The DOI matches its Crossref record; 47 of the 50 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
High-Density Lipoprotein — The Clinical Implications of Recent Studies
Abstract
DESPITE early observations suggesting an inverse relation between serum levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and coronary disease,1 2 3 the possible protective role of HDL in atherogenesis received little attention until its "rediscovery" by Miller and Miller4 in 1975 and the publication of confirmatory results from the Honolulu,5 Framingham,6 and Tromsø7 heart studies in 1976 and 1977. In the ensuing decade, research into the biochemistry, metabolism, epidemiology, and genetics of HDL has expanded rapidly, but many questions remain unanswered. The recent publication of the results of the Helsinki Heart Study8 , 9 — in which simultaneous 11 percent increases in HDL and reductions . . .
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“there is an inverse relationship between serum HDL levels and the risk of coronary heart disease49,50.”
From Perspectives and opportunities for nanomedicine in the management of atherosclerosis (2011) · cites this paper as [50]
Citations
Cites
High density lipoprotein as a protective factor against coronary heart disease
Gordon, T., Castelli, W. P., Hjortland, M. C., Kannel, W. B., & Dawber, T. R. (1977) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/0002-9343(77)90874-9 · Cited by 5,059
Helsinki Heart Study: Primary-Prevention Trial with Gemfibrozil in Middle-Aged Men with Dyslipidemia
Frick, M. H., Elo, O., Haapa, K., Heinonen, O. P., Heinsalmi, P., Helo, P., Huttunen, J. K., Kaitaniemi, P., Koskinen, P., Manninen, V., et al. (1987) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198711123172001 · Cited by 3,881
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and cardiovascular disease. Four prospective American studies.
Gordon, D. J., Probstfield, J. L., Garrison, R. J., Neaton, J. D., Castelli, W. P., Knoke, J. D., Jacobs, D. R., Bangdiwala, S., & Tyroler, H. A. (1989) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.79.1.8 · Cited by 3,162
Self-citationPLASMA-HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CONCENTRATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF ISCHÆMIC HEART-DISEASE
Miller, G. J., & Miller, N. E. (1975) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(75)92376-4 · Cited by 2,621
Incidence of Coronary Heart Disease and Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels
Castelli, W. P. (1986) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.256.20.2835 · Cited by 2,512
Goodman, D. S. (1988) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.1988.00380010040006 · Cited by 2,458
The plasma lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase reaction
Glomset, J. A. (1968) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)43114-1 · Cited by 2,396
Fifteen year mortality in Coronary Drug Project patients: long-term benefit with niacin
Canner, P. L., Berge, K. G., Wenger, N. K., Stamler, J., Friedman, L., Prineas, R. J., & Friedewald, W. (1986) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(86)80293-5 · Cited by 1,824
Blankenhorn, D. H. (1987) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1987.03390230069027 · Cited by 1,654
Mattson, F. H., & Grundy, S. M. (1985) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)34389-3 · Cited by 1,354
High density lipoprotein metabolism.
Eisenberg, S. (1984) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)37713-0 · Cited by 1,212
Miller, N. E., Thelle, D. S., Førde, O. H., & Mjøs, O. D. (1977) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(77)92274-7 · Cited by 1,206
Lipid Alterations and Decline in the Incidence of Coronary Heart Disease in the Helsinki Heart Study
Manninen, V. (1988) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1988.03410050061031 · Cited by 954
The Role of Lipids and Lipoproteins in Atherosclerosis
Gofman, J. W., Lindgren, F. T., Elliott, H. A., Mantz, W., Hewitt, J. E., Strisower, B., Herring, V. V., & Lyon, T. P. (1950) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.111.2877.166 · Cited by 921
Serum Lipoproteins and Coronary Heart Disease in a Population Study of Hawaii Japanese Men
Rhoads, G. G., Gulbrandsen, C. L., & Kagan, A. (1976) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm197602052940601 · Cited by 876
Lipoprotein metabolism in diabetes mellitus.
