The DOI matches its Crossref record; 29 of the 29 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate from Serum Creatinine and Cystatin C
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Estimates of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) that are based on serum creatinine are routinely used; however, they are imprecise, potentially leading to the overdiagnosis of chronic kidney disease. Cystatin C is an alternative filtration marker for estimating GFR. METHODS: Using cross-sectional analyses, we developed estimating equations based on cystatin C alone and in combination with creatinine in diverse populations totaling 5352 participants from 13 studies. These equations were then validated in 1119 participants from 5 different studies in which GFR had been measured. Cystatin and creatinine assays were traceable to primary reference materials. RESULTS: Mean measured GFRs were 68 and 70 ml per minute per 1.73 m(2) of body-surface area in the development and validation data sets, respectively. In the validation data set, the creatinine-cystatin C equation performed better than equations that used creatinine or cystatin C alone. Bias was similar among the three equations, with a median difference between measured and estimated GFR of 3.9 ml per minute per 1.73 m(2) with the combined equation, as compared with 3.7 and 3.4 ml per minute per 1.73 m(2) with the creatinine equation and the cystatin C equation (P=0.07 and P=0.05), respectively. Precision was improved with the combined equation (interquartile range of the difference, 13.4 vs. 15.4 and 16.4 ml per minute per 1.73 m(2), respectively [P=0.001 and P<0.001]), and the results were more accurate (percentage of estimates that were >30% of measured GFR, 8.5 vs. 12.8 and 14.1, respectively [P<0.001 for both comparisons]). In participants whose estimated GFR based on creatinine was 45 to 74 ml per minute per 1.73 m(2), the combined equation improved the classification of measured GFR as either less than 60 ml per minute per 1.73 m(2) or greater than or equal to 60 ml per minute per 1.73 m(2) (net reclassification index, 19.4% [P<0.001]) and correctly reclassified 16.9% of those with an estimated GFR of 45 to 59 ml per minute per 1.73 m(2) as having a GFR of 60 ml or higher per minute per 1.73 m(2). CONCLUSIONS: The combined creatinine-cystatin C equation performed better than equations based on either of these markers alone and may be useful as a confirmatory test for chronic kidney disease. (Funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.).
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Stable GFR values are clinically more important than transient elevations in serum creatinine or other biomarkers, which may be influenced by extrarenal factors such as muscle mass, diet, or supplementation [1, 2].”
From Effect of creatine supplementation on kidney function: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2025) · cites this paper as [2]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“GFR is considered the best overall indicator of renal function in both healthy individuals and patients with kidney disease.”
From Effect of creatine supplementation on kidney function: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2025) · cites this paper as [2]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Adding cystatin C to serum creatinine improves the accuracy of race-neutral eGFR equations (476,477)”
From Guidelines and Recommendations for Laboratory Analysis in the Diagnosis and Management of Diabetes Mellitus (2023) · cites this paper as [477]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“CyC has been validated as a marker of renal function in multiple large clinical cohorts54 comprising patients without acute disease.”
From Cystatin C is glucocorticoid responsive, directs recruitment of Trem2+ macrophages, and predicts failure of cancer immunotherapy (2023) · cites this paper as [54]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“helping to explain the validated utility of CyC as a marker of renal function in patients without acute illness.54”
From Cystatin C is glucocorticoid responsive, directs recruitment of Trem2+ macrophages, and predicts failure of cancer immunotherapy (2023) · cites this paper as [54]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Associations between serum NfL and renal function (serum creatinine, glomerular filtration rate estimated via the CKD-EPI equation (30), and glomerular filtration rate ≤ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 as indicator of kidney disease) were investigated using linear or logistic regression models [adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index (31)], respectively.”
From A Method to Combine Neurofilament Light Measurements From Blood Serum and Plasma in Clinical and Population-Based Studies (2022) · cites this paper as [30]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“For the association between protein levels and liver function enzymes log[ALT] (field 30620); log[AST] (field 30650); estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) calculated using the combined creatinine-cystatin C equation from the CKD-EPI study 56 , with relevant parameters obtained from fields 30700 (creatinine), 30720 (cystatin C), 21000 (ethnicity) in addition to age and sex; smoking status (f”
From Plasma proteomic associations with genetics and health in the UK Biobank (2023) · cites this paper as [56]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Reductions in body weight with tirzepatide would be expected to reduce skeletal muscle to some extent, which could influence creatinine dependent of changes in kidney function, and for this reason, we calculated eGFR using cystatin C in place of creatinine.”
