History of the Rochester Epidemiology Project
Abstract
The Rochester Epidemiology Project is a unique medical records-linkage system that encompasses the care delivered to residents of Rochester and Olmsted County, Minnesota. It is the creation of Dr. Leonard T. Kurland, who envisioned the population-based data resource that would result from combining the clinical documentation developed by the Mayo Clinic with that obtained by other community providers, most notably the Olmsted Medical Group and its affiliated Olmsted Community Hospital. Kurland built on the Mayo unit medical record system that was designed by Dr. Henry S. Plummer in 1907 and on the medical and surgical indexing systems introduced by Dr. Joseph Berkson in 1935. By affording access to details of the medical care given to local residents, the Rochester Epidemiology Project is able to provide accurate incidence data for almost any serious condition and to support population-based analytic studies of disease causes and outcomes. Thus, epidemiologic studies of a wide array of disorders have been possible and have culminated in almost 900 publications since the system was organized in 1966. Olmsted County is one of the few places in the world where the occurrence and natural history of diseases can be accurately described and analyzed in a defined population for a half century or more.
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The Olmsted County, Minnesota population comprises about 120,000 individuals, 89% of whom are white, and sociodemographically resembles the US white population.
“The Olmsted County, Minnesota, population comprises ~120,000 individuals, of which 89% are white; sociodemographically, this community resembles the US white population.”
From Psychosocial Distress and Somatic Symptoms in Community Subjects With Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Psychological Component Is the Rule (2009) · cites this paper as [24]
During any given 4-year period, more than 95% of local residents have had at least one local health-care contact.
“During any given 4-year period, more than 95% of the local residents will have had at least one local health-care contact (24).”
From Psychosocial Distress and Somatic Symptoms in Community Subjects With Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Psychological Component Is the Rule (2009) · cites this paper as [24]
The Rochester Epidemiology Project records linkage system provides essentially an enumeration of the population from which samples can be collected.
“Therefore, the Rochester Epidemiology Project records linkage system provides essentially an enumeration of the population from which samples can be collected (24).”
From Psychosocial Distress and Somatic Symptoms in Community Subjects With Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Psychological Component Is the Rule (2009) · cites this paper as [24]
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Natural History of Prostatism: Risk Factors for Acute Urinary Retention
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Tsang, T. S. M., Gersh, B. J., Appleton, C. P., Tajik, A. J., Barnes, M. E., Bailey, K. R., Oh, J. K., Leibson, C. L., Montgomery, S. C., & Seward, J. B. (2002) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(02)02373-2 · Cited by 652 · see citing works
Sauver, J. L. S., Grossardt, B. R., Leibson, C. L., Yawn, B. P., Melton, L. J., & Rocca, W. A. (2012) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2011.11.009 · Cited by 652 · see citing works
Self-citationSauver, J. L. S., Grossardt, B. R., Yawn, B. P., Melton, L. J., & Rocca, W. A. (2011) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwq482 · Cited by 649 · see citing works
Self-citationLong-Term Follow-up of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance
Kyle, R. A., Larson, D. R., Therneau, T. M., Dispenzieri, A., Kumar, S., Cerhan, J. R., & Rajkumar, S. V. (2018) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1709974 · Cited by 647 · see citing works
