Cited by 279Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsDiabetes Treatment and ManagementDiabetes Management and Research

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 59 of the 59 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Carbohydrate Metabolism in Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

Dinneen, Sean, Gerich, John, Rizza, Robert·1992·New England Journal of Medicine

DOI 10.1056/nejm199209033271007

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

DIABETES mellitus is characterized by both fasting hyperglycemia and exaggerated postprandial increases in the plasma glucose level. Understanding the causes of these abnormalities is important for the rational use of current treatments and for developing more effective therapy. In this seminar, we review the physiology of normal carbohydrate metabolism and the pathophysiology of abnormalities in diabetes mellitus.Normal Physiology: Postabsorptive StateThe term "postabsorptive state" refers to the period 6 to 12 hours after a meal during which the transition from the postprandial to the fasting state occurs. At this time plasma glucose levels are at a nearly steady state; . . .

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1056/nejm199209033271007

Cites

59 of 59 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

The glucose fatty-acid cycle. Its role in insulin sensitivity and the metabolic disturbances of diabetes mellitus
Randle, P. J., Garland, P. B., Hales, C. N., & Newsholme, E. A. (1963) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(63)91500-9 · Cited by 5,093
Pathogenesis of NIDDM. A balanced overview.
DeFronzo, R. A., Bonadonna, R. C., & Ferrannini, E. (1992) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.15.3.318 · Cited by 2,085
Effect of fatty acids on glucose production and utilization in man.
Ferrannini, E., Barrett, E. J., Bevilacqua, S., & DeFronzo, R. A. (1983) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci111133 · Cited by 1,050
Liver and kidney metabolism during prolonged starvation
Owen, O. E., Felig, P., Morgan, A. P., Wahren, J., & Cahill, G. F. (1969) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci106016 · Cited by 871
The glucose-alanine cycle
Felig, P. (1973) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0026-0495(73)90269-2 · Cited by 807
Insulin Resistance — Mechanisms, Syndromes, and Implications
Epstein, F. H., Moller, D. E., & Flier, J. S. (1991) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199109263251307 · Cited by 807
Banting lecture 1990. Beta-cells in type II diabetes mellitus
Porte, D. (1991) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.40.2.166 · Cited by 599
Role of Reduced Suppression of Glucose Production and Diminished Early Insulin Release in Impaired Glucose Tolerance
Mitrakou, A., Kelley, D., Mokan, M., Veneman, T., Pangburn, T., Reilly, J., & Gerich, J. (1992) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199201023260104 · Cited by 595
Self-citation
Quantitation of Hepatic Glycogenolysis And Gluconeogenesis in Fasting Humans With 13 C NMR
Rothman, D. L., Magnusson, I., Katz, L. D., Shulman, R. G., & Shulman, G. I. (1991) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1948033 · Cited by 546
The Disposal of an Oral Glucose Load in Healthy Subjects: A Quantitative Study
Ferrannini, E., Bjorkman, O., Reichard, G. A., Pilo, A., Olsson, M., Wahren, J., & DeFronzo, R. A. (1985) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.34.6.580 · Cited by 439
Predominant Role of Gluconeogenesis in Increased Hepatic Glucose Production in NIDDM
Consoli, A., Nurjhan, N., Capani, F., & Gerich, J. E. (1989) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.38.5.550 · Cited by 406
Self-citation
Relationships between insulin secretion, insulin action, and fasting plasma glucose concentration in nondiabetic and noninsulin-dependent diabetic subjects.
Bogardus, C., Lillioja, S., Howard, B. V., Reaven, G. M., & Mott, D. M. (1984) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci111533 · Cited by 397
THE QUANTITATIVELY MINOR ROLE OF CARBOHYDRATE IN OXIDATIVE METABOLISM BY SKELETAL MUSCLE IN INTACT MAN IN THE BASAL STATE. MEASUREMENTS OF OXYGEN AND GLUCOSE UPTAKE AND CARBON DIOXIDE AND LACTATE PRODUCTION IN THE FOREARM 12
Andres, R., Cader, G., & Zierler, K. L. (1956) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci103324 · Cited by 389
Mechanism for the stimulation of gluconeogenesis by fatty acids in perfused rat liver.
WILLIAMSON, J. R., Kreisberg, R. A., & Felts, P. W. (1966) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.56.1.247 · Cited by 387
Skeletal muscle glycolysis, oxidation, and storage of an oral glucose load.
Kelley, D. E., Mitrakou, A., Marsh, H. W., Schwenk, F. W., Benn, J., Sonnenberg, G. E., Arcangeli, M. A., Aoki, T. T., Sorensen, J., & Berger, M. (1988) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci113489 · Cited by 327
Contribution of Abnormal Muscle and Liver Glucose Metabolism to Postprandial Hyperglycemia in NIDDM
Mitrakou, A., Kelley, D., Veneman, T., Jenssen, T., Pangburn, T., Reilly, J., & Gerich, J. (1990) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.39.11.1381 · Cited by 317
Self-citation
The disposal of an oral glucose load in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes
Ferrannini, E., Simonson, D. C., Katz, L. D., Reichard, G., Bevilacqua, S., Barrett, E. J., Olsson, M., & DeFronzo, R. A. (1988) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0026-0495(88)90033-9 · Cited by 305