Howard, B. V. (1987) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)38659-4 · Cited by 640
Protein-lipid relationships in human plasma
Barr, D. P., Russ, E. M., & Eder, H. A. (1951) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/0002-9343(51)90183-0 · Cited by 635
Diet, Lipoproteins, and the Progression of Coronary Atherosclerosis
Arntzenius, A. C., Kromhout, D., Barth, J. D., Reiber, J. H. C., Bruschke, A. V. G., Buis, B., van Gent, C. M., Kempen-Voogd, N., Strikwerda, S., & van der Velde, E. A. (1985) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198503283121301 · Cited by 498
Miller, N. E. (1987) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/0002-8703(87)90638-7 · Cited by 468
Levy, R. I., Brensike, J. F., Epstein, S. E., Kelsey, S. F., Passamani, E. R., Richardson, J. M., Loh, I. K., Stone, N. J., Aldrich, R. F., & Battaglini, J. W. (1984) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.69.2.325 · Cited by 437
Sex, plasma lipoproteins, and atherosclerosis: Prevailing assumptions and outstanding questions
Godsland, I. F., Wynn, V., Crook, D., & Miller, N. E. (1987) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/0002-8703(87)90552-7 · Cited by 322
Contractile performance of the hypertrophied ventricle in patients with systemic hypertension.
Takahashi, M., Sasayama, S., Kawai, C., & Kotoura, H. (1980) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.62.1.116 · Cited by 302
Gordon, D. J., Knoke, J. D., Probstfield, J. L., Superko, H. R., & Tyroler, H. A. (1986) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.74.6.1217 · Cited by 289
Self-citationHigh density lipoprotein distribution
Anderson, D. W., Nichols, A. V., Pan, S., & Lindgren, F. T. (1978) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/0021-9150(78)90005-9 · Cited by 283
Estrogen Use and All-Cause Mortality
Bush, T. L. (1983) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1983.03330310033022 · Cited by 280
Interrelations of lipids and lipoproteins with coronary artery disease mortality in 19 countries
Simons, L. A. (1986) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/0002-9149(86)90659-4 · Cited by 229
Schaefer, E. J. (1984) · Arteriosclerosis An Official Journal of the American Heart Association Inc · doi:10.1161/01.atv.4.4.303 · Cited by 174
Goldbourt, U., Holtzman, E. J., & Neufeld, H. N. (1985) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.290.6477.1239 · Cited by 170
Plasma High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Level
Hulley, S. B. (1977) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.238.21.2269 · Cited by 167
Knuiman, J. T., West, C. E., Katan, M., & Hautvast, J. G. (1987) · Arteriosclerosis An Official Journal of the American Heart Association Inc · doi:10.1161/01.atv.7.6.612 · Cited by 146
Humphries, S. E. (1988) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/0021-9150(88)90069-x · Cited by 139
Pocock, S., Shaper, A. G., Phillips, A. N., Walker, M., & Whitehead, T. P. (1986) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.292.6519.515 · Cited by 127
Watkins, L. O., Neaton, J. D., & Kuller, L. H. (1986) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/0002-9149(86)90831-3 · Cited by 112
ALPHA LIPOPROTEIN (HDL) CHOLESTEROL IN THE SERUM AND THE RISK OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE AND DEATH
Keys, A. B. (1980) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(80)90280-9 · Cited by 111
Anderson, K. M., Wilson, P. W. F., Garrison, R. J., & Castelli, W. P. (1987) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/0021-9150(87)90094-3 · Cited by 108
Plasma lipids and lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations in people with different diets in Britain.
Thorogood, M., Carter, R., Benfield, L., McPherson, K., & Mann, J. I. (1987) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.295.6594.351 · Cited by 104
Enger, S. C., Hjermann, I., FOSS, O. P., Helgeland, A., Holme, I., Leren, P., & Norum, K. R. (1979) · PubMed · Cited by 98
Hyperalpha- and hypobeta-lipoproteinemia in octogenarian kindreds
Glueck, C. J., Gartside, P. S., Steiner, P. M., Miller, M., Todhunter, T., ten Haaf, J., Pucke, M., Terrana, M., Fallat, R. W., & Kashyap, M. L. (1977) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/0021-9150(77)90159-9 · Cited by 76
HDL Serum Cholesterol and 24–Year Mortality of Men in Finland
Keys, A. B., KARVONEN, M. J., Punsar, S., Menotti, A., Fidanza, F., & Farchi, G. (1984) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/13.4.428 · Cited by 74
Sheridan, M. D. (1975) · PubMed · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(75)90187-7 · Cited by 73
Plasma Lipoprotein Levels in Vegetarians
Sacks, F. M. (1985) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.254.10.1337 · Cited by 72
Apolipoprotein A-I, A-II and C-II in black and white residents of Evans County.