In the citing paper
“Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated according to the CKD-EPI creatinine and cystatin C formula20, with CKD defined as eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73m2 (CKD stage 3 or beyond).”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
An Introduction to the Bootstrap
Efron, B., & Tibshirani, R. J. (1994) · doi:10.1201/9780429246593 · Cited by 40,500
Toprak, Ö., Kurt, H., Sarı, Y., Şarkış, C., Us, H., & Kırık, A. (2017) · Kidney & Blood Pressure Research · doi:10.1159/000468530 · Cited by 29,772
A New Equation to Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate
Levey, A. S., Stevens, L. A., Schmid, C. H., Zhang, Y. (., Castro, A. F., Feldman, H. I., Kusek, J. W., Eggers, P., Van Lente, F., Greene, T., et al. (2009) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006 · Cited by 25,603
Self-citationAn Introduction to the Bootstrap
Efron, B., & Tibshirani, R. J. (1993) · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-4541-9 · Cited by 21,230
Ahmed, A., Jorna, T., & Bhandari, S. (2016) · The Nephron journals/Nephron journals · doi:10.1159/000447068 · Cited by 11,782
Pencina, M. J., D' Agostino, R. B., D' Agostino, R. B., & Vasan, R. S. (2008) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.2929 · Cited by 6,493
Levey, A. S., Coresh, J., Greene, T., Stevens, L. A., Zhang, Y., Hendriksen, S. M., Kusek, J. W., & Lente, F. V. (2006) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-145-4-200608150-00004 · Cited by 5,726
Self-citationAssessing Kidney Function — Measured and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate
Stevens, L. A., Coresh, J., Greene, T., & Levey, A. S. (2006) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra054415 · Cited by 2,952
Self-citationLevey, A. S., Coresh, J., Greene, T., Marsh, J., Stevens, L. A., Kusek, J. W., & Lente, F. V. (2007) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1373/clinchem.2006.077180 · Cited by 1,854
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Stevens LA, 2008, J Nephrol, 21, 797
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 301–400 of 1,009
Estimation of Kidney Function in Oncology
Casal, M. A., Nolin, T. D., & Beumer, J. H. (2019) · Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.2215/cjn.11721018 · Cited by 81
Wang, M., Wang, Z., Lee, Y., Lai, H. T. M., Otto, M. C. D. O., Lemaître, R. N., Fretts, A. M., Sotoodehnia, N., Budoff, M. J., DiDonato, J. A., et al. (2022) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.121.316533 · Cited by 85
Hansen, K. B., Gopalasingam, N., Christensen, K. H., Ladefoged, B. T., Andersen, M. J., Poulsen, S. H., Borlaug, B. A., Nielsen, R. R., Møller, N., & Wiggers, H. (2024) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.123.067971 · Cited by 81
Non-hemodynamic predictors of arterial stiffness after 17 years of follow-up
Gottsäter, M., Östling, G., Persson, M., Engström, G., Melander, O., & Nilsson, P. M. (2015) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/hjh.0000000000000520 · Cited by 81
Dardashti, A., Nozohoor, S., GRUBB, A. O., & Bjursten, H. (2015) · Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation · doi:10.3109/00365513.2015.1099724 · Cited by 80
Estimating residual kidney function in dialysis patients without urine collection
Shafi, T., Michels, W. M., Levey, A. S., Inker, L. A., Dekker, F. W., Krediet, R. T., Hoekstra, T., Schwartz, G. J., Eckfeldt, J. H., & Coresh, J. (2016) · Kidney International · doi:10.1016/j.kint.2015.10.011 · Cited by 80
Self-citationRoshanravan, B., Patel, K. V., Fried, L. F., Robinson‐Cohen, C., de Boer, I. H., Harris, T. B., Murphy, R. A., Satterfield, S., Goodpaster, B. H., Shlipak, M. G., et al. (2016) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glw210 · Cited by 80
Plasma galectin-3 levels are associated with the risk of incident chronic kidney disease
Rebholz, C. M., Selvin, E., Liang, M., Ballantyne, C. M., Hoogeveen, R. C., Aguilar, D. A., McEvoy, J. W., Grams, M. E., & Coresh, J. (2017) · Kidney International · doi:10.1016/j.kint.2017.06.028 · Cited by 80
Self-citationGrubbs, V., Lin, F., Vittinghoff, E., Shlipak, M. G., Peralta, C. A., Bansal, N., Jacobs, D. R., Siscovick, D. S., Lewis, C. E., & Bibbins-Domingo, K. (2014) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2013.10.055 · Cited by 79
Urinary Uromodulin and Risk of Urinary Tract Infections: The Cardiovascular Health Study
Garimella, P. S., Bartz, T. M., Ix, J. H., Chonchol, M., Shlipak, M. G., Devarajan, P., BENNETT, M. R., & Sarnak, M. J. (2016) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2016.08.022 · Cited by 79
Foster, M. C., Levey, A. S., Inker, L. A., Shafi, T., Fan, L., Gudnason, V. G., Katz, R., Mitchell, G. F., Okparavero, A., Pálsson, R., et al. (2017) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2017.03.021 · Cited by 79
Self-citationLi, C., Ma, Y., Yang, C., Hua, R., Xie, W., & Zhang, L. (2022) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.34208 · Cited by 79
Yubero‐Serrano, E. M., Woodward, M., Poretsky, L., Vlassara, H., & Striker, G. E. (2015) · Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.2215/cjn.07750814 · Cited by 79
Zhao, D., Ouyang, P., de Boer, I. H., Lutsey, P. L., Farag, Y. M. K., Güallar, E., Siscovick, D. S., Post, W. S., Kalyani, R. R., Billups, K. L., et al. (2016) · Maturitas · doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2016.11.017 · Cited by 79
Kim, H., Hur, M., Lee, S., Marino, R., Magrini, L., Cardelli, P., Struck, J., Bergmann, A., Hartmann, O., Somma, S. D., et al. (2017) · Annals of Laboratory Medicine · doi:10.3343/alm.2017.37.5.388 · Cited by 79
Lai, H. T. M., Otto, M. C. D. O., Lemaître, R. N., McKnight, B., Song, X., King, I. B., Chaves, P. H. M., Odden, M. C., Newman, A. B., Siscovick, D. S., et al. (2018) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.k4067 · Cited by 81
Brassetti, A., Anceschi, U., Bertolo, R. G., Ferriero, M. C., Tuderti, G., Umberto Capitanio, A., Larcher, A., Garisto, J., Antonelli, A., Mottire, A., et al. (2020) · Minerva Urologica e Nefrologica · doi:10.23736/s0393-2249.19.03570-7 · Cited by 78
Inker, L. A., Couture, S. J., Tighiouart, H., Abraham, A. G., Beck, G. J., Feldman, H. I., Greene, T., Gudnason, V. G., Karger, A. B., Eckfeldt, J. H., et al. (2020) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2020.11.005 · Cited by 80
Self-citationÖzdemir, B. C., Gerard, C. L., & da Silva, C. E. (2022) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endocr/bqac058 · Cited by 83
Lane, N. E., Parimi, N., Lui, L., Wise, B. L., Yao, W., Lay, Y.-A. E., Cawthon, P. M., ORWOLL, E. S., & for the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study Group (2013) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1002/jbmr.2164 · Cited by 78
Association of Kidney Disease Measures With Ischemic Versus Hemorrhagic Strokes
Mahmoodi, B. K., Yatsuya, H., Matsushita, K., Sang, Y., Gottesman, R. F., Astor, B. C., Woodward, M., Longstreth, W. T., Jr., Psaty, B. M., Shlipak, M. G., et al. (2014) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.114.004900 · Cited by 79
Self-citationBetz, B. B., Jenks, S. J., Cronshaw, A. D., Lamont, D. J., Cairns, C., Manning, J. R., Goddard, J. G., Webb, D. J., Mullins, J. J., Hughes, J., et al. (2016) · Kidney International · doi:10.1016/j.kint.2016.01.015 · Cited by 79
Habib, P. J., Patel, P. C., Hodge, D. O., Chimato, N. T., Yip, D. S.-Y., Hosenpud, J. D., & Wadei, H. M. (2016) · The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation · doi:10.1016/j.healun.2016.05.028 · Cited by 77
Paquette, K., Fernandes, R. O., Xie, L. F., Cloutier, A., Fallaha, C., Girard-Bock, C., Mian, M. O. R., Lukaszewski, M.-A., Mâsse, B., El-Jalbout, R., et al. (2018) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.11397 · Cited by 77
Zhang, Z., He, P., Liu, M., Zhou, C., Liu, C., Li, H., Zhang, Y., Li, Q., Ye, Z., Wu, Q., et al. (2021) · Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.2215/cjn.18441120 · Cited by 77
Self-citationA Prospective Controlled Study of Kidney Donors: Baseline and 6-Month Follow-up
Kasiske, B. L., Anderson-Haag, T. L., Ibrahim, H. N., Pesavento, T. E., Weir, M. R., Nogueira, J. M., Cosio, F. G., Kraus, E. S., Rabb, H., Kalil, R. S., et al. (2013) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2013.01.027 · Cited by 77
Garimella, P. S., Lee, A. K., Ambrosius, W. T., Bhatt, U. Y., Cheung, A. K., Chonchol, M., Craven, T. E., Hawfield, A. T., Jotwani, V., Killeen, A. A., et al. (2019) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehz392 · Cited by 78
Cigarette smoking is associated with higher thyroid hormone and lower TSH levels: the PREVEND study
Gruppen, E. G., Kootstra‐Ros, J. E., Kobold, A. C. M., Connelly, M. A., Touw, D. J., Bos, J., Hak, E., Links, T. P., Bakker, S. J. L., & Dullaart, R. P. F. (2019) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/s12020-019-02125-2 · Cited by 76
Lutsey, P. L., Michos, E. D., Misialek, J. R., Pankow, J. S., Loehr, L. R., Selvin, E., Reis, J. P., Gross, M. D., Eckfeldt, J. H., & Folsom, A. R. (2015) · JACC Heart Failure · doi:10.1016/j.jchf.2014.11.013 · Cited by 76
Self-citationKidney Function and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in the General Population
Akoudad, S., Sedaghat, S., Albert Hofman, D., Koudstaal, P. J., van der Lugt, A., Ikram, M. A., & Vernooij, M. W. (2015) · International Journal of Stroke · doi:10.1111/ijs.12465 · Cited by 76
Novel Filtration Markers as Predictors of All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in US Adults
Foster, M. C., Inker, L. A., Levey, A. S., Selvin, E., Eckfeldt, J. H., Juraschek, S. P., & Coresh, J. (2013) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2013.01.016 · Cited by 77
Self-citationAlonso, Á., Knopman, D. S., Gottesman, R. F., Soliman, E. Z., Shah, A. J., O'Neal, W. T., Norby, F. L., Mosley, T. H., & Chen, L. Y. (2017) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.117.006014 · Cited by 76
Cystatin C Is a More Reliable Biomarker for Determining eGFR to Support Drug Development Studies
Kar, S., Paglialunga, S., & Islam, R. (2018) · The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1002/jcph.1132 · Cited by 76
Parathyroid hormone and arterial dysfunction in the m ulti‐ e thnic s tudy of a therosclerosis
Bosworth, C., Sachs, M. C., Duprez, D. A., Hoofnagle, A. N., Ix, J. H., Jacobs, D. R., Peralta, C. A., Siscovick, D. S., Kestenbaum, B. R., & de Boer, I. H. (2013) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/cen.12163 · Cited by 75
Microvascular endothelial dysfunction is associated with albuminuria
Martens, R. J. H., Houben, A. J. H. M., Kooman, J. P., Berendschot, T. T. J. M., Dagnelie, P. C., Kallen, C., Kroon, A. A., Leunissen, K. M. L., SANDE, F. M. V. D., Schaper, N. C., et al. (2018) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/hjh.0000000000001674 · Cited by 75
Renal Functional Reserve Revisited
Pálsson, R., & Waikar, S. S. (2018) · Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease · doi:10.1053/j.ackd.2018.03.001 · Cited by 75
Liu, Y., Liu, X., Guan, H., Zhang, S., Zhu, Q., Fu, X., Chen, H., Tang, S., Feng, Y., & Kuang, J. (2021) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2021.736073 · Cited by 79
The ‘other’ big complication: how chronic kidney disease impacts on cancer risks and outcomes
Lees, J. S., Elyan, B. M. P., Herrmann, S. M., Lang, N. N., Jones, R. J., & Mark, P. B. (2022) · Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation · doi:10.1093/ndt/gfac011 · Cited by 77
Frazee, E. N., Rule, A. D., Herrmann, S. M., KASHANI, K. B., Leung, N., Virk, A., Voskoboev, N., & Lieske, J. C. (2014) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/cc13899 · Cited by 75
African Ancestry–Specific Alleles and Kidney Disease Risk in Hispanics/Latinos
Kramer, H., Stilp, A. M., Laurie, C. C., Reiner, A. P., Lash, J. P., Daviglus, M. L., Rosas, S. E., Ricardo, A. C., Tayo, B. O., Flessner, M. F., et al. (2016) · Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.1681/asn.2016030357 · Cited by 75
