Cited by 1,625COVID-19 Clinical Research StudiesRespiratory Support and MechanismsSARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 18 of the 18 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Observational Study of Hydroxychloroquine in Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19

Open access

Geleris, Joshua, Sun, Yifei, Platt, Jonathan, Zucker, Jason, Baldwin, Matthew, Hripcsak, George, Labella, Angelena, Manson, Daniel K., Kubin, Christine, Barr, R. Graham, Sobieszczyk, Magdalena E., Schluger, Neil W.·2020·New England Journal of Medicine

DOI 10.1056/nejmoa2012410PMC PMC7224609

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Hydroxychloroquine has been widely administered to patients with Covid-19 without robust evidence supporting its use. METHODS: We examined the association between hydroxychloroquine use and intubation or death at a large medical center in New York City. Data were obtained regarding consecutive patients hospitalized with Covid-19, excluding those who were intubated, died, or discharged within 24 hours after presentation to the emergency department (study baseline). The primary end point was a composite of intubation or death in a time-to-event analysis. We compared outcomes in patients who received hydroxychloroquine with those in patients who did not, using a multivariable Cox model with inverse probability weighting according to the propensity score. RESULTS: Of 1446 consecutive patients, 70 patients were intubated, died, or discharged within 24 hours after presentation and were excluded from the analysis. Of the remaining 1376 patients, during a median follow-up of 22.5 days, 811 (58.9%) received hydroxychloroquine (600 mg twice on day 1, then 400 mg daily for a median of 5 days); 45.8% of the patients were treated within 24 hours after presentation to the emergency department, and 85.9% within 48 hours. Hydroxychloroquine-treated patients were more severely ill at baseline than those who did not receive hydroxychloroquine (median ratio of partial pressure of arterial oxygen to the fraction of inspired oxygen, 223 vs. 360). Overall, 346 patients (25.1%) had a primary end-point event (180 patients were intubated, of whom 66 subsequently died, and 166 died without intubation). In the main analysis, there was no significant association between hydroxychloroquine use and intubation or death (hazard ratio, 1.04, 95% confidence interval, 0.82 to 1.32). Results were similar in multiple sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS: In this observational study involving patients with Covid-19 who had been admitted to the hospital, hydroxychloroquine administration was not associated with either a greatly lowered or an increased risk of the composite end point of intubation or death. Randomized, controlled trials of hydroxychloroquine in patients with Covid-19 are needed. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health.).

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1056/nejmoa2012410

Cites

18 of 18 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

1 retracted

Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial
Gautret, P., Lagier, J., Parola, P., Hoang, V. T., Meddeb, L., Mailhe, M., Doudier, B., Courjon, J., Giordanengo, V., Esteves-Vieira, V., et al. (2020) · International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents · doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105949 · Cited by 5,288
Retracted
Multiple Imputation for Nonresponse in Surveys
Rubin, D. B. (1987) · Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics · doi:10.1002/9780470316696 · Cited by 20,701
In Vitro Antiviral Activity and Projection of Optimized Dosing Design of Hydroxychloroquine for the Treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
Yao, X., Ye, F., Zhang, M., Cui, C., Huang, B., Niu, P., Liu, X., Zhao, L. Y., Dong, E., Song, C., et al. (2020) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa237 · Cited by 2,696
New insights on the antiviral effects of chloroquine against coronavirus: what to expect for COVID-19?
Devaux, C. A., Rolain, J., Colson, P., & Raoult, D. (2020) · International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents · doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105938 · Cited by 1,122
Effect of High vs Low Doses of Chloroquine Diphosphate as Adjunctive Therapy for Patients Hospitalized With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Borba, M. G. S., Val, F. F. A., Sampaio, V. S., Alexandre, M. A. A., Melo, G. C., Brito, M., Mourão, M. P. G., Brito-Sousa, J. D., Baía-da-Silva, D., Guerra, M. V. F., et al. (2020) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.8857 · Cited by 1,038
Efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in patients with COVID-19: results of a randomized clinical trialPreprint
Chen, Z., Hu, J., Zhang, Z., Jiang, S., Han, S., Yan, D., Zhuang, R., Hu, B., & Zhang, Z. (2020) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2020.03.22.20040758 · Cited by 861
[A pilot study of hydroxychloroquine in treatment of patients with moderate COVID-19].
Chen, J., Liu, D., Liu, L., Liu, P., Xu, Q., Xia, L., Ling, Y., Huang, D. F., Song, S., Zhang, D., et al. (2020) · PubMed Central · doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-9292.2020.03.03 · Cited by 662
Structural and molecular modelling studies reveal a new mechanism of action of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine against SARS-CoV-2 infection
Fantini, J., Scala, C. D., Chahinian, H., & Yahi, N. (2020) · International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents · doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105960 · Cited by 566
Mechanism of action of hydroxychloroquine as an antirheumatic drug
Fox, R. I. (1993) · Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism · doi:10.1016/s0049-0172(10)80012-5 · Cited by 430
Design and Synthesis of Hydroxyferroquine Derivatives with Antimalarial and Antiviral Activities
Biot, C., Daher, W., Leleu‐Chavain, N., Fandeur, T., Khalife, J., Dive, D., & Clercq, E. D. (2006) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jm0601856 · Cited by 318