Tyroler, H. A., HEISS, G. M., Schonfeld, G., Cooper, G. R., Heyden, S., & Hames, C. G. (1980) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.62.2.249 · Cited by 67
High density lipoprotein subfractions and coronary risk factors in normal men.
Robinson, D., Ferns, G., Bevan, E. A., Stocks, J., Williams, P. T., & Galton, D. J. (1987) · Arteriosclerosis An Official Journal of the American Heart Association Inc · doi:10.1161/01.atv.7.4.341 · Cited by 65
Wiklund, O., Wilhelmsen, L., Elmfeldt, D., Wedel, H., Válek, J., & Gustafson, A. (1980) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/0021-9150(80)90092-1 · Cited by 34
Superko, H. R. (1986) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.256.19.2714 · Cited by 30
Dwyer, T., Calvert, G. D., Baghurst, K. I., & LEITCH, D. R. (1981) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113239 · Cited by 22
Gemfibrozil, Lipids, and Coronary Risk
Rifkind, B. M. (1987) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198711123172008 · Cited by 17
Self-citation
Research works printed but not linked: 10
- Gofman, 1954, Plasma, 2, 413
- Hulley, 1977, JAMA, 238, 2269, 10.1001/jama.1977.03280220037017 · DOI
- Ernst, 1980, Circulation, 62, IV-41
- Sacks, 1985, JAMA, 254, 1337, 10.1001/jama.1985.03360100087019 · DOI
- Davis, 1980, Circulation, 62, IV-24
- Enger, 1979, Artery, 5, 170
- Levy, 1987, Circulation, 76, IV-167
- Superko, 1986, JAMA, 256, 2714, 10.1001/jama.1986.03380190084030 · DOI
- Hunninghake D, Gordon DJ, Tamir I, Rifkind BM. Management of hyperlipidemia. In: Pradhan SN, Maickel RP, Dutta SN, eds. Textbook of pharmacology. Bethesda, Md.: SP Press International, 1986:617–33.
- Castelli, 1986, JAMA, 256, 2835, 10.1001/jama.1986.03380200073024 · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Lusis, A. J. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35025203 · Cited by 4,880
Rubins, H. B., Robins, S. J., Collins, D., Fye, C. L., Anderson, J. W., Elam, M. B., Faas, F. H., Linares, E., Schaefer, E. J., Schectman, G., et al. (1999) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199908053410604 · Cited by 3,439
Brown, G., Albers, J. J., Fisher, L. D., Schaefer, S. M., Lin, J.-T., Kaplan, C., Zhao, X.-Q., Bisson, B. D., Fitzpatrick, V. F., & Dodge, H. T. (1990) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199011083231901 · Cited by 2,159
Borén, J., Chapman, M. J., Krauss, R. M., Packard, C. J., Bentzon, J. F., Binder, C. J., Daemen, M. J., Demer, L. L., Hegele, R. A., Nicholls, S. J., et al. (2020) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehz962 · Cited by 1,601
Effect of dietary fatty acids on serum lipids and lipoproteins. A meta-analysis of 27 trials
Mensink, R. P., & Katan, M. B. (1992) · Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis: A Journal of Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.12.8.911 · Cited by 1,477
“026 mmol/l) decrease in HDL cholesterol.(56) A causal relation between changes in HDL cholesterol and changes in risk is credible but not proven.”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Desforges, J. F., Gordon, D. J., & Rifkind, B. M.
- Affiliations
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (US)
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 1989-11-09
- Volume
- 321
- Issue
- 19
- Pages
- 1311-1316
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- OpenAlex
- W2339616051
- Cited by
- 1,547
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 36 · 2015: 47 · 2014: 42 · 2013: 42 · 2012: 38
- FWCI
- 9.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Paraoxonase enzyme and polymorphisms
- Keywords
- high-density lipoprotein, HDL cholesterol, coronary artery disease, atherogenesis, cardioprotection, HDL metabolism, Helsinki Heart Study
- MeSH terms
- Coronary Disease, Humans, Lipoproteins, HDL, Cholesterol, HDL
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review