Self-citationKalafateli, M., Wickham, F., Burniston, M. T., Cholongitas, Ε., Theocharidou, E., Garcovich, M., O’Beirne, J. P., Westbrook, R., Leandro, G., Burroughs, A. K., et al. (2016) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.28891 · Cited by 75
Inker, L. A., Levey, A. S., & Coresh, J. (2018) · Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease · doi:10.1053/j.ackd.2017.10.004 · Cited by 76
Self-citationChen, H., Lips, P. T. A. M., Vervloet, M. G., van Schoor, N. M., & de Jongh, R. T. (2018) · Osteoporosis International · doi:10.1007/s00198-018-4592-8 · Cited by 75
Zhao, J. V., & Schooling, C. M. (2020) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-020-01594-x · Cited by 76
Kidney Function in Obesity—Challenges in Indexing and Estimation
Chang, A. R., Zafar, W., & Grams, M. E. (2018) · Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease · doi:10.1053/j.ackd.2017.10.007 · Cited by 77
Rothenbacher, D., Rehm, M., Iacoviello, L., Costanzo, S., Tunstall‐Pedoe, H., Belch, J. J. F., Söderberg, S., Hultdin, J., Salomaa, V. V., Jousilahti, P., et al. (2020) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-020-01776-7 · Cited by 74
Determinants of the Evolution of Kidney Function With Age
van der Burgh, A. C., Rizopoulos, D., Ikram, M. A., Hoorn, E. J., & Chaker, L. (2021) · Kidney International Reports · doi:10.1016/j.ekir.2021.10.006 · Cited by 74
Ginsberg, C., Katz, R., de Boer, I. H., Kestenbaum, B. R., Chonchol, M., Shlipak, M. G., Sarnak, M. J., Hoofnagle, A. N., Rifkin, D. E., Garimella, P. S., et al. (2017) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2017.11.011 · Cited by 74
Elendu, C., Okah, M. J., Fiemotongha, K. J. D., Boluwatife, A. I., Bassey, B. N., Omeludike, E., & Obidigbo, B. T. (2023) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000035397 · Cited by 77
Eckfeldt, J. H., Karger, A. B., Miller, W. G., Rynders, G. P., & Inker, L. A. (2015) · Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine · doi:10.5858/arpa.2014-0427-cp · Cited by 73
Self-citationKidney Function and Cerebral Blood Flow
Sedaghat, S., Vernooij, M. W., Loehrer, E. A., Mattace-Raso, F. U. S., Albert Hofman, D., van der Lugt, A., Franco, O. H., Dehghan, A., & Ikram, M. A. (2015) · Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.1681/asn.2014111118 · Cited by 73
Long-Term Effects of High-Protein Diets on Renal Function
Kamper, A., & Strandgaard, S. (2017) · Annual Review of Nutrition · doi:10.1146/annurev-nutr-071714-034426 · Cited by 76
Opotowsky, A. R., Baraona, F., Causland, F. R. M., Loukas, B. N., Landzberg, E. I., Landzberg, M. J., Sabbisetti, V. S., & Waikar, S. S. (2016) · Heart · doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2016-309729 · Cited by 73
HIV and kidney diseases: 35 years of history and consequences
Campos, P., Ortíz, A., & Soto, K. (2016) · Clinical Kidney Journal · doi:10.1093/ckj/sfw104 · Cited by 76
Prevalence and Effects of Functional Vitamin K Insufficiency: The PREVEND Study
Riphagen, I. J., Velde‐Keyzer, C. A. T., Drummen, N. E. A., de Borst, M. H., Beulens, J. W. J., Gansevoort, R. T., Geleijnse, J. M., Muskiet, F. A. J., Navis, G. J., Visser, S. T., et al. (2017) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu9121334 · Cited by 73
Kestenbaum, B. R., Gamboa, J. L., Liu, S. Z., Ali, A. S., Shankland, E. G., Jue, T., Giulivi, C., Smith, L., Himmelfarb, J., de Boer, I. H., et al. (2020) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.133289 · Cited by 78
Unique metabolomic signature associated with hepatorenal dysfunction and mortality in cirrhosis
Mindikoglu, A. L., Opekun, A. R., Putluri, N., Devaraj, S., Sheikh‐Hamad, D., Vierling, J. M., Goss, J. A., Rana, A. A., Sood, G., Jalal, P. K., et al. (2017) · Translational research · doi:10.1016/j.trsl.2017.12.002 · Cited by 72
Self-citationObert, L., Elmore, S. A., Ennulat, D., & Frazier, K. S. (2021) · Toxicologic Pathology · doi:10.1177/0192623320985045 · Cited by 72
