Cited by 131Oceanographic and Atmospheric ProcessesMicroplastics and Plastic PollutionArctic and Antarctic ice dynamics

How well-connected is the surface of the global ocean?

Froyland, Gary, Stuart, Robyn M., van Sebille, Erik·2014·Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science

Abstract

The Ekman dynamics of the ocean surface circulation is known to contain attracting regions such as the great oceanic gyres and the associated garbage patches. Less well-known are the extents of the basins of attractions of these regions and how strongly attracting they are. Understanding the shape and extent of the basins of attraction sheds light on the question of the strength of connectivity of different regions of the ocean, which helps in understanding the flow of buoyant material like plastic litter. Using short flow time trajectory data from a global ocean model, we create a Markov chain model of the surface ocean dynamics. The surface ocean is not a conservative dynamical system as water in the ocean follows three-dimensional pathways, with upwelling and downwelling in certain regions. Using our Markov chain model, we easily compute net surface upwelling and downwelling, and verify that it matches observed patterns of upwelling and downwelling in the real ocean. We analyze the Markov chain to determine multiple attracting regions. Finally, using an eigenvector approach, we (i) identify the five major ocean garbage patches, (ii) partition the ocean into basins of attraction for each of the garbage patches, and (iii) partition the ocean into regions that demonstrate transient dynamics modulo the attracting garbage patches.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1063/1.4892530

Cites

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. 1998, Markov Chains
  2. 1995, Perturbation Theory for Linear Operators

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Authors
Froyland, G., Stuart, R. M., & van Sebille, E.
Affiliations
  • UNSW Sydney (AU)
  • The University of New South Wales 2 Climate Change Research Centre and ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science, , Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
Venue
Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science
Published
2014-09-01
Volume
24
Issue
3
Pages
033126-033126
ISSN
  • 1054-1500 (ISSN-L)
  • 1089-7682
OpenAlex
W1988635681
Cited by
131
References
39
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 9
FWCI
6.88
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Chaos An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Microplastics and Plastic Pollution
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
Keywords
ocean surface currents, basins of attraction, garbage patches, ocean connectivity, Markov chain model, transient dynamics, upwelling and downwelling, eigenvector method, global ocean model

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