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 17 references

Sorted by citations

Items 201–300 of 1,000

Preliminary Experience With Low Molecular Weight Heparin Strategy in COVID-19 Patients
Paolisso, P., Bergamaschi, L., D’Angelo, E. C., Donati, F., Giannella, M., Tedeschi, S., Pascale, R., Bartoletti, M., Tesini, G., Biffi, M., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.01124 · Cited by 72
COVID-19 Outcomes Among Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Case-control Study
Sharma, P., Chen, V. L., Fung, C., Troost, J. P., Patel, V. N., Combs, M. P., Norman, S. P., Garg, P., Colvin, M. M., Aaronson, K. D., et al. (2020) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/tp.0000000000003447 · Cited by 72
Molecular Basis of SARS-CoV‑2 Infection and Rational Design of Potential Antiviral Agents: Modeling and Simulation Approaches
Francés‐Monerris, A., Hognon, C., Miclot, T., García‐Iriepa, C., Iriepa, I., Terenzi, A., Grandemange, S., Barone, G., Marazzi, M., & Monari, A. (2020) · Journal of Proteome Research · doi:10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00779 · Cited by 72
Randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial of hydroxychloroquine with or without azithromycin for virologic cure of non-severe Covid-19
Omrani, A. S., Pathan, S. A., Thomas, S. A., Harris, T. R. E., Coyle, P. V., Thomas, C. E., Qureshi, I., Bhutta, Z. A., Al-Mawlawi, N., Kahlout, R. A. E., et al. (2020) · EClinicalMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100645 · Cited by 72
The role of CD4+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells in the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19: implications for treatment
Wang, Y., Zheng, J., Islam, M. S., Yang, Y., Hu, Y., & Chen, X. (2021) · International Journal of Biological Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijbs.59534 · Cited by 71
Canonical and Noncanonical Autophagy as Potential Targets for COVID-19
Belló-Pérez, M., Sola, I., Novoa, B., Klionsky, D. J., & Falcó, A. (2020) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells9071619 · Cited by 71
Antirheumatic Disease Therapies for the Treatment of COVID‐19: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Putman, M., Chock, Y. P. E., Tam, H. H. Y., Kim, A. H. J., Sattui, S. E., Berenbaum, F., Danila, M. I., Korsten, P., Sánchez-Álvarez, C., Sparks, J. A., et al. (2020) · Arthritis & Rheumatology · doi:10.1002/art.41469 · Cited by 71
Safety and efficacy of Favipiravir in moderate to severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia
Solaymani–Dodaran, M., Ghanei, M., Bagheri, M., Qazvini, A., Vahedi, E., Saadat, S. H., Setarehdan, S. A., Ansarifar, A., Biganeh, H., Mohazzab, A., et al. (2021) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107522 · Cited by 71
A Review on SARS-CoV-2 Virology, Pathophysiology, Animal Models, and Anti-Viral Interventions
Neerukonda, S. N., & Katneni, U. (2020) · Pathogens · doi:10.3390/pathogens9060426 · Cited by 70
Clinical characteristics and predictors of survival in adults with coronavirus disease 2019 receiving tocilizumab
Morrison, A. R., Johnson, J. M., Griebe, K. M., Jones, M. C., Stine, J. J., Hencken, L. N., To, L., Bianchini, M. L., Vahia, A. T., Swiderek, J. L., et al. (2020) · Journal of Autoimmunity · doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102512 · Cited by 70
Repurposing approved drugs as potential inhibitors of 3CL-protease of SARS-CoV-2: Virtual screening and structure based drug design
Meyer‐Almes, F. (2020) · Computational Biology and Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2020.107351 · Cited by 71
Phase 2 randomized study on chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine or ivermectin in hospitalized patients with severe manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Galan, L. E. B., dos Santos, N. M., Asato, M. S., Araújo, J. V., Moreira, A. D. L., Araújo, A. M. M., Paiva, A. D. P., Portella, D. G. S., Marques, F. S. S., Alexandre-Silva, G. M., et al. (2021) · Pathogens and Global Health · doi:10.1080/20477724.2021.1890887 · Cited by 70
Swinging the pendulum: lessons learned from public discourse concerning hydroxychloroquine and COVID-19
Sattui, S. E., Liew, J. W., Graef, E. R., Coler-Reilly, A. L. G., Berenbaum, F., Duarte‐García, A., Harrison, C., Konig, M. F., Korsten, P., Putman, M., et al. (2020) · Expert Review of Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1080/1744666x.2020.1792778 · Cited by 68
COVID‐19‐related disease severity in pregnancy
Thompson, J. L., Nguyen, L. M., Noble, K. N., & Aronoff, D. M. (2020) · American Journal of Reproductive Immunology · doi:10.1111/aji.13339 · Cited by 68
Effect of Combination Therapy of Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin on Mortality in Patients With COVID‐19
Lauriola, M., Pani, A., Ippoliti, G., Mortara, A., Milighetti, S., Marjieh, M., Perseghin, G., Pastori, D., Grosso, P., & Scaglione, F. (2020) · Clinical and Translational Science · doi:10.1111/cts.12860 · Cited by 68
Rapid Assessment of the Potential Paucity and Price Increases for Suggested Medicines and Protection Equipment for COVID-19 Across Developing Countries With a Particular Focus on Africa and the Implications