de Boer, I. H., Sachs, M. C., Chonchol, M., Himmelfarb, J., Hoofnagle, A. N., Ix, J. H., Kremsdorf, R. A., Lin, Y. S., Mehrotra, R., Robinson‐Cohen, C., et al. (2014) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2014.02.015 · Cited by 72
Fuernau, G. F., Poenisch, C., Eitel, I., Denks, D., de Waha, S., Pöss, J., Heine, G. H., Desch, S., Schuler, G. C., Adams, V., et al. (2015) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.04.242 · Cited by 73
Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 Is Associated with Incident Kidney Disease
Rebholz, C. M., Grams, M. E., Coresh, J., Selvin, E., Inker, L. A., Levey, A. S., Kimmel, P. L., Vasan, R. S., Eckfeldt, J. H., Feldman, H. I., et al. (2014) · Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.1681/asn.2014020218 · Cited by 72
Self-citationKunutsor, S. K., Bakker, S. J. L., Kootstra‐Ros, J. E., Gansevoort, R. T., Gregson, J., & Dullaart, R. P. F. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0132822 · Cited by 72
Prevalence and Correlates of CKD in Hispanics/Latinos in the United States
Ricardo, A. C., Flessner, M. F., Eckfeldt, J. H., Eggers, P. W., Franceschini, N., Go, A. S., Gotman, N., Kramer, H., Kusek, J. W., Loehr, L. R., et al. (2015) · Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.2215/cjn.02020215 · Cited by 72
Self-citationEstimated GFR, Albuminuria, and Cognitive Performance: The Maastricht Study
Martens, R. J. H., Kooman, J. P., Stehouwer, C. D. A., Dagnelie, P. C., Kallen, C., Koster, A., Kroon, A. A., Leunissen, K. M. L., Nijpels, G., SANDE, F. M. V. D., et al. (2016) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2016.04.017 · Cited by 72
Kim, E. D., Tanaka, H., Ballew, S. H., Sang, Y., HEISS, G. M., Coresh, J., & Matsushita, K. (2018) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2018.04.018 · Cited by 72
Self-citationÅkesson, A., Lindström, V., Nyman, U., Jonsson, M., Abrahamson, M., Christensson, A. G., Björk, J., & GRUBB, A. O. (2020) · Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation · doi:10.1080/00365513.2020.1759139 · Cited by 73
Alaini, A., Malhotra, D. K., Rondon‐Berrios, H., Argyropoulos, C., Khitan, Z. J., Raj, D. S., Rohrscheib, M. R., Shapiro, J. I., & Tzamaloukas, A. H. (2017) · World Journal of Methodology · doi:10.5662/wjm.v7.i3.73 · Cited by 71
Rationale and Strategies for Preserving Residual Kidney Function in Dialysis Patients
Li, T. X., Wilcox, C. S., Lipkowitz, M. S., Gordon-Cappitelli, J., & Dragoi, S. (2019) · American Journal of Nephrology · doi:10.1159/000503805 · Cited by 74
Eelderink, C., Velde‐Keyzer, C. A. T., Frenay, A.-R. S., Vermeulen, E. A., Bachtler, M., Aghagolzadeh, P., van Dijk, P. R., Gansevoort, R. T., Vervloet, M. G., Hillebrands, J., et al. (2020) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.120.314187 · Cited by 71
Association of TrimethylamineN-Oxide and Related Metabolites in Plasma and Incident Type 2 Diabetes
Lemaître, R. N., Jensen, P. N., Wang, Z., Fretts, A. M., McKnight, B., Nemet, I., Biggs, M. L., Sotoodehnia, N., Otto, M. C. D. O., Psaty, B. M., et al. (2021) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.22844 · Cited by 71
Plasma FGF23 and the risk of stroke
Wright, C. B., Dong, C., Stark, M., Silverberg, S. J., Rundek, T., Elkind, M. S. V., Sacco, R. L., Mendez, A. J., & Wolf, M. S. (2014) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000000410 · Cited by 71
Circulating gamma glutamyltransferase and prediction of cardiovascular disease
Kunutsor, S. K., Bakker, S. J. L., Kootstra‐Ros, J. E., Gansevoort, R. T., & Dullaart, R. P. F. (2014) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.12.045 · Cited by 71
Purde, M.-T., Nock, S., Risch, L., Escobar, P. M., Grebhardt, C., Nydegger, U. E., Stanga, Z. G., & Risch, M. (2015) · Translational research · doi:10.1016/j.trsl.2015.11.001 · Cited by 71
Cardiac and Kidney Markers for Cardiovascular Prediction in Individuals With Chronic Kidney Disease
Matsushita, K., Sang, Y., Ballew, S. H., Astor, B. C., Hoogeveen, R. C., Solomon, S. D., Ballantyne, C. M., Woodward, M., & Coresh, J. (2014) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.114.303465 · Cited by 74
