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Trichome Dynamics and Artemisinin Accumulation during Development and Senescence of Artemisia annua Leaves
Open accessAbstract
Artemisinin is a sesquiterpene lactone endoperoxide and an important antimalarial drug produced in Artemisia annua. To unravel the diverse processes determining artemisinin yield in A. annua crops, artemisinin accumulation during the development of individual leaves was studied in two field experiments. During the life cycle of a leaf, artemisinin was always present. Quantities were low at leaf appearance and increased steadily. In leaves studied until after senescence, maximum quantities and concentrations were achieved after the leaf had turned brown. The total quantity of possible artemisinin precursors per leaf (dihydroartemisinic acid and other upstream precursors) was highest early in the leaf cycle when the leaf was still expanding. Dihydroartemisinic acid was more abundant than the other compounds and its quantity declined during leaf development whereas that of artemisinin increased. Dihydroartemisinic acid was not converted directly into artemisinin, because on a per leaf basis the decline in molar quantity of precursors in the earliest formed leaves was not compensated for by a simultaneous increase in artemisinin. Our results suggest that a (putative) intermediate such as dihydroartemisinic acid hydroperoxide temporarily may have accumulated in considerable quantities. The number of mature, capitate trichomes on the adaxial leaf side increased after leaf appearance until the end of leaf expansion, and then decreased, probably due to collapse of trichomes. Artemisinin production thus (also) occurred when trichomes were collapsing. Later formed leaves achieved higher concentrations of artemisinin than earlier formed leaves, because of a higher trichome density and a higher capacity per trichome.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Lommen, W. J., Schenk, E., Bouwmeester, H. J., & Verstappen, F. W.
- Affiliations
- Wageningen University & Research (NL)
- Venue
- Planta Medica
- Publisher
- Georg Thieme Verlag KG
- Published
- 2006-12
- Volume
- 72
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 336-345
- ISSN
- 0032-0943 (ISSN-L)
- 1439-0221
- OpenAlex
- W2014837193
- Cited by
- 119
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 2.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- de
- Open access
- green
- research.wur.nl
- Locations
- Planta Medica (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (acceptedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Sesquiterpenes and Asteraceae Studies
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Keywords
- artemisinin, Artemisia annua, trichomes, leaf senescence, leaf development, dihydroartemisinic acid, sesquiterpene lactone biosynthesis
- MeSH terms
- Antimalarials, Humans, Phytotherapy, Sesquiterpenes, Plant Leaves, Artemisia annua, Artemisinins
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