Loftus, C. G., Loftus, E. V., Harmsen, S. W., Zinsmeister, A. R., Tremaine, W. J., Melton, J. L., & Sandborn, W. J. (2006) · Inflammatory Bowel Diseases · doi:10.1002/ibd.20029 · Cited by 638 · see citing works
Tsang, T. S. M., Barnes, M. E., Bailey, K. R., Leibson, C. L., Montgomery, S. C., Takemoto, Y., Diamond, P. M., Marra, M. A., Gersh, B. J., Wiebers, D. O., et al. (2001) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.4065/76.5.467 · Cited by 631 · see citing works
Clouse, W. D., Hallett, J. W., Schaff, H. V., Spittell, P. C., Rowland, C. M., Ilstrup, D. M., & Melton, L. J. (2004) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.4065/79.2.176 · Cited by 630 · see citing works
Self-citationThe epidemiology of community-acquired Clostridium difficile infection: a population-based study
Khanna, S., Pardi, D. S., Aronson, S. L., Kammer, P. P., Orenstein, R., St Sauver, J. L., Harmsen, S. W., & Zinsmeister, A. R. (2012) · American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1038/ajg.2011.398 · Cited by 622 · see citing works
Crohn's disease in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1940–1993: Incidence, prevalence, and survival
Loftus, E. V., Silverstein, M. D., Sandborn, W. J., Tremaine, W. J., Harmsen, W. S., & Zinsmeister, A. R. (1998) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(98)70421-4 · Cited by 623 · see citing works
Data Resource Profile: The Rochester Epidemiology Project (REP) medical records-linkage system
Sauver, J. L. S., Grossardt, B. R., Yawn, B. P., Melton, L. J., Pankratz, J. J., Brue, S. M., & Rocca, W. A. (2012) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dys195 · Cited by 613 · see citing works
Self-citationGlucocorticoid therapy in giant cell arteritis: Duration and adverse outcomes
Prøven, A., Gabriel, S. E., Orces, C. H., O’Fallon, W. M., & Hunder, G. G. (2003) · Arthritis Care & Research · doi:10.1002/art.11388 · Cited by 609 · see citing works
Wilson, F. C., İçen, M., Crowson, C. S., McEvoy, M. T., Gabriel, S. E., & Kremers, H. M. (2009) · Arthritis Care & Research · doi:10.1002/art.24172 · Cited by 605 · see citing works
Michelena, H. I., Desjardins, V. A., Aviérinos, J.-F., Russo, A., Nkomo, V. T., Sundt, T. M., Pellikka, P. A., Tajik, A. J., & Enriquez-Sarano, M. L. (2008) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.107.740878 · Cited by 605 · see citing works
III, L. J. M., Khosla, S., Crowson, C. S., O'Connor, M. K., O'Fallon, W. M., & Riggs, B. L. (2000) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2000.tb04719.x · Cited by 598 · see citing works
Self-citationIncidence and outcome of cervical artery dissection
Lee, V. H., Brown, R. D., Mandrekar, J. N., & Mokri, B. (2006) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000244486.30455.71 · Cited by 603 · see citing works
The New Neurobiology of Autism: Cortex, Connectivity, and Neuronal Organization
Minshew, N. J., & Williams, D. L. (2007) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.64.7.945 · Cited by 592 · see citing works
Predictors of Survival After Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism
Heit, J. A., Silverstein, M. D., Mohr, D. N., Petterson, T. M., O’Fallon, W. M., & Melton, L. J. (1999) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.159.5.445 · Cited by 590 · see citing works
Self-citationMyasoedova, E., Crowson, C. S., Kremers, H. M., Roger, V. L., Fitz‐Gibbon, P. D., Therneau, T. M., & Gabriel, S. E. (2011) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/ard.2010.135871 · Cited by 589 · see citing works
Khosla, S., Riggs, B. L., Atkinson, E. J., Oberg, A. L., McDaniel, L. J., Holets, M. F., Peterson, J. M., & Melton, L. J. (2006) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1359/jbmr.050916 · Cited by 583 · see citing works
Self-citationLeft atrial volume as an index ofleft atrial size: a population-based study
Pritchett, A. M., Jacobsen, S. J., Mahoney, D. W., Rodeheffer, R. J., Bailey, K. R., & Redfield, M. M. (2003) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(02)02981-9 · Cited by 578 · see citing works