Self-citationConzade, R., Köenig, W., Heier, M., Schneider, A. L. C., Grill, E., Peters, A., & Thorand, B. (2017) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu9121276 · Cited by 71
Diorio, C. J., Shraim, R., Myers, R. M., Behrens, E. M., Canna, S., Bassiri, H., Aplenc, R., Burudpakdee, C., Chen, F., DiNofia, A. M., et al. (2022) · Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-0822 · Cited by 75
Wu, Y., Xiong, T., Tan, X. W., & Chen, L. (2022) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-022-02675-9 · Cited by 70
Accuracy of GFR estimating equations based on creatinine, cystatin C or both in routine care
Fu, E. L., Levey, A. S., Coresh, J., Grams, M. E., Faucon, A., Elinder, C., Dekker, F. W., Delanaye, P., Inker, L. A., & Carrero, J. J. (2023) · Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation · doi:10.1093/ndt/gfad219 · Cited by 70
Self-citationBjornstad, P., Snell‐Bergeon, J. K., Rewers, M., Jalal, D. I., Chonchol, M. B., Johnson, R. J., & Maahs, D. M. (2013) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc13-0631 · Cited by 70
Capillary Rarefaction Associates with Albuminuria: The Maastricht Study
Martens, R. J. H., Henry, R. M. A., Houben, A. J. H. M., Kallen, C., Kroon, A. A., Schalkwijk, C. G., Schram, M. T., Sep, S. J. S., Schaper, N. C., Dagnelie, P. C., et al. (2016) · Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.1681/asn.2015111219 · Cited by 70
Macrophage density in early surveillance biopsies predicts future renal transplant function
Bräsen, J. H., Khalifa, A. A., Schmitz, J., Dai, W. H., Einecke, G., Schwarz, A., Hallensleben, M., Schmidt, B. M. W., Kreipe, H. H., Haller, H. G., et al. (2017) · Kidney International · doi:10.1016/j.kint.2017.01.029 · Cited by 73
Zeller, T., Schnabel, R. B., Appelbaum, S., Ojeda, F., Berisha, F., Steinberg, B. S., Brueckmann, B.-E., Kuulasmaa, K., Jousilahti, P., Blankenberg, S., et al. (2018) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1177/2047487318778346 · Cited by 70
Increased urinary angiotensin converting enzyme 2 and neprilysin in patients with type 2 diabetes
Gutta, S., Grobe, N., Kumbaji, M., Osman, H., Saklayen, M. G., Li, G., & Elased, K. M. (2018) · American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00565.2017 · Cited by 71
Potok, O., Katz, R., Bansal, N., Siscovick, D. S., Odden, M. C., Ix, J. H., Shlipak, M. G., & Rifkin, D. E. (2020) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2020.05.018 · Cited by 69
Renal biomarkers in cats: A review of the current status in chronic kidney disease
Kongtasai, T., Paepe, D., Meyer, E., Mortier, F., Marynissen, S. J. J., Stammeleer, L., Defauw, P., & Daminet, S. (2022) · Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/jvim.16377 · Cited by 69
Within-Person Variability in Kidney Measures
Selvin, E., Juraschek, S. P., Eckfeldt, J. H., Levey, A. S., Inker, L. A., & Coresh, J. (2013) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2012.11.048 · Cited by 71
Self-citationWyatt, C. M., Schwartz, G. J., Ong’or, W. O., Joseph, A., Abraham, A. G., Mboku, C., M'mene, L. B., Koima, W. J., Hotta, M. T., Maier, P. S., et al. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0069601 · Cited by 69
Lane, N. E., Parimi, N., Corr, M., Yao, W., Cauley, J. A., Nielson, C. M., Ix, J. H., Kado, D. M., ORWOLL, E. S., & for the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study Group (2013) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1002/jbmr.1985 · Cited by 69
MacIsaac, R. J., Ekinci, E. I., Premaratne, E., Lu, Z. X., Seah, J., Li, Y., Boston, R., Ward, G. M., & Jerums, G. (2015) · BMC Nephrology · doi:10.1186/s12882-015-0196-0 · Cited by 69
Schei, J., Stefansson, V. T. N., Mathisen, U. D., Eriksen, B. O., Solbu, M. D., Jenssen, T. G., & Melsom, T. (2015) · Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.2215/cjn.07360715 · Cited by 69
Eriksen, B. O., Stefansson, V. T. N., Jenssen, T. G., Mathisen, U. D., Schei, J., Solbu, M. D., Wilsgaard, T., & Melsom, T. (2016) · Kidney International · doi:10.1016/j.kint.2016.03.021 · Cited by 71
Pottelbergh, G. V., Vaes, B., Adriaensen, W. J., Matheï, C., Legrand, D., Wallemacq, P. E., & Degryse, J. (2014) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/1741-7015-12-27 · Cited by 68
Pattaro, C., Riegler, P., Stifter, G., Modenese, M., Minelli, C., & Pramstaller, P. P. (2013) · Nephron Clinical Practice · doi:10.1159/000351043 · Cited by 69
Plasma kidney injury molecule-1 (p-KIM-1) levels and deterioration of kidney function over 16 years
Schulz, C., Engström, G., Nilsson, J. Å., Almgren, P., Petkovic, M., Christensson, A. G., Nilsson, P. M., Melander, O., & Orho‐Melander, M. (2018) · Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation · doi:10.1093/ndt/gfy382 · Cited by 68
Neurofilament light chain concentration in an aging population
Ladang, A., Kovacs, S., Lengelé, L., Locquet, M., Reginster, J., Bruyère, O., & Cavalier, E. (2022) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/s40520-021-02054-z · Cited by 69
Effect of Structured, Moderate Exercise on Kidney Function Decline in Sedentary Older Adults
Shlipak, M. G., Sheshadri, A., Hsu, F., Chen, S., Jotwani, V., Tranah, G. J., Fielding, R. A., Liu, C., Ix, J. H., Coca, S. G., et al. (2022) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2022.1449 · Cited by 69
Discrepancies between Cystatin C–Based and Creatinine-Based eGFR
Farrington, D. K., Surapaneni, A., Matsushita, K., Seegmiller, J. C., Coresh, J., & Grams, M. E. (2023) · Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.2215/cjn.0000000000000217 · Cited by 72
Self-citationRemoving Race From Kidney Function Estimates—Reply
Diao, J. A., Powe, N. R., & Manrai, A. K. (2021) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2021.3461 · Cited by 68
Heger, I. S., Deckers, K., Schram, M. T., Stehouwer, C. D. A., Dagnelie, P. C., van der Kallen, C. J. H., Koster, A., Eussen, S. J. P. M., Jansen, J. F. A., Verhey, F. R. J., et al. (2021) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000012572 · Cited by 67
Asrani, S. K., Jennings, L. W., Trotter, J. F., Levitsky, J., Nadim, M. K., Kim, W. R., Gonzalez, S. A., Fischbach, B. V., Bahirwani, R., Emmett, M., et al. (2018) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.30321 · Cited by 67
Metadata
- Authors
- Inker, L. A., Schmid, C. H., Tighiouart, H., Eckfeldt, J. H., Feldman, H. I., Greene, T., Kusek, J. W., Manzi, J., Van Lente, F., Zhang, Y. L., Coresh, J., & Levey, A. S.
- Affiliations
- Tufts Medical Center (US)
- University of Minnesota (US)
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- University of Utah (US)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2012-07-05
- Volume
- 367
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 20-29
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- PMC
- PMC4398023
- OpenAlex
- W2118625269
- Semantic Scholar
- 864b8e44b48f701b2cf2f7609bfcb54c52d74233
- Cited by
- 4,102
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 232 · 2025: 357 · 2024: 353 · 2023: 398 · 2022: 374 · 2021: 356 · 2020: 345 · 2019: 286 · 2018: 273 · 2017: 277 · 2016: 240 · 2015: 224 · 2014: 201 · 2013: 147 · 2012: 35
- FWCI
- 152.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5u01dk053869-08, UL1TR000439)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (U01-DK053869, U01DK067651, U01DK035073)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Acute Kidney Injury Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Dialysis and Renal Disease Management
- Keywords
- glomerular filtration rate estimation, cystatin C, serum creatinine, chronic kidney disease, estimating equations, overdiagnosis
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Creatinine, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Glomerular Filtration Rate, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Biomarkers, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic, Cystatin C, Mathematical Concepts
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
