the surgical procedure to reconstruct the traumatic avulsed ear is driven by several factors including the injury mechanism and extent, the patient's comorbidity, and the surgeon's experience.[3]”
From Auricular avulsion injuries (2022) · cites this paper as [3]
Citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Atypical replantation and reconstruction of frozen ear
Dvořák, Z., & Stupka, I. (2020) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000020068 · Cited by 12
“achieve equivalent reconstructive results to microvascular ear replantation.([5,23]) Jung reported that in 2011, 52 ear replantations had been”
ResultAl-Ali, M. A., & Abu-Zidan, F. M. (2022) · Turkish Journal of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.4103/2452-2473.342811 · Cited by 12
“These include the size and the condition of the avulsed segment, the status of the adjacent skin, the mechanism of injury, the patient’s comorbidities, availability of microsurgical techniques, and the surgeon’s experience.[3,10]”
BackgroundInfluentialTwo step reconstruction of traumatic ear skin avulsion using Integra graft
Daya, M., Anderson, I., Troyer, M., et al. (2018) · Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jormas.2018.08.001 · Cited by 5
Arterial only anastomosis associated with modified Baudet technique in ear replantation
Perțea, M., Ciobanu, P., Poroch, V., et al. (2021) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000025357 · Cited by 4
“Total recovery rate when venorraphy was not performed was 5 out of 8 cases, while when venorraphy was performed it was 13 out of 18 cases.([23]) Because this type of lesion is quite rare, a systematic review conducted byMomeni and published in 2015 showed that in the interval 1980–2013 in 40 articles 60 cases of ear r…”
BackgroundZhang, M., Tian, X., Shi, J., et al. (2016) · Annals of Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1097/sap.0000000000000908 · Cited by 4
Effect of Tissue Pedicle Position on Postoperative Recovery From Severe Auricular Laceration
Wang, W.-H., Wang, W.-S., Zhang, W., Jin, M., & Shao, Y. (2023) · The Journal of craniofacial surgery (Print) · doi:10.1097/scs.0000000000009665 · Cited by 1
Bascone, C. M., Lin, S. K., Deitermann, A. M., et al. (2024) · Dermatologic Surgery · doi:10.1097/dss.0000000000004209 · Cited by 2
“8 The BWM has the capability of promoting granulation tissue growth on top of the cartilage and even in defect sites with difficult contours, such as the nasal dorsum 8,22 – 24 (Figure 4).”
Management of traumatic auricular avulsion injury – partial and complete
Goldberg, A., & Kerr, R. (2025) · Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head & Neck Surgery · doi:10.1097/moo.0000000000001054 · Cited by 1
Yu, H. H., & Choi, Y. W. (2019) · Archives of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery · doi:10.14730/aaps.2019.01613
“There are several methods of treatment for an amputated ear, including direct reattachment, the pocket method, composite grafts, and microvascular repair [6,7].”
MethodComplex Pinna Lacerations and their Management
Gupta, K., Sood, R., Awasthi, P., & Kumar, A. (2022) · Archives of Trauma Research · doi:10.4103/atr.atr_38_22
A Unique Case of Pinna Reconstruction Following Partial Avulsion in a Rural Tertiary Care Centre
Darokar, R., Nagpure, P. S., Vishnoi, K., Dhalla, L., & Saha, S. (2025) · Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery · doi:10.1007/s12070-025-05385-9
“…is created, the ear is reattached, and the reattached portion of the ear is inserted into the pocket.40 The ear is removed from the pocket after 28 days. based on the theory that enlarging the area of vascular contact will improve the viability of large composite grafts after replantation [3].”
Epidemiology, Incidence of Infection, and Antibiotic Use in Pediatric Traumatic Ear Lacerations
Pazelli, A. M., Gates-Tanzer, L., Willborg, B. E., Srikumar, J. K., Mardini, S., Sharaf, B. A., Bite, U., & Gibreel, W. O. (2025) · Annals of Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1097/sap.0000000000004325
Surgical outcome following primary closure of auricular lacerations
Zwemstra, M. R., Geerse, S., de Wolf, M., et al. (2025) · European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology · doi:10.1007/s00405-025-09453-2
“The most frequent causes for auricular trauma are traffic accidents, accidents at home, sports injuries and assaults, including human and dog bites [6, 8].”
Comment on “Primary Reattachment of Near-Complete Ear Amputation: A Successful Outcome”
Zhou, H., Lian, C., Qiao, J., et al. (2025) · Ear Nose & Throat Journal · doi:10.1177/01455613251381161
Metadata
- Authors
- Frenzel, H., & Steffen, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Lübeck (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Steffen, Armin
- ORCID
- Steffen, Armin
- Venue
- Facial Plastic Surgery
- Publisher
- Georg Thieme Verlag KG
- Published
- 2015-09-15
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 04
- Pages
- 382-385
- ISSN
- 0736-6825 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-8793
- OpenAlex
- W2472463451
- Cited by
- 14
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 5 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 0.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Facial Plastic Surgery (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Reconstructive Facial Surgery Techniques
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Reconstructive Surgery and Microvascular Techniques
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Facial Trauma and Fracture Management
- Keywords
- ear amputation, ear reconstruction, auricular cartilage, costal cartilage, wound closure
- MeSH terms
- Amputation, Traumatic, Ear Deformities, Acquired, Humans, Replantation, Lacerations, Ear Auricle, Dermatologic Surgical Procedures
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
