Conceptual design of a high efficiency large capacity hydrogen liquefier
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to propose a hydrogen liquefier with very high efficiency. One important theoretical tool is the exergy analysis of the single process step as well as the overall cycle. This will be needed for the choice of the optimum hydrogen feed pressure as well as for the handling of the ortho-para conversion. Modern helium refrigerators are being built with up to 10 expansion turbines placed strategically in the cycle to obtain overall optimum efficiency. We are proposing to do the same for the hydrogen liquefier and to choose a helium-neon mixture as refrigerant, which allows the use the best available compression system. The preliminary design of the plant shows that a thermodynamic efficiency of the total plant in the order of 60% is feasible. This results in an overall power requirement of 5 to 7 kW-h per kg of liquid hydrogen, depending on the pressure of the feed and the temperature of the product. These values for the power consumption are recommended as bench marks for future studies on large scale hydrogen liquefaction.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Quack et al. developed an ethane-propane Joule-Brayton pre-cooling Claude process using helium-neon as a refrigerant in the cryogenic module, and the system showed a specific energy consumption of 5-7 kWh_el/kg-H2.
“Quack et al. [102] developed an ethane-propane Joule-Brayton precooling Claude process using helium-neon as a refrigerant in the cryogenic module, and the system showed a specific energy consumption of 5 kWh el /kg-H 2 -7 kWh el /kg-H 2 .”
From 5917. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14185917. - (2021) · cites this paper as [102]
Using H2 as refrigerant has drawbacks including inability to decrease temperature below the H2 boiling point, high SEC of compressors, and high penetration in equipment due to low molecular mass and low system efficiency.
“Its application includes drawbacks such as the inability to decrease the temperature below the H2 boiling point, the high SEC of compressors, and high penetration in equipment structure due to low molecular mass and low system efficiency.165,194”
From Strategies To Improve the Performance of Hydrogen Storage Systems by Liquefaction Methods: A Comprehensive Review (2023) · cites this paper as [165]
No citation lists for this paper
No citation lists for this paper yet — checked again daily.
Cited by 121
- Authors
- Quack, H.
- Affiliations
- Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Quack, H.
- Venue
- AIP Conference Proceedings
- Publisher
- AIP
- Published
- 2002
- Volume
- 613
- Pages
- 255-263
- ISSN
- 0094-243X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1620037480
- Cited by
- 121
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 0.60
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- AIP conference proceedings (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Advanced Thermodynamic Systems and Engines
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Thermodynamic and Exergetic Analyses of Power and Cooling Systems
- Keywords
- hydrogen liquefier, hydrogen liquefaction, exergy analysis, ortho-para conversion, helium refrigeration, expansion turbine, thermodynamic efficiency, power consumption, large-scale hydrogen production
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
