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Five-Year Survival with Combined Nivolumab and Ipilimumab in Advanced Melanoma
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUNDNivolumab plus ipilimumab or nivolumab alone resulted in longer progression-free and overall survival than ipilimumab alone in a trial involving patients with advanced melanoma.We now report 5-year outcomes in the trial. METHODSWe randomly assigned patients with previously untreated advanced melanoma to receive one of the following regimens: nivolumab (at a dose of 1 mg per kilogram of body weight) plus ipilimumab (3 mg per kilogram) every 3 weeks for four doses, followed by nivolumab (3 mg per kilogram every 2 weeks); nivolumab (3 mg per kilogram every 2 weeks) plus ipilimumab-matched placebo; or ipilimumab (3 mg per kilogram every 3 weeks for four doses) plus nivolumab-matched placebo.The two primary end points were progression-free survival and overall survival in the nivolumab-plus-ipilimumab group and in the nivolumab group, as compared with the ipilimumab group. RESULTSAt a minimum follow-up of 60 months, the median overall survival was more than 60.0 months (median not reached) in the nivolumab-plus-ipilimumab group and 36.9 months in the nivolumab group, as compared with 19.9 months in the ipilimumab group (hazard ratio for death with nivolumab plus ipilimumab vs. ipilimumab, 0.52; hazard ratio for death with nivolumab vs. ipilimumab, 0.63).Overall survival at 5 years was 52% in the nivolumab-plus-ipilimumab group and 44% in the nivolumab group, as compared with 26% in the ipilimumab group.No sustained deterioration of health-related quality of life was observed during or after treatment with nivolumab plus ipilimumab or with nivolumab alone.No new late toxic effects were noted. CONCLUSIONSAmong patients with advanced melanoma, sustained long-term overall survival at 5 years was observed in a greater percentage of patients who received nivolumab plus ipilimumab or nivolumab alone than in those who received ipilimumab alone, with no apparent loss of quality of life in the patients who received regimens containing nivolumab.(Funded by Bristol-Myers Squibb and others; CheckMate 067 ClinicalTrials.govnumber, NCT01844505.
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“In many cancers, nivolumab in combination with ipilimumab improves response rates compared to either agent alone, but the combination has not been evaluated in childhood cancer.”
From A Phase I/II Trial of Nivolumab plus Ipilimumab in Children and Young Adults with Relapsed/Refractory Solid Tumors: A Children's Oncology Group Study ADVL1412 (2022) · cites this paper as [12]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
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“Nivolumab, a PD-1 inhibitor, in combination with ipilimumab, a CTLA-4 inhibitor, has shown favourable efficacy outcomes and manageable safety profiles across multiple tumour types.”
From Nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus lenvatinib or sorafenib as first-line treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (CheckMate 9DW): an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial (2025) · cites this paper as [12]
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“While immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have greatly enhanced clinical outcomes across multiple cancer types,1, 2, 3”
From irAE-GPT: leveraging large language models to identify immune-related adverse events in electronic health records and clinical trial datasets (2026) · cites this paper as [3]
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“In unresectable or metastatic melanoma, overall survival at 5 years is 52% following nivolumab plus ipilimumab compared to 44% for nivolumab alone and 26% for ipilimumab alone12,13.”
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In the citing paper
“Evidence for benefit of nivolumab plus ipilimumab compared to single agent ICI has also been demonstrated in patients with advanced renal cell cancer, microsatellite high/deficient mismatch repair (MSI-hi/dMMR) metastatic colorectal cancer12,14,15, hepatocellular carcinoma16, and non-small cell, EGFR/ALK wild type lung cancer17–19.”
From A Phase I/II Trial of Nivolumab plus Ipilimumab in Children and Young Adults with Relapsed/Refractory Solid Tumors: A Children's Oncology Group Study ADVL1412 (2022) · cites this paper as [12]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
In the citing paper
“Melanomas and urothelial carcinomas that are intrinsically resistant to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy show elevated TGF-β signaling, particularly in the stromal compartment of immune excluded tumors21,77,228,361.”
From TGFβ biology in cancer progression and immunotherapy (2021) · cites this paper as [361]
In the citing paper
“Multiple clinical trials with combined blockade of CTLA4 and PD-1/PD-L1 demonstrated higher response rates than either monotherapy, in different cancer types including melanoma ( 54, 55 ), hepatocellular carcinoma ( 56 ), renal cell carcinoma (RCC; refs.57, 58 ), NSCLC ( 59 ), malignant pleural mesothelioma ( 60 ), and colorectal cancer (MSI-H/dMMR; ref. 61 ).”
