The DOI matches its Crossref record; 20 of the 22 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Prevalence of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), a premalignant plasma-cell disorder, among persons 50 years of age or older has not been accurately determined. We used sensitive laboratory techniques to ascertain the prevalence of MGUS in a large population in a well-defined geographic area. METHODS: We identified all living residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, as of January 1, 1995. We obtained serum that remained after the performance of routine clinical tests at Mayo Clinic or asked subjects for whom such serum was unavailable to provide a sample. Agarose-gel electrophoresis was performed on all serum samples, and any serum sample with a discrete band of monoclonal protein or thought to have a localized band was subjected to immunofixation. RESULTS: Serum samples were obtained from 21,463 of the 28,038 enumerated residents 50 years of age or older (76.6 percent). MGUS was identified in 694 (3.2 percent) of these persons. Age-adjusted rates were higher in men than in women (4.0 percent vs. 2.7 percent, P<0.001). The prevalence of MGUS was 5.3 percent among persons 70 years of age or older and 7.5 percent among those 85 years of age or older. The concentration of monoclonal immunoglobulin was less than 1.0 g per deciliter in 63.5 percent and at least 2.0 g per deciliter in only 4.5 percent of 694 persons. The concentration of uninvolved immunoglobulins was reduced in 27.7 percent of 447 persons tested, and 21.5 percent of 79 tested had a monoclonal urinary light chain. CONCLUSIONS: Among residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, MGUS was found in 3.2 percent of persons 50 years of age or older and 5.3 percent of persons 70 years of age or older.
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“This tumor does not develop rapidly; instead, it may take decades for symptoms and organ damage to manifest.4-8”
From Evolution of Multiple Myeloma from a Genomic Perspective (2026) · cites this paper as [5]
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“MM is well-described to be universally preceded by precursor states, often decades before it is even diagnosed.”
From Evolution of Multiple Myeloma from a Genomic Perspective (2026) · cites this paper as [5]
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“Several epidemiological studies have shown that patients with MGUS and SMM might experience progression to MM over an extremely variable timeframe. Some patients progressed to MM within 2 years of diagnosis, while others may progress after 10 to 20 years or might never progress at all.4-6,75”
From Evolution of Multiple Myeloma from a Genomic Perspective (2026) · cites this paper as [5]
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Review of 1027 Patients With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma
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A Long-Term Study of Prognosis in Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance
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Self-citationHistory of the Rochester Epidemiology Project
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Self-citationMonoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance
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Self-citationFrequency of Pathological Proteins (M‐components) in 6,995 Sera from an Adult Population
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The Threat to Medical-Records Research
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Self-citationMonoclonal gammopathies in the adult population of Finistère, France.
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Self-citationIncidence of Monoclonal Proteins in a Minnesota Community With a Cluster of Multiple Myeloma
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Frequency of “Abnormal” Serum Globulins (M‐Components) in the Aged
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Long-Term Trends in Hip Fracture Prevalence: The Influence of Hip Fracture Incidence and Survival
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Self-citationOccurrence of monoclonal components in general practice: Clinical implications
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2 of the 22 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 3
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International Myeloma Working Group updated criteria for the diagnosis of multiple myeloma
Rajkumar, S. V., Dimopoulos, M. A., Palumbo, A., Blade, J., Merlini, G., Mateos, M.-V., Kumar, S., Hillengass, J., Kastritis, E., Richardson, P., et al. (2014) · The Lancet Oncology · doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(14)70442-5 · Cited by 4,978
Self-citationClonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential and its distinction from myelodysplastic syndromes
Steensma, D. P., Bejar, R., Jaiswal, S., Lindsley, R. C., Sekeres, M. A., Hasserjian, R. P., & Ebert, B. L. (2015) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2015-03-631747 · Cited by 1,971
Crosby, D., Bhatia, S., Brindle, K. M., Coussens, L. M., Dive, C., Emberton, M., Esener, S., Fitzgerald, R. C., Gambhir, S. S., Kuhn, P., et al. (2022) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aay9040 · Cited by 1,379
“myeloma (a lethal cancer) of only 1% per year (11), and the risk of Barrett’s esophagus developing into esophageal cancer is ~0.”
Variants in ELL2 influencing immunoglobulin levels associate with multiple myeloma
Swaminathan, B., Þorleifsson, G., Jöud, M., Ali, M., Johnsson, E., Ajore, R., Sulem, P., Halvarsson, B.-M., Eyjolfsson, G. I., Haraldsdóttir, V., et al. (2015) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms8213 · Cited by 1,213
Landgren, O., Kyle, R. A., Pfeiffer, R. M., Katzmann, J. A., Caporaso, N. E., Hayes, R. B., Dispenzieri, A., Kumar, S., Clark, R. J., Baris, D., et al. (2009) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2008-12-194241 · Cited by 1,127
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Kyle, R. A., Therneau, T. M., Rajkumar, S. V., Larson, D. R., Plevak, M. F., Offord, J. R., Dispenzieri, A., Katzmann, J. A., & Melton, L. J.
- Affiliations
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2006-03-30
- Volume
- 354
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 1362-1369
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- OpenAlex
- W2086990334
- Cited by
- 1,423
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 56 · 2025: 80 · 2024: 90 · 2023: 71 · 2022: 83 · 2021: 88 · 2020: 93 · 2019: 77 · 2018: 64 · 2017: 73 · 2016: 66 · 2015: 60 · 2014: 66 · 2013: 78 · 2012: 70
- FWCI
- 33.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (CA 107 476, CA6 2242, R01CA107476, P01CA062242)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Multiple Myeloma Research and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Internal Medicine › Amyloidosis: Diagnosis, Treatment, Outcomes
- Keywords
- monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, prevalence, plasma cell dyscrasia, M protein, serum protein electrophoresis, immunofixation, age differences, Olmsted County, Minnesota
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Immunoglobulin A, Immunoglobulin G, Immunoglobulin M, Male, Middle Aged, Minnesota, Paraproteinemias, Prevalence, Age Distribution, Sex Distribution
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