Jung, H., Choung, R. S., Locke, G. R., Schleck, C. D., Zinsmeister, A. R., Szarka, L. A., Mullan, B., & Talley, N. J. (2009) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2008.12.047 · Cited by 571 · see citing works
Incidence of Basal Cell and Squamous Cell Carcinomas in a Population Younger Than 40 Years
Christenson, L. J. (2005) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.294.6.681 · Cited by 574 · see citing works
The Epidemiology of Venous Thromboembolism in the Community
Mohr, D. C., Petterson, T. M., Lohse, C. M., O’Fallon, W. M., Melton, L. J., Heit, J. A., & Silverstein, M. D. (2001) · Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1055/s-0037-1616243 · Cited by 567 · see citing works
Self-citationNuenninghoff, D. M., Hunder, G. G., Christianson, T. J. H., McClelland, R. L., & Matteson, E. L. (2003) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.11353 · Cited by 566 · see citing works
Predictors of infection in rheumatoid arthritis
Doran, M. F., Crowson, C. S., Pond, G. R., O’Fallon, W. M., & Gabriel, S. E. (2002) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.10529 · Cited by 560 · see citing works
Survival patterns after oophorectomy in premenopausal women: a population-based cohort study
Rocca, W. A., Grossardt, B. R., de Andrade, M., Malkasian, G. D., & Melton, L. J. (2006) · The Lancet Oncology · doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(06)70869-5 · Cited by 548 · see citing works
Self-citationHeart Failure and Death After Myocardial Infarction in the Community
Bursi, F., Enriquez-Sarano, M. L., Nkomo, V. T., Jacobsen, S. J., Weston, S. A., Meverden, R. A., & Roger, V. L. (2005) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000151097.30779.04 · Cited by 536 · see citing works
Improved Prognosis of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms
Clouse, W. D., Hallett, J. W., Schaff, H. V., Gayari, M. M., Ilstrup, D. M., & Melton, L. J. (1998) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.280.22.1926 · Cited by 532 · see citing works
Self-citationParkinson’s disease and parkinsonism in a longitudinal study: Two-fold higher incidence in men
Baldereschi, M., Di Carlo, A., Rocca, W. A., Vanni, P., Maggi, S., Perissinotto, E., Grigoletto, F., Amaducci, L., & Inzitari, D. (2000) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.55.9.1358 · Cited by 526 · see citing works
Prevalence and Prognostic Significance of Heart Failure Stages
Ammar, K. A., Jacobsen, S. J., Mahoney, D. W., Kors, J. A., Redfield, M. M., Burnett, J. C. J., & Rodeheffer, R. J. (2007) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.106.666818 · Cited by 524 · see citing works
Risk factors associated with symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux
Locke, G. R., Talley, N. J., Fett, S. L., Zinsmeister, A. R., & Melton, L. J. (1999) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0002-9343(99)00121-7 · Cited by 522 · see citing works
Self-citationSurvival in rheumatoid arthritis: A population‐based analysis of trends over 40 years
Gabriel, S. E., Crowson, C. S., Kremers, H. M., Doran, M. F., Turesson, C., O’Fallon, W. M., & Matteson, E. L. (2003) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.10705 · Cited by 514 · see citing works
Incidence and distribution of parkinsonism in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1976–1990
Bower, J. H., Maraganore, D. M., McDonnell, S. K., & Rocca, W. A. (1999) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.52.6.1214 · Cited by 509 · see citing works
Incidence, Prevalence, and Clinical Course of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Pérez, E. R. F., Daniels, C. E., Sauver, J. L. S., Hartman, T. E., Bartholmai, B. J., Yi, E. S., Ryu, J. H., & Schroeder, D. R. (2009) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.09-1002 · Cited by 508 · see citing works
Rocca, W. A., Petersen, R. C., Knopman, D. S., Hebert, L. E., Evans, D. A., Hall, K. S., Gao, S., Unverzagt, F. W., Langa, K. M., Larson, E. B., et al. (2011) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2010.11.002 · Cited by 498 · see citing works
