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Alleviating Suffering 101 — Pain Relief in the United States
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An Institute of Medicine committee has found that the magnitude of pain in the United States is vast — and costly. It concluded that relieving acute and chronic pain is a significant overlooked problem and that education is key to the cultural transformation required.
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“the economic burden of pain in the United States was estimated to be $560-635 billion in 2012.10”
From Pain and Evil: From Local Nociception to Misery Following Social Harm (2020) · cites this paper as [10]
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“At least 100 million Americans are suffering from chronic pain and associated healthcare cost is considered higher than heart disease, diabetes and malignancy [9,10].”
BackgroundMedicolegal Aspects of Pain Medicine with Special Reference to Opioid Therapy
Racz, G. B., Noe, C. E., Hansen, T. F., & Munglani, R. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-27607-6_12
McJunkin, B., Kemper, S. E., Kodali, B. S., Chunchulu, S., Smith, M. B., & Shah, N. (2016) · West Virginia Medical Journal · doi:10.21885/wvmj.2016.17
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Rowe, J. E., & Caprio, A. J. (2013)
Interventional Modalities for Chronic Pain Management
Kaur, D. H. (2017) · Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research · doi:10.18535/jmscr/v5i7.116
Antony, A. B., Hsu, Y.-N. M., & Przkora, R. (2017) · Techniques in Orthopaedics · doi:10.1097/bto.0000000000000236
“An overwhelming 116 million people in America have pain that lasts from weeks to months and, according to the Institute of Medicine, the financial costs range from $560 to $650 billion per year.(20,21) Another issue related to adverse health effects that may be directly related to increased prescription drug misuse an…”
BackgroundMontero-Cuadrado, F. (2017) · Gredos (University of Salamanca) · doi:10.14201/gredos.137103
Du symptôme douleur à la maladie douleur
Raffaeli, W. (2015) · Revue des sciences sociales · doi:10.4000/revss.2777
O’Connor, L. (2019) · Advanced practice in nursing · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-91695-8_7
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Eshraghi, Y., Boiangu, A., & Guirguis, M. N. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-40449-9_39
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Vehof, J., & Hammond, C. J. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-82753-9.00008-4
Lynn, A. M. (2018) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.732715202.793549522
Rosenberg, P. A. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-54701-0_8
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Sánchez, M. A. T., Saa, A., Hernandez, O., Garcia, J., & García‐Perdomo, H. A. (2022) · Médecine Palliative · doi:10.1016/j.medpal.2022.05.001
Habibi, B., Acker, G. M. V., & Kim, C. H. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-87584-4.00025-5
López, F. M., Alonso, L. V., Clemente, D., et al. (2023) · Rheumato · doi:10.3390/rheumato3030013
“Moreover, pain-related costs exceed those of other conditions such as cancer, cardiovascular disease and diabetes [2].”
BackgroundSuffering in the Workplace from a Philosophical View
Ormaechea, S. L., Gismera, E., Paredes, C., et al. (2022) · HUMAN REVIEW International Humanities Review / Revista Internacional de Humanidades · doi:10.37819/humanrev.v11i.910
Suffering in the Workplace from a Philosophical View
Ormaechea, S. L., Gismera, E., Paredes, C., et al. (2022) · HUMAN REVIEW International Humanities Review / Revista Internacional de Humanidades · doi:10.37819/revhuman.v11i.910
Gene Therapy in the Setting of Chronic Pain Medicine
Beniwal, A., Amin, S., Remotti, E. J., et al. (2025) · Anesthesia & Analgesia · doi:10.1213/ane.0000000000007774
Lersch, K. M. (2025) · Urban Social Work · doi:10.1891/usw-2024-0028
Ashcraft, L. E., Moon, D. J., Merlin, J. S., Eack, S. M., & Rogal, S. S. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22603838
Ashcraft, L. E., Moon, D. J., Merlin, J. S., Eack, S. M., & Rogal, S. S. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22603841
Epplin, J. J., Higuchi, M., Gajendra, N., et al. (2014) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-08936-4.00036-4
Effect of Fractalkine Signaling on Neuroinflammation and Neuropathic Pain–like Behavior in Mice
Fan, Q., Kim, J., Zhang, J., Zhang, Q., Hwang, M., Li, J., Li, F., Yin, Y., Han, Y., Shah, K., et al. (2026) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/aln.0000000000006257 · Cited by 1
McCrae, C. S., Curtis, A. F., Stearns, M. A., Craggs, J. G., Wilson, J., Henderson, H., Popoola, O., Holland, B., & Miller, M. B. (2026) · Behavioral Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1080/15402002.2026.2685151
Cameron, M., Katzman, M., Lalonde, C., et al. (2026) · Clinical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2026.111180
Virtual screening of GPR37L1 small-molecule modulator for neuropathic pain
Chandra, S., Xu, J., Bang, S., Guo, R., & Ji, R. (2026) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000004075
Luo, Z., Liu, J., Cui, X., Uniyal, A., Wan, J., Zheng, Q., & Guan, Y. (2026) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000004106
Metadata
- Authors
- Pizzo, P. A., & Clark, N. M.
- Affiliations
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- University of Michigan (US)
- ORCID
- Pizzo, Philip A.
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2012-01-19
- Volume
- 366
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 197-199
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- OpenAlex
- W2072724964
- Cited by
- 231
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 27
- FWCI
- 40.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Opioid Use
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Anesthesia and Pain Management
- Keywords
- analgesia, chronic pain, acute pain, pain management, Institute of Medicine report, pain education, cultural change, health care costs, United States
- MeSH terms
- Clinical Competence, Education, Medical, Humans, United States, National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine, U.S., Health and Medicine Division, Advisory Committees, Chronic Pain, Pain Management
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