Insulinotropic Action of Glucagonlike Peptide-I-(7–37) in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Subjects
Nathan, D. M., Schreiber, E., Fogel, H., Mojsov, S., & Habener, J. F. (1992) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.15.2.270 · Cited by 289
Postprandial hyperglycemia in patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Role of hepatic and extrahepatic tissues.
Firth, R. G., Bell, P. M., Marsh, H. W., Hansen, I., & Rizza, R. A. (1986) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci112467 · Cited by 284
Self-citation
The glucose paradox. Is glucose a substrate for liver metabolism?
Katz, J. J., & McGarry, J. (1984) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci111610 · Cited by 278
Role of Lipid Oxidation in Pathogenesis of Insulin Resistance of Obesity and Type II Diabetes
Jp, F., Ferrannini, E., Golay, A., Meyer, H. U., Theibaud, D., Curchod, B., Maeder, E., Jéquier, E., & DeFronzo, R. A. (1987) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.36.11.1341 · Cited by 277
Free fatty acid oxidation by forearm muscle at rest, and evidence for an intramuscular lipid pool in the human forearm.
Dagenais, G. R., Tancredi, R. G., & Zierler, K. L. (1976) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci108486 · Cited by 238
Physiological Importance of Deficiency in Early Prandial Insulin Secretion in Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes
Bruce, D. G., Chisholm, D. J., Storlien, L. H., & Kraegen, E. W. (1988) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.37.6.736 · Cited by 232
Initial splanchnic extraction of ingested glucose in normal man
Radziuk, J., McDonald, T. J., Rubenstein, D., & Dupre, J. (1978) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0026-0495(78)90003-3 · Cited by 207
Mechanism of increased gluconeogenesis in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Role of alterations in systemic, hepatic, and muscle lactate and alanine metabolism.
Consoli, A., Nurjhan, N., Reilly, J. J., Bier, D. M., & Gerich, J. E. (1990) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci114940 · Cited by 206
Self-citation
Hepatic metabolism of free fatty acids in normal and diabetic dogs
Basso, L. V., & Havel, R. J. (1970) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci106264 · Cited by 203
The insulin and glucose responses to meals of glucose plus various proteins in type II diabetic subjects
Gannon, M. C., Nuttall, F. Q., Neil, B. J., & Westphal, S. A. (1988) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0026-0495(88)90072-8 · Cited by 200
Increased lipolysis and its consequences on gluconeogenesis in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Nurjhan, N., Consoli, A., & Gerich, J. E. (1992) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci115558 · Cited by 193
Self-citation
Determination of Krebs cycle metabolic carbon exchange in vivo and its use to estimate the individual contributions of gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis to overall glucose output in man.
Consoli, A., Kennedy, F., Miles, J., & Gerich, J. (1987) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci113206 · Cited by 170
Self-citation
HYPERGLYCEMIA INHIBITS GLUCOSE PRODUCTION IN MAN INDEPENDENT OF CHANGES IN GLUCOREGULATORY HORMONES
Saccà, L., Hendler, R., & Sherwin, R. S. (1978) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-47-5-1160 · Cited by 151
Differential Time Course of Glucagon's Effect on Glycogenolysis and Gluconeogenesis in the Conscious Dog
Cherrington, A. D., Williams, P. E., Shulman, G. I., & LACY, W. W. (1981) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.30.3.180 · Cited by 142
Impact of glucose ingestion on hepatic and peripheral glucose metabolism in man: an analysis based on simultaneous use of the forearm and double isotope techniques.
Jackson, R. A., Roshania, R. D., Hawa, M., Sim, B. M., & Disilvio, L. (1986) · Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-63-3-541 · Cited by 128
Relationship between the plasma glucose level and glucose uptake in the conscious dog
Cherrington, A. D., Williams, P. E., & Harris, M. (1978) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0026-0495(78)90213-5 · Cited by 127
Contribution to Postprandial Hyperglycemia and Effect on Initial Splanchnic Glucose Clearance of Hepatic Glucose Cycling in Glucose-Intolerant or NIDDM Patients
Butler, P. C., & Rizza, R. A. (1991) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.40.1.73 · Cited by 127
Self-citation
Sources of carbon for hepatic glycogen synthesis in the conscious dog.
Moore, M. C., Cherrington, A. D., Cline, G. W., Pagliassotti, M. J., Jones, E. M., Neal, D. W., Badet, C., & Shulman, G. I. (1991) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci115342 · Cited by 126
Effects of Lipid on Basal Carbohydrate Metabolism in Normal Men
Boden, G. H., & Jadali, F. (1991) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.40.6.686 · Cited by 126
Effects of Tolazamide and Exogenous Insulin on Insulin Action in Patients with Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Firth, R. G., Bell, P. M., & Rizza, R. A. (1986) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198605153142003 · Cited by 122
Self-citation
Understanding “insulin resistance”: Both glucose resistance and insulin resistance are required to model human diabetes