Vertebral Fractures Predict Subsequent Fractures
Melton, L. J., Atkinson, E. J., Cooper, C. C., O’Fallon, W. M., & Riggs, B. L. (1999) · Osteoporosis International · doi:10.1007/s001980050218 · Cited by 496 · see citing works
Self-citationJess, T., Loftus, E. V., Velayos, F. S., Harmsen, W. S., Zinsmeister, A. R., Smyrk, T. C., Schleck, C. D., Tremaine, W. J., Melton, L. J., Munkholm, P. S., et al. (2006) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2005.12.037 · Cited by 497 · see citing works
Self-citationUlcerative colitis in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1940–1993: incidence, prevalence, and survival
Loftus, E. V., Silverstein, M. D., Sandborn, W. J., Tremaine, W. J., Harmsen, W. S., & Zinsmeister, A. R. (2000) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.46.3.336 · Cited by 492 · see citing works
Epidemiology of Eosinophilic Esophagitis Over Three Decades in Olmsted County, Minnesota
Prasad, G. A., Alexander, J. A., Schleck, C. D., Zinsmeister, A. R., Smyrk, T. C., Elias, R. M., Locke, G. R., & Talley, N. J. (2009) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2009.06.023 · Cited by 493 · see citing works
Probability of Pancreatic Cancer Following Diabetes: A Population-Based Study
CHARI, S., LEIBSON, C., RABE, K., RANSOM, J., DEANDRADE, M., & PETERSEN, G. (2005) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/j.gastro.2005.05.007 · Cited by 603 · see citing works
Increased cardiovascular mortality after early bilateral oophorectomy
Rivera, C. M., Grossardt, B. R., Rhodes, D. J., Brown, R. D., Roger, V. L., Melton, L. J., & Rocca, W. A. (2009) · Menopause · doi:10.1097/gme.0b013e31818888f7 · Cited by 481 · see citing works
Self-citationThe risk of congestive heart failure in rheumatoid arthritis: A population‐based study over 46 years
Nicola, P., Kremers, H. M., Roger, V. L., Jacobsen, S. J., Crowson, C. S., Ballman, K. V., & Gabriel, S. E. (2005) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.20855 · Cited by 484 · see citing works
Incidence of Childhood Distal Forearm Fractures Over 30 Years
Khosla, S., Melton, L. J., Dekutoski, M. B., Achenbach, S. J., Oberg, A. L., & Riggs, B. L. (2003) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.290.11.1479 · Cited by 477 · see citing works
Self-citationFrom, A. M., Scott, C. G., & Chen, H. H. (2010) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2009.12.003 · Cited by 469 · see citing works
Doran, M. F., Pond, G. R., Crowson, C. S., O’Fallon, W. M., & Gabriel, S. E. (2002) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.509 · Cited by 468 · see citing works
Hospitalizations After Heart Failure Diagnosis
Dunlay, S. M., Redfield, M. M., Weston, S. A., Therneau, T. M., Long, K. H., Shah, N. D., & Roger, V. L. (2009) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2009.08.019 · Cited by 466 · see citing works
- Authors
- Melton, L. J.
- Affiliations
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- Corresponding author
- Melton, L. Joseph
- Venue
- Mayo Clinic Proceedings
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1996-03
- Volume
- 71
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 266-274
- ISSN
- 0025-6196 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2137393443
- Cited by
- 1,443
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 44 · 2015: 35 · 2014: 43 · 2013: 80 · 2012: 89
- FWCI
- 121.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Mayo Clinic Proceedings (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Health Information Management › Medical Coding and Health Information
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Historical and modern epidemiology studies
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Health Information Management › Electronic Health Records Systems
- Keywords
- Rochester Epidemiology Project, medical record linkage, Olmsted County, Minnesota, disease incidence, natural history of disease
- MeSH terms
- Epidemiology, Humans, Medical Record Linkage, Minnesota, History, 20th Century
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