Cited by 406Cardiovascular and Diving-Related ComplicationsCongenital Heart Disease StudiesCardiac Structural Anomalies and Repair

A comparison of surgical and medical therapy for atrial septal defect in adults

Open access
Konstantinides, Stavros, Geibel, Annette, Olschewski, Manfred, Görnandt, Lothar, Roskamm, Helmut, Spillner, Gerhard, Just, Hanjörg, Kasper, Wolfgang·1995·New England Journal of Medicine

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The surgical closure of an atrial septal defect is frequently recommended for patients over 40 years of age. However, the prognosis for such patients with unrepaired defects is largely unknown, and the outcome for patients operated on after the fourth decade of life has not yet been compared with that for medically treated patients in a controlled follow-up study. METHODS: In a retrospective study, we examined the clinical course of 179 consecutive patients with isolated atrial septal defects diagnosed after the age of 40. The 84 patients (47 percent) who underwent surgical repair were compared with the 95 patients (53 percent) who were treated medically. The mean (+/-SD) follow-up period was 8.9 +/- 5.2 years (range, 1 to 26). RESULTS: Multivariate analysis revealed that surgical closure of the defect significantly reduced mortality from all causes (relative risk, 0.31; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.11 to 0.85). The adjusted 10-year survival rate of surgically treated patients was 95 percent, as compared with 84 percent for the medically treated patients. In addition, surgical treatment prevented functional deterioration, as measured by the New York Heart Association class (relative risk, 0.21; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.08 to 0.55). However, the incidence of new atrial arrhythmias or of cerebrovascular insults in the two groups was not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS: The surgical repair of an atrial septal defect in patients over 40 years of age, as compared with medical therapy, increases long-term survival and limits the deterioration of function due to heart failure. However, surgically treated patients should be followed closely for the onset of atrial arrhythmias so as to reduce the risk of thromboembolic complications.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1056/nejm199508243330801

Cites

22 of 22 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Konstantinides, S., Geibel, A., Olschewski, M., Görnandt, L., Roskamm, H., Spillner, G., Just, H., & Kasper, W.
Affiliations
  • University of Freiburg (DE)
  • University Medical Center Freiburg (DE)
  • Universitäts-Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen (DE)
  • St. Josefs Hospital (DE)
Venue
New England Journal of Medicine
Published
1995-08-24
Volume
333
Issue
8
Pages
469-473
ISSN
  • 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
  • 1533-4406
OpenAlex
W2033239948
Cited by
406
References
21
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 23
FWCI
8.08
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • FreiDok plus (Universitätsbibliothek Freiburg) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Cardiovascular and Diving-Related Complications
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Congenital Heart Disease Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cardiac Structural Anomalies and Repair
Keywords
atrial septal defect, surgical closure, medical therapy, adults, long-term survival, mortality, heart failure, functional decline, atrial arrhythmias, thromboembolism
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Cardiovascular Diseases, Digitalis Glycosides, Diuretics, Female, Heart Septal Defects, Atrial, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nitrates, Postoperative Complications, Retrospective Studies, Risk, Severity of Illness Index, Incidence, Multivariate Analysis, Proportional Hazards Models, Survival Analysis

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review