Blood glucose in the neonate and its clinical significance
Abstract
LEVELS of total reducing substance, true sugar and glucose have been measured in the blood of newborn infants since 1911. The early reports have been reviewed by Norval et al.1 , 2 Although an extensive literature exists, there is still disagreement over which levels of blood sugar are normal in the neonate and which are hypoglycemic or hyperglycemic. Much of this confusion results from differences in technics in collecting, precipitating and analyzing the sugar, as well as the duration of fasting before sampling. An attempt will be made to explain the differences in reported results, to present current data for normal ranges . . .
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During the first 24-48 hours of life, as normal neonates transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life, their plasma glucose concentrations are typically lower than later in life.
“During the first 24–48 hours of life, as normal neonates transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life, their plasma glucose (PG) concentrations are typically lower than later in life.1–3”
From Recommendations from the Pediatric Endocrine Society for evaluation and management of persistent hypoglycemia in neonates, infants, and children (2015) · cites this paper as [1]
In normal newborns, the mean plasma glucose concentration rises to >70 mg/dL after 48 hours of age.
“In normal newborns, the mean PG concentration rises to >70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L) after 48 hours of age.1”
From Recommendations from the Pediatric Endocrine Society for evaluation and management of persistent hypoglycemia in neonates, infants, and children (2015) · cites this paper as [1]
In normal newborn infants, plasma glucose concentration commonly decreases immediately after birth to levels below those in older infants and children.
“In normal newborn infants, PG concentration commonly decreases immediately after birth to levels below those in older infants and children.”
From Recommendations from the Pediatric Endocrine Society for evaluation and management of persistent hypoglycemia in neonates, infants, and children (2015) · cites this paper as [1]
As the glucose-stimulated insulin secretion mechanism matures, mean plasma glucose concentration in normal newborns increases and by 72 hours of age is similar to those in older infants and children.
“As the glucose stimulated-insulin secretion mechanism matures, mean PG concentration in normal newborns increases and by 72 hours of age is similar to those in older infants and children1,2”
From Recommendations from the Pediatric Endocrine Society for evaluation and management of persistent hypoglycemia in neonates, infants, and children (2015) · cites this paper as [1]
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- Authors
- Cornblath, M., & Reisner, S. H.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- Bnai Zion Medical Center (IL)
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 1965-08-12
- Volume
- 273
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 378-381
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- OpenAlex
- W2024326266
- Cited by
- 190
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 17.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Neonatal Health and Biochemistry
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Keywords
- neonatal blood glucose, hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, neonates, reducing substances
- MeSH terms
- Blood Glucose, Glucose, Humans, Hyperglycemia, Hypoglycemia, Hypoglycemic Agents, Infant, Newborn, Insulin, Reference Values
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