Rudenski, A. S., Matthews, D. R., Lévy, J., & Turner, R. C. (1991) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0026-0495(91)90065-5 · Cited by 118
Effects of size, time of day and sequence of meal ingestion on carbohydrate tolerance in normal subjects
Service, F. J., Hall, L. D., Westland, R. E., O’Brien, P. C., Go, V. L. W., Haymond, M. W., & Rizza, R. A. (1983) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/bf00253193 · Cited by 98
Self-citation
Effects of Co-ingestion of Fat and Protein Upon Carbohydrate-Induced Hyperglycemia
Estrich, D. L., Ravnik, A., Schlierf, G., Fukayama, G., & Kinsell, L. W. (1967) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.16.4.232 · Cited by 89
Insulin plus a Sulfonylurea Agent for Treating Type 2 Diabetes
Peters, A. L. (1991) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-115-1-45 · Cited by 81
Free fatty acid metabolism of the human heart at rest
Most, A. S., Brachfeld, N., Gorlin, R., & Wahren, J. (1969) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci106082 · Cited by 81
Metabolism of free fatty acids by myocardium and kidney
Gold, M., & Spitzer, J. J. (1964) · American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content · doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1964.206.1.153 · Cited by 78
No Reduction in Total Hepatic Glucose Output by Inhibition of Gluconeogenesis With Ethanol in NIDDM Patients
Puhakainen, I., Koivisto, V. A., & Yki‐Järvinen, H. (1991) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.40.10.1319 · Cited by 76
Increased activity of the glucose cycle in the liver: early characteristic of type 2 diabetes.
Efendić, S., Wajngot, A., & Vranić, M. (1985) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.82.9.2965 · Cited by 72
Hepatic glucose production in insulin‐resistant states
Ferrannini, E., & Groop, L. C. (1989) · Diabetes/Metabolism Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmr.5610050806 · Cited by 72
Effects of Basal Insulin Supplementation on Disposition of Mixed Meal in Obese Patients With NIDDM
McMahon, M., Marsh, H. W., & Rizza, R. A. (1989) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.38.3.291 · Cited by 71
Self-citation
Kinetics of Insulin-Mediated and Non-Insulin-Mediated Glucose Uptake in Humans
Edelman, S. V., Laakso, M., Wallace, P., Brechtel, G., Olefsky, J. M., & Baron, A. (1990) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.39.8.955 · Cited by 70
On gluconeogenesis of human liver
Dietze, G., WICKLMAYR, M., Hepp, K. D., Bogner, W., Mehnert, H., Czempiel, H., & Henftling, H. G. (1976) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/bf01220631 · Cited by 66
Magnitude of Negative Arterial-Portal Glucose Gradient Alters Net Hepatic Glucose Balance in Conscious Dogs
Pagliassotti, M. J., Myers, S. R., Moore, M. C., Neal, D. W., & Cherrington, A. D. (1991) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.40.12.1659 · Cited by 65
Glyburide Enhances the Responsiveness of the β-Cell to Glucose but Does not Correct the Abnormal Patterns of Insulin Secretion in Noninsulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus*
Shapiro, E. T., Cauter, E. V., TILLIL, H., Given, B. D., Hirsch, L. J., Beebe, C., Rubenstein, A. H., & Polonsky, K. S. (1989) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-69-3-571 · Cited by 54
Comparison of the Pattern of Postprandial Carbohydrate Metabolism After Ingestion of a Glucose Drink or a Mixed Meal*
McMahon, M., Marsh, H. M., & Rizza, R. A. (1989) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-68-3-647 · Cited by 53
Self-citation
Carbohydrate Oxidation and Storage in Obese Non-insulin-dependent Diabetic Patients: Effects of Improving Glycemic Control
Boden, G. H., Ray, T. K., SMITH, R. H., & Owen, O. E. (1983) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.32.11.982 · Cited by 53
Decreased Activation of Skeletal Muscle Glycogen Synthase by Mixed-Meal Ingestion in NIDDM
Wright, K. S., Beck‐Nielsen, H., Kolterman, O., & Mandarino, L. J. (1988) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.37.4.436 · Cited by 52
Normal alanine-glucose relationships and their changes in diabetic patients before and after insulin treatment.
Hall, S. E., Braaten, J. T., McKendry, J. B., Bolton, T. M., Foster, D. P., & Berman, M. D. (1979) · PubMed · Cited by 40
Effect of Insulin on Oxidation of Intracellularly and Extracellularly Derived Glucose in Patients With NIDDM: Evidence for Primary Defect in Glucose Transport and/or Phosphorylation but Not Oxidation
Butler, P. C., Kryshak, E. J., Marsh, M., & Rizza, R. A. (1990) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.39.11.1373 · Cited by 39
Self-citation
Failure of glyburide and insulin treatment to decrease leucine flux in obese type II diabetic patients.
Welle, S. L., & Nair, K. S. (1990) · PubMed · Cited by 31
Effects of Tolazamide and Exogenous Insulin on Pattern of Postprandial Carbohydrate Metabolism in Patients With Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus: Results of Randomized Crossover Trial
Firth, R. G., Bell, P. M., Marsh, M., & Rizza, R. A. (1987) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.36.10.1130 · Cited by 22
Self-citation
The effects of carbohydrate-enriched meals on glucose turnover and metabolic clearance rates of glucose in Type 2 diabetic patients
Osei, K., Falko, J. M., Fields, P. G., Bossetti, B. M., & O’Dorisio, T. M. (1986) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/bf00456118 · Cited by 7