Sefah, I. A., Ogunleye, O. O., Essah, D. O., Opanga, S. A., Butt, N., Wamaitha, A., Guantai, A. N., Chikowe, I., Khuluza, F., Kibuule, D., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.588106 · Cited by 68
Heterocyclic compounds as antiviral drugs: Synthesis, structure–activity relationship and traditional applications
dos Santos, G. C., Martins, L. M., Bregadiolli, B. A., Moreno, V. F., da Silva‐Filho, L. C., & Silva, B. (2021) · Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry · doi:10.1002/jhet.4349 · Cited by 68
Clinical efficacy of chloroquine derivatives in COVID-19 infection: comparative meta-analysis between the big data and the real world
Million, M., Gautret, P., Colson, P., Roussel, Y., Dubourg, G., Chabrière, É., Honoré, S., Rolain, J., Fenollar, F., Fournier, P., et al. (2020) · New Microbes and New Infections · doi:10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100709 · Cited by 67
COVID-19 in lung transplant recipients: A single center case series from New York City
Aversa, M. M., Benvenuto, L. J., Anderson, M. R., Shah, L., Robbins, H., Pereira, M. R., Scheffert, J. L., Carroll, M., Hum, J., Nolan, M., et al. (2020) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.16241 · Cited by 67
COVID‐19 and immunological regulations – from basic and translational aspects to clinical implications
Schön, M. P., Berking, C., Biedermann, T., Buhl, T., Erpenbeck, L., Eyerich, K., Eyerich, S., Ghoreschi, K., Goebeler, M., Ludwig, R. J., et al. (2020) · JDDG Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft · doi:10.1111/ddg.14169 · Cited by 67
Detection of significant antiviral drug effects on COVID-19 with reasonable sample sizes in randomized controlled trials: A modeling study
Iwanami, S., Ejima, K., Kim, K. S., Noshita, K., Fujita, Y., Miyazaki, T., Kohno, S., Miyazaki, Y., Morimoto, S., Nakaoka, S., et al. (2021) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1003660 · Cited by 67
Autophagy as an emerging target for COVID-19: lessons from an old friend, chloroquine
Bonam, S. R., Muller, S., Bayry, J., & Klionsky, D. J. (2020) · Autophagy · doi:10.1080/15548627.2020.1779467 · Cited by 68
COVID-19 Pandemic in India: Present Scenario and a Steep Climb Ahead
Pal, R., & Yadav, U. (2020) · Journal of Primary Care & Community Health · doi:10.1177/2150132720939402 · Cited by 66
BCG vaccination policy and preventive chloroquine usage: do they have an impact on COVID-19 pandemic?
Sharma, A., Sharma, S. K., Shi, Y., Bucci, E. M., Carafoli, E., Melino, G., Bhattacherjee, A., & Das, G. (2020) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/s41419-020-2720-9 · Cited by 65
Guidelines for COVID-19 Management in Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Recipients
Waghmare, A., Abidi, M. Z., Boeckh, M., Chemaly, R. F., Dadwal, S., Boghdadly, Z. E., Kamboj, M., Papanicolaou, G. A., Pergam, S. A., & Shahid, Z. (2020) · Transplantation and Cellular Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.bbmt.2020.07.027 · Cited by 65
Coronavirus Interplay With Lipid Rafts and Autophagy Unveils Promising Therapeutic Targets
Fecchi, K., Anticoli, S., Peruzzu, D., Iessi, E., Gagliardi, M. C., Matarrese, P., & Ruggieri, A. (2020) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.01821 · Cited by 65
Treating COVID-19 With Hydroxychloroquine (TEACH): A Multicenter, Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial in Hospitalized Patients
Ulrich, R. J., Troxel, A. B., Carmody, E. R., Eapen, J., Bäcker, M., DeHovitz, J. A., Prasad, P. J., Li, Y., Delgado, C., Jrada, M., et al. (2020) · Open Forum Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/ofid/ofaa446 · Cited by 65
COVID-19 and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Focus on Immune Response and Therapeutics
Spihlman, A. P., Gadi, N., Wu, S., & Moulton, V. R. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.589474 · Cited by 65
Systematic Review on the Therapeutic Options for COVID-19: Clinical Evidence of Drug Efficacy and Implications
Abubakar, A. R., Sani, I. H., Godman, B., Kumar, S., Islam, S., Jahan, I., & Haque, M. (2020) · Infection and Drug Resistance · doi:10.2147/idr.s289037 · Cited by 65
Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine for the Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19: A Fiction, Hope or Hype? An Updated Review
Saghir, S. A. M., Al-Gabri, N. A., Alagawany, M. M., Attia, Y. A., Alyileili, S. R., Elnesr, S. S., Shafi, M. E., Alshargi, O., Al-balagi, N., Al-wajeeh, A. S., et al. (2021) · Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management · doi:10.2147/tcrm.s301817 · Cited by 65
Clinical Course and Outcomes of 3,060 Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Korea, January–May 2020
Sung, H. K., Kim, J. Y., Heo, J., Seo, H., Jang, Y.-S., Kim, H., Koh, B. R., Jo, N., Oh, H. S., Baek, Y. M., et al. (2020) · Journal of Korean Medical Science · doi:10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e280 · Cited by 64
Compassionate use of convalescent plasma for treatment of moderate and severe pneumonia in COVID-19 patients and association with IgG antibody levels in donated plasma
Maor‬‏, ‪., Cohen, D., Paran, N., Israely, T., Ezra, V., Axelrod, O., Shinar, E., Izak, M., Rahav, G., Rahimi‐Levene, N., et al. (2020) · EClinicalMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100525 · Cited by 64
COVID-19-like symptoms observed in Chinese tree shrews infected with SARS-CoV-2
Xu, L., 650223，中国, 中.-C. 昆., Yu, D., Ma, Y., Yao, Y., Luo, R.-H., Feng, X.-L., Cai, H., Han, J.-B., Wang, X., et al. (2020) · 动物学研究 · doi:10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.053 · Cited by 63
Managing rheumatoid arthritis during COVID-19
Roongta, R., & Ghosh, A. (2020) · Clinical Rheumatology · doi:10.1007/s10067-020-05358-z · Cited by 63
Efficacy and Safety of Ivermectin and Hydroxychloroquine in Patients with Severe COVID-19: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Gonzalez, J. L. B., Gámez, M. G., Enciso, E. A. M., Maldonado, R. J. E., Palacios, D. H., Campos, S. D., Robles, I. O., Guzmán, M. J. M., Díaz, A. L. G., Peña, C. M. G., et al. (2022) · Infectious Disease Reports · doi:10.3390/idr14020020 · Cited by 63
The Lord of the NanoRings: Cyclodextrins and the battle against SARS-CoV-2
Garrido, P. F., Calvelo, M., Blanco-González, A., Veleiro, U., Suárez-Lestón, F., Conde-Torres, D., Cabezón, A., Piñeiro, Á., & García‐Fandiño, R. (2020) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119689 · Cited by 62
Coronavirus Antiviral Research Database (CoV-RDB): An Online Database Designed to Facilitate Comparisons between Candidate Anti-Coronavirus Compounds
Tzou, P. L., Tao, K., Nouhin, J., Rhee, S., Hu, B. D., Pai, S., Parkin, N. T., & Shafer, R. W. (2020) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v12091006 · Cited by 62
Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine as ACE2 blockers to inhibit viropexis of 2019-nCoV Spike pseudotyped virus
Wang, N., Han, S., Liu, R., Meng, L., He, H., Zhang, Y., Wang, C., Lv, Y., Wang, J., Li, X., et al. (2020) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153333 · Cited by 62
Dendritic cells in COVID-19 immunopathogenesis: insights for a possible role in determining disease outcome
Borges, R. C., Hohmann, M. S., & Borghi, S. M. (2020) · International Reviews of Immunology · doi:10.1080/08830185.2020.1844195 · Cited by 61
COVID-19 : physiopathologie d’une maladie à plusieurs visages
Bonny, V., Maillard, A., Mousseaux, C., Plaçais, L., & Richier, Q. (2020) · La Revue de Médecine Interne · doi:10.1016/j.revmed.2020.05.003 · Cited by 61
HRS/EHRA/APHRS/LAHRS/ACC/AHA worldwide practice update for telehealth and arrhythmia monitoring during and after a pandemic
Varma, N., Marrouche, N. F., Aguinaga, L., Albert, C. M., Arbelo, E., Choi, J., Chung, M. K., Conte, G., Dagher, L., Epstein, L. M., et al. (2020) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/euaa187 · Cited by 61
Real-World Issues and Potential Solutions in Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Perspectives from the Worldwide Network for Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research Health Services and International Studies Committee
Algwaiz, G., Aljurf, M. D., Koh, M., Horowitz, M. M., Ljungman, P. T., Weisdorf, D. J., Saber, W., Kodera, Y., Szer, J., Jawdat, D. M., et al. (2020) · Transplantation and Cellular Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.bbmt.2020.07.021 · Cited by 61
Potential Anti-COVID-19 Therapeutics that Block the Early Stage of the Viral Life Cycle: Structures, Mechanisms, and Clinical Trials
Al‐Horani, R. A., Kar, S., & Aliter, K. F. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21155224 · Cited by 61
Early administration of interleukin-6 inhibitors for patients with severe COVID-19 disease is associated with decreased intubation, reduced mortality, and increased discharge
Sinha, P., Mostaghim, A., Bielick, C. G., McLaughlin, A. L., Hamer, D. H., Wetzler, L. M., Bhadelia, N., Fagan, M. A., Linas, B. P., Assoumou, S. A., et al. (2020) · International Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.07.023 · Cited by 61
Drug Repurposing: A Strategy for Discovering Inhibitors against Emerging Viral Infections
Nascimento, I. J. D. S., de Aquino, T. M., & da Silva‐Júnior, E. F. (2020) · Current Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.2174/0929867327666200812215852 · Cited by 62
Risk factors for mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 at the start of the pandemic in Belgium: a retrospective cohort study
van Halem, K., Bruyndonckx, R., van der Hilst, J. C. H., Cox, J., Driesen, P., Opsomer, M., Steenkiste, E. V., Stessel, B., Dubois, J., & Messiaen, P. (2020) · BMC Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1186/s12879-020-05605-3 · Cited by 61
COVID-19 Lung Pathogenesis in SARS-CoV-2 Autopsy Cases
Valdebenito, S., Bessis, S., Annane, D., de la Grandmaison, G. L., Cramer, E. M., Prideaux, B., Eugenín, E. A., & Bomsel, M. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.735922 · Cited by 61
Inhaled and systemic heparin as a repurposed direct antiviral drug for prevention and treatment of COVID-19
Conzelmann, C., Müller, J. A., Perkhofer, L., Sparrer, K. M. J., Zelikin, A. N., Münch, J., & Kleger, A. (2020) · Clinical Medicine · doi:10.7861/clinmed.2020-0351 · Cited by 61
Hypothesis: Alpha-1-antitrypsin is a promising treatment option for COVID-19
Bai, X., Hippensteel, J. A., Leavitt, A., Maloney, J. P., Beckham, J. D., Garcia, C., Li, Q., Freed, B. M., Ordway, D. J., Sandhaus, R. A., et al. (2020) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110394 · Cited by 61
First principle simulation of coated hydroxychloroquine on Ag, Au and Pt nanoparticles
Morad, R., Akbari, M., Rezaee, P., Koochaki, A., Mâaza, M., & Jamshidi, Z. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-81617-6 · Cited by 61
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing in the COVID-19 endemic phase
Faghy, M. A., Sylvester, K. P., Cooper, B. G., & Hull, J. H. (2020) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1016/j.bja.2020.06.006 · Cited by 61
Drug Repurposing Approaches to Combating Viral Infections
Trivedi, J. S., Mohan, M., & Byrareddy, S. N. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm9113777 · Cited by 62
Effect of Systemic Inflammatory Response to SARS-CoV-2 on Lopinavir and Hydroxychloroquine Plasma Concentrations
Marzolini, C., Stader, F., Stoeckle, M. P., Franzeck, F. C., Egli, A., Bassetti, S., Hollinger, A., Osthoff, M. F., Weisser, M., Gebhard, C. E., et al. (2020) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.01177-20 · Cited by 59
Pathogenesis‐directed therapy of 2019 novel coronavirus disease
Stratton, C. W., Tang, Y., & Lu, H. (2020) · Journal of Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/jmv.26610 · Cited by 59
Virtual and In Vitro Antiviral Screening Revive Therapeutic Drugs for COVID-19
Bocci, G., Bradfute, S. B., Ye, C., Garcia, M. J., Parvathareddy, J., Reichard, W., Surendranathan, S., Bansal, S., Bologa, C., Perkins, D. J., et al. (2020) · ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science · doi:10.1021/acsptsci.0c00131 · Cited by 59
Hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of outpatients with mildly symptomatic COVID-19: a multi-center observational study
Ip, A., Ahn, J., Zhou, Y., Goy, A. H., Hansen, E., Pecora, A. L., Sinclaire, B., Bednarz, U., Marafelias, M., Mathura, S., et al. (2021) · BMC Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1186/s12879-021-05773-w · Cited by 59
Obesity and COVID-19: A Perspective from the European Association for the Study of Obesity on Immunological Perturbations, Therapeutic Challenges, and Opportunities in Obesity
Goossens, G. H., Dicker, D., Farpour‐Lambert, N. J., Frühbeck, G., Müllerová, D., Woodward, E., & Holm, J. (2020) · Obesity Facts · doi:10.1159/000510719 · Cited by 58
Anti-phospholipid syndrome and COVID-19 thrombosis: connecting the dots
Tung, M. L., Tan, B. W. Q., Cherian, R., & Chandra, B. (2021) · Rheumatology Advances in Practice · doi:10.1093/rap/rkaa081 · Cited by 59
An open-label randomized controlled trial evaluating the efficacy of chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine in severe COVID-19 patients
Réa-Neto, Á., Bernardelli, R. S., Câmara, B. M. D., Reese, F. B., Queiroga, M. V. O., & de Oliveira, M. C. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-88509-9 · Cited by 58
Systematic review on role of structure based drug design (SBDD) in the identification of anti-viral leads against SARS-Cov-2
Bajad, N. G., Swetha, R., Gutti, G., Sharma, A., Singh, M., Kumar, A., & Singh, S. K. (2021) · Current Research in Pharmacology and Drug Discovery · doi:10.1016/j.crphar.2021.100026 · Cited by 58
Infection and chronic disease activate a systemic brain-muscle signaling axis
Yang, S., Tian, M., Dai, Y., Wang, R., Yamada, S., Feng, S., Wang, Y., Chhangani, D., Ou, T., Li, W., et al. (2024) · Science Immunology · doi:10.1126/sciimmunol.adm7908 · Cited by 58
Clinical characteristics of 1007 intensive care unitpatients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia
Glybochko, P. V., Fomin, V. V., Avdeev, S. N., Moiseev, S. V., Yavorovskiy, A. G., Brovko, M., Umbetova, K., Алиев, В. А., Львовна, Б. Е., Bondarenko, I., et al. (2020) · Clinical pharmacology and therapy · doi:10.32756/0869-5490-2020-2-21-29 · Cited by 58
COVID‐19 pathogenesis, prognostic factors, and treatment strategy: Urgent recommendations
Zhou, B., Kojima, S., Kawamoto, A., & Fukushima, M. (2020) · Journal of Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/jmv.26754 · Cited by 58
Utilisation, Availability and Price Changes of Medicines and Protection Equipment for COVID-19 Among Selected Regions in India: Findings and Implications
Haque, M., Kumar, S., Charan, J., Bhatt, R., Islam, S., Dutta, S., Abhayanand, J. P., Sharma, Y., Sefah, I. A., Kurdi, A. B., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.582154 · Cited by 57
Observational study of haloperidol in hospitalized patients with COVID-19
Hoertel, N., Rico, M. S., Vernet, R., Jannot, A., Neuraz, A., Blanco, C., Lemogne, C., Airagnes, G., Paris, N., Daniel, C., et al. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0247122 · Cited by 57
Quinine Inhibits Infection of Human Cell Lines with SARS-CoV-2
Große, M., Ruétalo, N., Layer, M., Hu, D., Businger, R., Rheber, S., Setz, C., Rauch, P., Auth, J., Fröba, M., et al. (2021) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v13040647 · Cited by 57
Melatonin is significantly associated with survival of intubated COVID-19 patientsPreprint
Ramlall, V., Zucker, J. E., & Tatonetti, N. P. (2020) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2020.10.15.20213546 · Cited by 57
Self-citation
New Coronaviral Infection: Features of Clinical Course, Capabilities of Diagnostics, Treatment and Prevention in Adults and Children
Starshinova, A. A., Kushnareva, E. A., Malkova, A. M., Dovgalyuk, I. F., & Kudlay, D. A. (2020) · Вопросы современной педиатрии · doi:10.15690/vsp.v19i2.2105 · Cited by 56
Cardiovascular adverse events associated with hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine: A comprehensive pharmacovigilance analysis of pre‐COVID‐19 reports
Goldman, A., Bomze, D., Dankner, R. S., Hod, H., Meirson, T., Boursi, B., & Maor, E. (2020) · British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/bcp.14546 · Cited by 56
Prevention and treatment of COVID-19: Focus on interferons, chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, and vaccine
Bakadia, B. M., He, F., Souho, T., Lamboni, L., Ullah, M. W., Boni, B. O. O., Ahmed, A. A. Q., Mukole, B. M., & Yang, G. (2020) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111008 · Cited by 56
Organ Donation and Transplantation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Summary of the Spanish Experience
Domínguez‐Gil, B., Fernández‐Ruiz, M., Hernández, D., Crespo, M., Colmenero, J., Coll, E., & Rubio, J. J. (2020) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/tp.0000000000003528 · Cited by 56
Impact of corticosteroids and immunosuppressive therapies on symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in a large cohort of patients with chronic inflammatory arthritis
Favalli, E. G., Bugatti, S., Klersy, C., Biggioggero, M., Rossi, S., Lucia, O. D., Bobbio‐Pallavicini, F., Murgo, A., Balduzzi, S., Caporali, R. F., et al. (2020) · Arthritis Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/s13075-020-02395-6 · Cited by 56
Old Drugs for a New Virus: Repurposed Approaches for Combating COVID-19
Saul, S., & Einav, S. (2020) · ACS Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00343 · Cited by 56
COVID-19 disparities: An urgent call for race reporting and representation in clinical research
Borno, H. T., Zhang, S., & Gomez, S. L. (2020) · Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications · doi:10.1016/j.conctc.2020.100630 · Cited by 56
Hydroxychloroquine is associated with slower viral clearance in clinical COVID-19 patients with mild to moderate disease
Mallat, J., Hamed, F., Balkis, M. M., Mohamed, M. A., Mooty, M., Malik, A., Nusair, A. R., & Bonilla, M.-F. (2020) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000023720 · Cited by 55
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Safety and efficacy of favipiravir versus hydroxychloroquine in management of COVID-19: A randomised controlled trial
Dabbous, H. M., El-Sayed, M. H., Assal, G. E., Elghazaly, H. A., Ebeid, F. S. E., Sherief, A. F., Elgaafary, M., Fawzy, E., Hassany, S. M., Riad, A. R., et al. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-85227-0 · Cited by 55
Retracted
Utilitarian Principlism as a Framework for Crisis Healthcare Ethics
Vearrier, L. E., & Henderson, C. M. (2021) · HEC Forum · doi:10.1007/s10730-020-09431-7 · Cited by 55
Myocardial injury determination improves risk stratification and predicts mortality in COVID-19 patients
Lorente-Ros, Á., Ruiz, J. M. M., Rincon, L. M., Pérez, R. O., Fidalgo, S. R., Moya, R. R. M., Sanroman, M., Manzano, L., Salinas, G. L. A., Ibáñez, B., et al. (2020) · Cardiology Journal · doi:10.5603/cj.a2020.0089 · Cited by 54
A pharmacological perspective of chloroquine in SARS-CoV-2 infection: An old drug for the fight against a new coronavirus?
Oscanoa, T. J., Romero‐Ortuño, R., Carvajal, A., & Savarino, A. (2020) · International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents · doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.106078 · Cited by 54
Initial Report From a Swedish High-volume Transplant Center After the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Felldin, M., Søfteland, J. M., Magnusson, J. M., Ekberg, J., Karason, K., Schult, A., Larsson, H., Oltean, M., & Friman, V. (2020) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/tp.0000000000003436 · Cited by 54
Molecular docking identification for the efficacy of some zinc complexes with chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine against main protease of COVID-19
Hussein, R. K., & El-Khair, H. M. (2021) · Journal of Molecular Structure · doi:10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.129979 · Cited by 54
PEGylated nanoparticle albumin-bound steroidal ginsenoside derivatives ameliorate SARS-CoV-2-mediated hyper-inflammatory responses
Park, H. H., Kim, H., Lee, H. S., Seo, E. U., Kim, J.-E., Lee, J.-H., Mun, Y., Yoo, S.-Y., An, J., Yun, M., et al. (2021) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120827 · Cited by 54
Efficacy and Safety of Anti-malarial Drugs (Chloroquine and Hydroxy-Chloroquine) in Treatment of COVID-19 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Das, R. R., Jaiswal, N., Dev, N., Jaiswal, N., Naik, S. S., & Sankar, J. (2020) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2020.00482 · Cited by 54
Biological activity-based modeling identifies antiviral leads against SARS-CoV-2
Huang, R., Xu, M., Zhu, H., Chen, C. Z., Zhu, W. J., Lee, E. M., He, S., Zhang, L., Zhao, J., Shamim, K., et al. (2021) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/s41587-021-00839-1 · Cited by 54
Protocol for the DisCoVeRy trial: multicentre, adaptive, randomised trial of the safety and efficacy of treatments for COVID-19 in hospitalised adults
Ader, F. (2020) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041437 · Cited by 53
Therapeutic Effectiveness and Safety of Repurposing Drugs for the Treatment of COVID-19: Position Standing in 2021
Alam, S., Kamal, T. B., Sarker, M. M. R., Zhou, J., Rahman, S. M. A., & Mohamed, I. N. (2021) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.659577 · Cited by 53
The Relationship Between Vitamin D and Infections Including COVID-19: Any Hopes?
Taha, R., Abureesh, S., Alghamdi, S., Hassan, R., Cheikh, M., Bagabir, R. A., Almoallim, H. M., & Abdulkhaliq, A. A. (2021) · International Journal of General Medicine · doi:10.2147/ijgm.s317421 · Cited by 53
Kidney injury in COVID-19 patients, drug development and their renal complications: Review study
Yarijani, Z. M., & Najafi, H. (2021) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111966 · Cited by 52
Placental transfer and safety in pregnancy of medications under investigation to treat coronavirus disease 2019
Louchet, M., Sibiude, J., Peytavin, G., Picone, O., Tréluyer, J., & Mandelbrot, L. (2020) · American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM · doi:10.1016/j.ajogmf.2020.100159 · Cited by 52
Insight into the pediatric and adult dichotomy of COVID‐19: Age‐related differences in the immune response to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
Fialkowski, A., Gernez, Y., Arya, P., Weinacht, K. G., Kinane, T. B., & Yonker, L. M. (2020) · Pediatric Pulmonology · doi:10.1002/ppul.24981 · Cited by 52
Hydroxychloroquine Inhibits the Trained Innate Immune Response to Interferons
Rother, N., Yanginlar, C., Lindeboom, R. G. H., Bekkering, S., van Leent, M. M. T., Buijsers, B., Jonkman, I., de Graaf, M. J. J., Baltissen, M. P. A., Lamers, L. A., et al. (2020) · Cell Reports Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100146 · Cited by 53
Deciphering the Role of Host Genetics in Susceptibility to Severe COVID-19
Carter-Timofte, M. E., Jørgensen, S. E., Freytag, M. R., Thomsen, M. M., Andersen, N.-S. B., Al-Mousawi, A., Hait, A. S., & Mogensen, T. H. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.01606 · Cited by 52
No benefit of hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19: Results of Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials”
Pathak, S. K., Salunke, A. A., Thivari, P. S., Pandey, A. K., NANDY, K., Ratna, H. V. K., Pandey, D. S., Chawla, J. S., Mujawar, J., Dhanwate, A., et al. (2020) · Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Clinical Research & Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2020.08.033 · Cited by 51
An update review of globally reported SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in preclinical and clinical stages
Motamedi, H., Ari, M. M., Dashtbin, S., Fathollahi, M., Hossainpour, H., Alvandi, A., Moradi, J., & Abiri, R. (2021) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107763 · Cited by 51
Association between FIASMA psychotropic medications and reduced risk of intubation or death in individuals with psychiatric disorders hospitalized for severe COVID-19: an observational multicenter study
Hoertel, N., Rico, M. S., Gulbins, E., Kornhuber, J., Carpinteiro, A., Lenze, E. J., Reiersen, A. M., Abellán, M., de la Muela, P., Vernet, R., et al. (2022) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-022-01804-5 · Cited by 51
Comparison of hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir/ritonavir, and standard of care in critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia: an opportunistic retrospective analysis
Lecronier, M., Beurton, A., Burrel, S., Haudebourg, L., Déléris, R., Marec, J. L., Virolle, S., Nemlaghi, S., Bureau, C., Mora, P., et al. (2020) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s13054-020-03117-9 · Cited by 50
In silico study of azithromycin, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine and their potential mechanisms of action against SARS-CoV-2 infection
Braz, H. L. B., Silveira, J. A. D. M., Marinho, A. D., de Moraes, M. E. A., de Moraes, M. O., Monteiro, H. S. A., & Jorge, R. J. B. (2020) · International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents · doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.106119 · Cited by 50
WGO Guidance for the Care of Patients With COVID-19 and Liver Disease
Hamid, S. S., Álvares‐da‐Silva, M. R., Burak, K. W., Chen, T., Drenth, J. P. H., Esmat, G., Gaspar, R., LaBrecque, D. R., Lee, A. R., Macedo, G., et al. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology · doi:10.1097/mcg.0000000000001459 · Cited by 50
Azithromycin through the Lens of the COVID-19 Treatment
Kournoutou, G. G., & Dinos, G. P. (2022) · Antibiotics · doi:10.3390/antibiotics11081063 · Cited by 50
The evolving obesity challenge: targeting the vagus nerve and the inflammatory reflex in the response
Pavlov, V. A. (2020) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107794 · Cited by 50

Authors: Geleris, J., Sun, Y., Platt, J., Zucker, J., Baldwin, M., Hripcsak, G., Labella, A., Manson, D. K., Kubin, C., Barr, R. G., Sobieszczyk, M. E., & Schluger, N. W.
Affiliations: Columbia University Irving Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author: Schluger, Neil W.
ORCID: Geleris, Joshua
Sun, Yifei
Platt, Jonathan
Zucker, Jason
Baldwin, Matthew
Hripcsak, George
Manson, Daniel K.
Kubin, Christine
Barr, R. Graham
Sobieszczyk, Magdalena E.
Schluger, Neil W.
Venue: New England Journal of Medicine
Publisher: Massachusetts Medical Society
Published: 2020-06-18
Volume: 382
Issue: 25
Pages: 2411-2418
ISSN: 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
1533-4406
DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2012410
PMC: PMC7224609
OpenAlex: W3023346879
Cited by: 1,625
References: 17
Citations by year: 2026: 16 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 57 · 2023: 80 · 2022: 167 · 2021: 440 · 2020: 839
FWCI: 49.99
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.nejmgroup.org/legal/terms-of-use.htm (vor)
Locations: New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (RO1-HL077612, RO1-HL093081, RO1-HL121270, RO1-LM006910)
National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (200-2009-32593)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
Keywords: hydroxychloroquine, COVID-19 pandemic, mechanical ventilation, intubation, mortality, hospitalized patients, antimalarial drugs, treatment efficacy, propensity score weighting, SARS-CoV-2
MeSH terms: Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 Drug Treatment, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Hospitalization, Humans, Hydroxychloroquine, Intubation, Male, Middle Aged, New York City, Pneumonia, Viral, Treatment Failure, Coronavirus Infections, Propensity Score, Pandemics

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Observational Study of Hydroxychloroquine in Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks