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Energy minimization for self-organized structure formation and actuation
Abstract
An approach for creating complex structures with embedded actuation in planar manufacturing steps is presented. Self-organization and energy minimization are central to this approach, illustrated with a model based on minimization of the hyperelastic free energy strain function of a stretched elastomer and the bending elastic energy of a plastic frame. A tulip-shaped gripper structure illustrates the technological potential of the approach. Advantages are simplicity of manufacture, complexity of final structures, and the ease with which any electroactive material can be exploited as means of actuation.
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Citations
Cited by
Soft Actuators for Small-Scale Robotics
Hines, L., Petersen, K., Lum, G. Z., & Sitti, M. (2017) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.201603483 · Cited by 1,337
Method to analyze electromechanical stability of dielectric elastomers
Zhao, X., & Suo, Z. (2007) · Applied Physics Letters · doi:10.1063/1.2768641 · Cited by 470
Besse, N., Rosset, S., Zarate, J. J., & Shea, H. (2017) · Advanced Materials Technologies · doi:10.1002/admt.201700102 · Cited by 132
Metadata
- Authors
- Kofod, G., Wirges, W., Paajanen, M., & Bauer, S.
- Venue
- Applied Physics Letters
- Publisher
- AIP Publishing
- Published
- 2007-02-19
- Volume
- 90
- Issue
- 8
- ISSN
- 0003-6951 (ISSN-L)
- 1077-3118
- OpenAlex
- W2028969927
- Cited by
- 367
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 26.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Energy minimization for self-organized structure formation and actuation. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1063/1.2695785
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- Kofod, G., Wirges, W., Paajanen, M., & Bauer, S. (2007). Energy minimization for self-organized structure formation and actuation. Applied Physics Letters. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2695785
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