Research works printed but not linked: 8

Consoli, 1990, Am J Physiol, 259, E677
Radziuk, 1989, Am J Physiol, 257, E145
Lang, 1986, Am J Physiol, 251, E584
Youn, 1990, Am J Physiol, 258, E899
Hall, 1979, Diabetes, 28, 737
Brosnan, 1982, Fed Proc, 41, 91
Hetenyi, 1982, Fed Proc, 41, 104
Welle, 1990, Int J Obes, 14, 701

Sorted by citations

Type 2 diabetes: principles of pathogenesis and therapy
Stumvoll, M., Goldstein, B. J., & van Haeften, T. W. (2005) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(05)61032-x · Cited by 2,662
Contributions of Fasting and Postprandial Plasma Glucose Increments to the Overall Diurnal Hyperglycemia of Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Monnier, L., Lapinski, H., & Colette, C. (2003) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.26.3.881 · Cited by 1,461
PGC-1α: a key regulator of energy metabolism
Liang, H., & Ward, W. F. (2006) · AJP Advances in Physiology Education · doi:10.1152/advan.00052.2006 · Cited by 1,291
Evidence-based nutrition principles and recommendations for the treatment and prevention of diabetes and related complications
Franz, M. J., Bantle, J. P., Beebe, C. A., Brunzell, J. D., Chiasson, J.-L., Garg, A., Holzmeister, L. A., Hoogwerf, B., Mayer-Davis, E., Mooradian, A. D., et al. (2002) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.25.1.148 · Cited by 1,165
Metabolic effects of metformin in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
Stumvoll, M., Nurjhan, N., Perriello, G., Dailey, G., & Gerich, J. E. (1995) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199508313330903 · Cited by 1,148
Self-citation

See all 279

Authors: Dinneen, S., Gerich, J., & Rizza, R.
Affiliations: From the Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. (S.D., R.R.), and the Department of Biochemistry, Whittier Institute for Diabetes and Endocrinology, La Jolla, Calif. (J.G.). Address reprint requests to Dr. Rizza at the Endocrine Research Unit, Rm. 5–164, W. Joseph Bldg., Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905.
Mayo Clinic (US)
Venue: New England Journal of Medicine
Publisher: Massachusetts Medical Society
Published: 1992-09-03
Volume: 327
Issue: 10
Pages: 707-713
ISSN: 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
1533-4406
DOI: 10.1056/nejm199209033271007
OpenAlex: W2074366941
Cited by: 279
References: 59
Citations by year: 2025: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 14
FWCI: 2.28
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK-20411, DK 29953)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
Keywords: carbohydrate metabolism, type 2 diabetes, fasting hyperglycemia, postprandial hyperglycemia, postabsorptive state, plasma glucose regulation, diabetes pathophysiology
MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans, Carbohydrate Metabolism

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Carbohydrate Metabolism in Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks