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Cited by 563Maritime Ports and LogisticsSupply Chain Resilience and Risk ManagementMaritime Transport Emissions and Efficiency

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 38 of the 38 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Disruptions and resilience in global container shipping and ports: the COVID-19 pandemic versus the 2008–2009 financial crisis

Open access
Notteboom, Theo, Pallis, Thanos, Rodrigue, Jean-Paul·2021·Maritime Economics & Logistics
DOI 10.1057/s41278-020-00180-5PMC PMC7781181
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Abstract

Economic shocks test the resilience and adaptability of the shipping industry and container ports. Each crisis triggers different ramifications in the container market. This paper investigates the temporal and spatial sequences of the supply and demand shocks of COVID-19 on container ports and the container shipping industry by comparing these events to the 2008–2009 financial crisis. Using operational and financial data from primary and secondary sources, we analyze short-term impacts and their differences, the reasons for these variations, and the evolution in the adaptive capacity and resilience of ports, terminal operators, and carriers. The analysis revolves around several inter-related domains: impacts on global supply chains; impacts on operational aspects, market structure, and strategic behavior of shipping lines and terminal operators; impacts on port activity levels in terms of vessel calls and container volumes handled; and network impacts in terms of changes in aspects of container port connectivity. The changes observed and the strategic behavior of the market players involved reveal that further adaptation mechanisms, such as slow steaming, economies of scale, and capacity management, have been applied differently between the financial crisis and COVID-19, resulting in different outcomes. For an external shock such as COVID-19, impacts are the outcome of how ports and the shipping industry fit within complex supply chains and the cargo composition handled by ports.

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Show all 38 references

Research works printed but not linked: 10

  1. Drewry. 2019. Global Container Terminal Operators: Annual Review and Forecast. London: Drewry.
  2. Knowler, G. 2020a. Extent of Chinese Factory Slump Supports Fears over Inventory Levels. Journal of Commerce, March 4, 2020.
  3. Knowler, G. 2020b. Alliances Outline Extensive Blank Sailings for Q3. Journal of Commerce, June 3, 2020.
  4. Meditteranean Shipping Company (MSC). 2020. Suspension of Transit. Geneva: MSC.
  5. Mintel International. 2009. Brands—Are Supermarkets Squeezing Out Brands?. UK: Mintel International Group Ltd.
  6. Notteboom, T., and A.A. Pallis. 2020. WPSP/IAPH COVID-19 COVID-19 Port Economic Impact Barometer, September 2020. Antwerp: IAPH.
  7. UNCTAD. 2020a. COVID-10 and Maritime Transport: Impact and Responses. UNCATD/DTL/TLB/NF/2020/1. Geneva: UNCTAD.
  8. UNCTAD. 2020b. Review of Maritime Transpot 2020. Geneva: UNCTAD.
  9. World Health Organization. 2020. Shortage of Personal Protective Equipment Endangering Health Workers Worldwide, News Release. Geneva: WHO.
  10. World Trade Organization. 2020. Trade Set to Plunge as COVID-19 Pandemic Upends Global Economy, News Release. Geneva: WTO.

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Metadata

Authors
Notteboom, T., Pallis, T., & Rodrigue, J.-P.
Affiliations
  • University of Antwerp (BE)
  • University of the Aegean (GR)
  • Hofstra University (US)
Corresponding author
Notteboom, Theo
ORCID
Venue
Maritime Economics & Logistics
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2021-01-04
Volume
23
Issue
2
Pages
179-210
ISSN
  • 1479-2931 (ISSN-L)
  • 1479-294X
DOI
10.1057/s41278-020-00180-5
PMC
PMC7781181
OpenAlex
W3120887917
Semantic Scholar
dd9289b14e4057822dbb81d95378eb68b77a7182
Cited by
521
References
38
Citations by year
2026: 122 · 2025: 83 · 2024: 92 · 2023: 97 · 2022: 97 · 2021: 30
FWCI
40.87
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Maritime Economics & Logistics (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering › Maritime Ports and Logistics
  • Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Supply Chain Resilience and Risk Management
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Maritime Transport Emissions and Efficiency
Keywords
container shipping, container ports, COVID-19 pandemic, 2008 financial crisis, supply chain disruption, port resilience, slow steaming, economies of scale, capacity management, shipping lines, terminal operators, market structure

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