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A Single Cycle of Rituximab for the Treatment of Severe Pemphigus
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The combination of multiple cycles of rituximab and intravenous immune globulins has been reported to be effective in patients with severe pemphigus. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a single cycle of rituximab in severe types of pemphigus. METHODS: We studied 21 patients with pemphigus whose disease had not responded to an 8-week course of 1.5 mg of prednisone per kilogram of body weight per day (corticosteroid-refractory disease), who had had at least two relapses despite doses of prednisone higher than 20 mg per day (corticosteroid-dependent disease), or who had severe contraindications to corticosteroids. The patients were treated with four weekly infusions of 375 mg of rituximab per square meter of body-surface area. The primary end point was complete remission 3 months after the end of rituximab treatment; complete remission was defined as epithelialization of all skin and mucosal lesions. RESULTS: Eighteen of 21 patients (86%; 95% confidence interval, 64 to 97%) had a complete remission at 3 months. The disease relapsed in nine patients after a mean of 18.9+/-7.9 months. After a median follow-up of 34 months, 18 patients (86%) were free of disease, including 8 who were not receiving corticosteroids; the mean prednisone dose decreased from 94.0+/-10.2 to 12.0+/-7.5 mg per day (P=0.04) in patients with corticosteroid-refractory disease and from 29.1+/-12.4 to 10.9+/-16.5 mg per day (P=0.007) in patients with corticosteroid-dependent disease. Pyelonephritis developed in one patient 12 months after rituximab treatment, and one patient died of septicemia 18 months after rituximab treatment. These patients had a profound decrease in the number of circulating B lymphocytes but normal serum levels of IgG. CONCLUSIONS: A single cycle of rituximab is an effective treatment for pemphigus. Because of its potentially severe side effects, its use should be limited to the most severe types of the disease. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00213512 [ClinicalTrials.gov].).
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Citations
Cites
Rituximab (monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody): mechanisms of action and resistance
Smith, M. R. (2003) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1206939 · Cited by 835
Cited by
Kasperkiewicz, M., Ellebrecht, C. T., Takahashi, H., Yamagami, J., Zillikens, D., Payne, A. S., & Amagai, M. (2017) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/nrdp.2017.26 · Cited by 523
Bilgiç Temel, A., Bassorgun, C. I., Akman-Karakaş, A., Alpsoy, E., & Uzun, S. (2017) · Case Reports in Dermatology · doi:10.1159/000452828 · Cited by 363
Joly, P., Horvath, B., Patsatsi, Α., Uzun, S., Bech, R., Beissert, S., Bergman, R., Bernard, P., Borradori, L., Caproni, M., et al. (2020) · Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology · doi:10.1111/jdv.16752 · Cited by 363
Self-citationB‐lymphocyte contributions to human autoimmune disease
Yanaba, K., Bouaziz, J., Matsushita, T., Magro, C. M., St.Clair, E. W., & Tedder, T. F. (2008) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1600-065x.2008.00646.x · Cited by 326
Targeting B cells and plasma cells in autoimmune diseases
Hofmann, K., Clauder, A.-K., & Manz, R. A. (2018) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.00835 · Cited by 294
Metadata
- Authors
- Joly, P., Mouquet, H., Roujeau, J.-C., D'Incan, M., Gilbert, D., Jacquot, S., Gougeon, M.-L., Bedane, C., Muller, R., Dreno, B., Doutre, M.-S., Delaporte, E., Pauwels, C., Franck, N., Caux, F., Picard, C., Tancrede-Bohin, E., Bernard, P., Tron, F., Hertl, M., & Musette, P.
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2007-08-09
- Volume
- 357
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 545-552
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- OpenAlex
- W2040876247
- Cited by
- 466
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 19.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- The paper
- Joly, P., Mouquet, H., Roujeau, J.-C., D'Incan, M., Gilbert, D., Jacquot, S., Gougeon, M.-L., Bedane, C., Muller, R., Dreno, B., Doutre, M.-S., Delaporte, E., Pauwels, C., Franck, N., Caux, F., Picard, C., Tancrede-Bohin, E., Bernard, P., Tron, F., . . . Musette, P. (2007). A Single Cycle of Rituximab for the Treatment of Severe Pemphigus. New England Journal of Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa067752
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