From The Next Decade of Immune Checkpoint Therapy (2021) · cites this paper as [55]
In the citing paper
“Long-term follow-up has demonstrated durable survival benefi t for a subset of patients with melanoma and RCC, and combination therapy with ICT is under active investigation for a number of tumor types ( 55,58 ).”
From The Next Decade of Immune Checkpoint Therapy (2021) · cites this paper as [55]
In the citing paper
“Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents pared with chemotherapy have also improved response rates and survival in many diseases including lung cancer, triple negative breast cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and others.12–14”
From Endocrine toxicities of immune checkpoint inhibitors (2021) · cites this paper as [13]
In the citing paper
“The results of CheckMate-069, CheckMate-067, and CheckMate-142 showed that ipilimumab plus nivolumab significantly improved the outcomes of patients, relative to ipilimumab or nivolumab monotherapies [132–134].”
From Combination strategies with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade: current advances and future directions (2022) · cites this paper as [133]
In the citing paper
“Until now, the FDA has approved the ipilimumab plus nivolumab for melanoma, RCC, MSI-H/dMMR colorectal cancer, HCC, PD-L1 positive NSCLC, and malignant pleural mesothelioma (Table 5) [132–138].”
From Combination strategies with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade: current advances and future directions (2022) · cites this paper as [133]
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Self-citationHypoxia, a Targetable Culprit to Counter Pancreatic Cancer Resistance to Therapy
Khouzam, R. A., Lehn, J., Mayr, H., Clavien, P., Wallace, M. B., Ducreux, M. P., Limani, P., & Chouaïb, S. (2023) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers15041235 · Cited by 33
“ICIs have significantly enhanced the survival of treatment-refractory patients with metastatic melanoma [6] and non-small cell lung cancer [7], but have thus far yielded dismal responses in pancreatic cancer, even when applied in combination with chemotherapy [5,8].”
BackgroundClinical Characters and Influence Factors of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-related Thyroid Dysfunction
Zhang, Q., Jiao, X., & Lai, X. (2023) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgad260 · Cited by 31
DGKα/ζ inhibitors combine with PD-1 checkpoint therapy to promote T cell–mediated antitumor immunity
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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Fundamental Mechanisms, Current Status and Future Directions
Younis, A., & Gribben, J. G. (2024) · Immuno · doi:10.3390/immuno4030013 · Cited by 34
“Therefore, it seems that synergistic effects of combined immune checkpoint blockade also come at the cost of greater loss of intrinsic immune-tolerant mechanisms [173].”
BackgroundAnti-CTLA-4 generates greater memory response than anti-PD-1 via TCF-1
Mok, S., Liu, H., Çobanoğlu, D. A., Anang, N.-A. A. S., Mancuso, J. J., Wherry, E. J., & Allison, J. P. (2025) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2418985122 · Cited by 30
Immunotherapy in colorectal cancer
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Iivanainen, S., & Koivunen, J. P. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21020556 · Cited by 30
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Gamat, M., Jeon, D., Johnson, L. E., Moseman, J. E., Muralidhar, A., Potluri, H. K., Rastogi, I., Wargowski, E., Zahm, C. D., & McNeel, D. G. (2020) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers12102831 · Cited by 31
Regulatory T Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment
Dadey, R., Workman, C. J., & Vignali, D. A. A. (2020) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-49270-0_6 · Cited by 32
Wessely, A., Steeb, T., Leiter, U., Garbe, C., Berking, C., & Heppt, M. V. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21239300 · Cited by 29
The Promise of Liquid Biopsy to Predict Response to Immunotherapy in Metastatic Melanoma
Fattore, L., Ruggiero, C. F., Liguoro, D., Castaldo, V., Catizone, A., Ciliberto, G., & Mancini, R. (2021) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2021.645069 · Cited by 31
Multiparametric MRI of early tumor response to immune checkpoint blockade in metastatic melanoma
Lau, D., McLean, M. A., Priest, A. N., Gill, A. B., Scott, F., Patterson, I., Carmo, B., Riemer, F., Kaggie, J. D., Frary, A. J., et al. (2021) · Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer · doi:10.1136/jitc-2021-003125 · Cited by 31
Managing side effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors in breast cancer
Criscitiello, C., Corti, C., Pravettoni, G., & Curigliano, G. (2021) · Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology · doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103354 · Cited by 33
McAuliffe, J., Chan, H. F., Noblecourt, L., Ramirez-Valdez, R. A., Almeida, V. P., Zhou, Y., Pollock, E., Cappuccini, F., Redchenko, I., Hill, A. V. S., et al. (2021) · Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer · doi:10.1136/jitc-2021-003218 · Cited by 33
Self-citationPRMT5: An Emerging Target for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Lee, M. K. C., Grimmond, S. M., McArthur, G. A., & Sheppard, K. E. (2021) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers13205136 · Cited by 30
Self-citationGenetic Landscape and Emerging Therapies in Uveal Melanoma
Seedor, R. S., Orloff, M. M., & Sato, T. (2021) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers13215503 · Cited by 31
Templeton, A. R., Jeffery, P. L., Thomas, P. B., Perera, O. M., Ng, G. K. H., Calabrese, A. R., Nicholls, C., Mackenzie, N. J., Wood, J., Bray, L. J., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2021.767697 · Cited by 31
Emerging Novel Therapeutic Approaches for Treatment of Advanced Cutaneous Melanoma
Comito, F., Pagani, R., Grilli, G., Sperandi, F., Ardizzoni, A., & Melotti, B. (2022) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers14020271 · Cited by 32
“44%) and higher long-term overall survival rates were observed, but also a higher rate of toxicity was reported [5,6].”
Backgroundde Ruiter, B.-M., van Hattum, J. W., Lipman, D., de Reijke, T. M., van Moorselaar, R. J. A., van Gennep, E. J., Piet, A. H. M., Donker, M., van der Hulle, T., Voortman, J., et al. (2022) · European Urology · doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2022.07.009 · Cited by 31
“Additionally, recent literature shows that early ICI discontinuation due to AEs does affect treatment outcomes in melanoma patients [38].”
Ghosh, A., Michels, J., Mezzadra, R., Venkatesh, D., Dong, L., Gomez, R., Samaan, F., Ho, Y.-J., Campesato, L. F., Mangarin, L. M. B., et al. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci148141 · Cited by 30
“To further enhance the effect of combining APR-246 with ICB, we tested dual ICB using a combination of antibodies that block PD-1 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte–associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), a strategy that has been shown to elicit a high response rate in patients with melanoma (19, 20).”
MethodSelf-citationArtificial Intelligence and Advanced Melanoma: Treatment Management Implications
Guerrisi, A., Falcone, I., Valenti, F., Rao, M., Gallo, E., Ungania, S., Maccallini, M. T., Fanciulli, M., Frascione, P., Morrone, A., et al. (2022) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells11243965 · Cited by 32
Gide, T. N., Paver, E. C., Yaseen, Z., Maher, N. G., Adegoke, N. A., Menzies, A. M., da Silva, I. P., Wilmott, J. S., Long, G. V., & Scolyer, R. A. (2023) · OncoImmunology · doi:10.1080/2162402x.2023.2261248 · Cited by 31
“Results from large, randomized Phase 3 trials including patients with unresectable Stage III or Stage IV metastatic melanoma revealed that patients treated with anti-PD-1 ± anti-CTLA-4 had better response rates, PFS and OS, compared to those treated with ipilimumab alone, regardless of PD-L1 expression, indicating tha…”
BackgroundSelf-citationWelti, M., Dimitriou, F., Gutzmer, R., & Dummer, R. (2022) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers14225489 · Cited by 33
Self-citationMorrison, L., & Okines, A. F. C. (2023) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers15153801 · Cited by 29
“Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionised the treatment of several solid tumours such as melanoma and lung cancer [9,10].”
BackgroundPatel, S. P., Othus, M. K. D., Chae, Y. K., Dennis, M. J., Gordon, S. W., Mutch, D. G., Samlowski, W. E., Robinson, W. R. “., Sharon, E., Ryan, C. W., et al. (2023) · Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-2293 · Cited by 29
Haj-Yehia, E., Mincu, R., Korste, S., Lampe, L., Margraf, S. M., Michel, L., Mahabadi, A., Ferdinandy, P., Rassaf, T., & Totzeck, M. (2023) · Clinical Research in Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00392-023-02327-9 · Cited by 26
“Among others, these treatments are used in the therapy of skin cancer and non-small-cell lung cancer [7–11].”
Fiorentino, V., Pizzimenti, C., Franchina, M., Pepe, L. R., Russotto, F., Tralongo, P., Micali, M. G., Militi, G. B., & Lentini, M. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25010676 · Cited by 32
“The 28-8 (Dako) has been employed in the CheckMate067 study, a randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial involving patients with previously untreated advanced melanoma [37,38].”
MethodHieken, T. J., Nelson, G. D., Flotte, T. J., Grewal, E. P., Chen, J., McWilliams, R. R., Kottschade, L. A., Yang, L., Domingo‐Musibay, E., Dronca, R. S., et al. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-45798-8 · Cited by 32
Habib, S., Osborn, G., Willsmore, Z. N., Chew, M. W., Jakubow, S., Fitzpatrick, A., Wu, Y., Sinha, K., Lloyd-Hughes, H., Geh, J. L. C., et al. (2024) · Expert Review of Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1080/1744666x.2024.2326626 · Cited by 30
“…the response rates to ICIs in patients with melanoma is improving, around half of melanoma patients still do not respond combination anti-PD-1/ anti-CTLA-4 therapies, whilst single agent response rates are even lower at ~ 30–40% for anti-PD-1 agents and ~ 10–15% for anti-CTLA-4 agents [91–93].”
BackgroundZhang, Z., Langenbach, M., Sagar, S., Fetsch, V., Stritzker, J., Severa, E., Meng, K., Winkler, F., Rana, N., Zoldan, K., et al. (2024) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41590-024-02027-0 · Cited by 32
Lessons learned from a decade of immune checkpoint inhibition: The good, the bad, and the ugly
Adashek, J. J., Moran, J. A., Le, D. T., & Kurzrock, R. (2025) · Cancer and Metastasis Reviews · doi:10.1007/s10555-025-10260-8 · Cited by 30
“When given in combinations, ICIs can carry a grade 3 toxicity rate > 50% [16].”
The Role of Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 in the Treatment of Skin Cancer
Patrinely, J. R., Dewan, A. K., & Johnson, D. B. (2020) · BioDrugs · doi:10.1007/s40259-020-00428-9 · Cited by 29
From Tank to Treatment: Modeling Melanoma in Zebrafish
Frantz, W. T., & Ceol, C. J. (2020) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells9051289 · Cited by 35
Khushalani, N. I., Diab, A. K., Ascierto, P. A., Larkin, J., Sandhu, S. K., Sznol, M., Koon, H. B., Jarkowski, A., Zhou, M., Statkevich, P., et al. (2020) · Future Oncology · doi:10.2217/fon-2020-0351 · Cited by 29
Self-citationNew Insights into the Role of Sphingolipid Metabolism in Melanoma
Carrié, L., Virazels, M., Dufau, C., Montfort, A., Levade, T., Ségui, B., & Andrieu‐Abadie, N. (2020) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells9091967 · Cited by 36
Refractory thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura related to checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy
Lancelot, M. M., Miller, M. J., Roback, J. D., & Stowell, S. R. (2020) · Transfusion · doi:10.1111/trf.16117 · Cited by 29
Fanciulli, G., Molfetta, S. D., Dotto, A., Florio, T., Feola, T., Rubino, M., de Cicco, F., Colao, A., Faggiano, A., & NIKE Group (2020) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10010088 · Cited by 30
Anti-Cancer Nanomedicines: A Revolution of Tumor Immunotherapy
Li, W., Peng, A., Wu, H., Quan, Y., Li, Y., Lu, L., & Cui, M. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.601497 · Cited by 29
PILE: a candidate prognostic score in cancer patients treated with immunotherapy
Güven, D. C., Yildirim, H. Ç., Bılgın, E., Aktepe, O. H., Taban, H., Şahin, T. K., Çakır, İ. Y., Akın, S., Dızdar, Ö., Aksoy, S., et al. (2021) · Clinical & Translational Oncology · doi:10.1007/s12094-021-02560-6 · Cited by 28
de With, M., Hurkmans, D. P., Hoop, E. O., Lalouti, A., Bins, S., Bouazzaoui, S. E., van Brakel, M., Debets, R., Aerts, J. G. J. V., van Schaik, R. H. N., et al. (2021) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers13061370 · Cited by 29
Development and Validation of a CD8+ T Cell Infiltration-Related Signature for Melanoma Patients
Yuan, Y., Zhu, Z. G., Lan, Y., Duan, S., Zhu, Z., Zhang, X., Li, G., Qu, H., Feng, Y., Cai, H., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.659444 · Cited by 28
Immunotherapy Discontinuation in Metastatic Melanoma: Lessons from Real-Life Clinical Experience
Asher, N., Weller, N. I., Shapira‐Frommer, R., Ben‐Betzalel, G., Schachter, J., Meirson, T., & Markel, G. (2021) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers13123074 · Cited by 29
Karschnia, P., Rhun, É. L., Vogelbaum, M. A., van den Bent, M. J., Grau, S. J., Preusser, M., Soffietti, R., von Baumgarten, L., Westphal, M., Weller, M., et al. (2021) · European Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2021.07.032 · Cited by 30
Garofalo, C., Marco, C. D., & Cristiani, C. M. (2021) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2021.754541 · Cited by 29
Eggermont, A. M. M., Meshcheryakov, A., Atkinson, V. G., Blank, C. U., Mandalà, M., Long, G. V., Barrow, C., Giacomo, A. M. D., Fisher, R. A., Sandhu, S. K., et al. (2021) · European Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2021.09.023 · Cited by 29
Self-citationImmune Checkpoint Blockade and Skin Toxicity Pathogenesis
Ma, B., & Anandasabapathy, N. (2021) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jid.2021.06.040 · Cited by 30
LAG-3 and PD-1 blockade raises the bar for melanoma
Robert, C. (2021) · Nature Cancer · doi:10.1038/s43018-021-00276-8 · Cited by 29
Metadata
- Authors
- Larkin, J., Chiarion-Sileni, V., Gonzalez, R., Grob, J.-J., Rutkowski, P., Lao, C. D., Cowey, C. L., Schadendorf, D., Wagstaff, J., Dummer, R., Ferrucci, P. F., Smylie, M., Hogg, D., Hill, A., Márquez-Rodas, I., Haanen, J., Guidoboni, M., Maio, M., Schöffski, P., Carlino, M. S., Lebbé, C., McArthur, G., Ascierto, P. A., Daniels, G. A., Long, G. V., Bastholt, L., Rizzo, J. I., Balogh, A., Moshyk, A., Hodi, F. S., & Wolchok, J. D.
- Affiliations
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
- From the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.), and the College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea (J.W.) — both in the United Kingdom; the Oncology Institute of Veneto IRCCS, Padua (V.C.-S.), the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan (P.F.F.), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.), the Immunotherapy and Somatic Cell Therapy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Meldola (M.G.), and the Center for Immuno...
- University of Siena (IT)
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- ORCID
- Larkin, James
- Gonzalez, Rene
- Grob, Jean-Jacques
- Rutkowski, Piotr
- Schadendorf, Dirk
- Wagstaff, John
- Dummer, Reinhard
- Ferrucci, Pier F.
- Smylie, Michael
- Hogg, David
- Haanen, John
- Guidoboni, Massimo
- Maio, Michele
- Schöffski, Patrick
- Carlino, Matteo S.
- McArthur, Grant
- Ascierto, Paolo A.
- Daniels, Gregory A.
- Long, Georgina V.
- Bastholt, Lars
- Moshyk, Andriy
- Hodi, F. Stephen
- Wolchok, Jedd D.
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2019-10-17
- Volume
- 381
- Issue
- 16
- Pages
- 1535-1546
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- OpenAlex
- W3043703771
- Cited by
- 3,723
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 257 · 2025: 366 · 2024: 560 · 2023: 656 · 2022: 693 · 2021: 712 · 2020: 453 · 2019: 18
- FWCI
- 195.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
- University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Universitätsbibliographie, Universität Duisburg-Essen (submittedVersion)
- Lirias (submittedVersion)
- Institutional Research Information System University of Ferrara (University of Ferrara) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Use Siena air (University of Siena) (submittedVersion)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)
- Funders
- Amgen
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- Eli Lilly and Company
- Pfizer
- AstraZeneca
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Sanofi
- Array BioPharma
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Les Laboratories Pierre Fabre
- Incyte
- Syndax Pharmaceuticals
- National Institute for Health and Care Research
- Eisai
- Ipsen
- Plexxikon
- EUSA Pharma
- LEO Pharma
- Genentech
- EMD Serono
- Sanofi Genzyme
- Pharmacyclics
- National Cancer Institute (P30CA008748)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cutaneous Melanoma Detection and Management
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Melanoma and MAPK Pathways
- Keywords
- ipilimumab, advanced melanoma, combination immunotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, five-year survival, overall survival, progression-free survival, long-term outcomes, health-related quality of life, CheckMate 067, PD-1 inhibitors, CTLA-4 inhibitors, immune-related adverse events
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