The DOI matches its Crossref record; 36 of the 39 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
On Qualculation, Agency, and Otherness
Abstract
In this paper we explore the boundary between calculative and noncalculative action by arguing that these are separate but mutually constitutive. By using the notion of qualculation, a neologism coined by Cochoy, we redefine the notion of calculation to include judgment. We then argue that making qualculability is not trivial: that it takes effort to create calculation and judgment. But it also takes effort to consider nonqualculability. Two strategies for achieving nonqualculability are identified, those of rarefaction and proliferation. Rarefaction, illustrated by the cases of Quaker worship and selfless love or agapè, works by withdrawing all qualculative resources. Conversely, proliferation, illustrated by the attribution of cause and responsibility after railway accidents, and by a major television fund-raiser, the ‘Téléthon’, works to impede calculation by an overload of qualculative resources.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The grain store thus became not only a repository but a calculative arrangement through which economic flows could be aligned with governance objectives such as fiscal preparedness, disaster relief, and social stability.”
From State, great families, and Buddhism: monasticism as calculation in the fiscal governance of early medieval China (2026) · cites this paper as Callon and Law's (2005)
In the citing paper
“Building on Callon and Muniesa's (2005) and Callon and Law's (2005) conception of calculation as a materially organized process, this section shows how Buddhist monastic institutions functioned as fiscal calculative spaces through three interrelated mechanisms-detachment, manipulation and transformation, and extraction-within which people, land, and wealth were progressively rendered calculable”
From State, great families, and Buddhism: monasticism as calculation in the fiscal governance of early medieval China (2026) · cites this paper as Callon and Law's (2005)
In the citing paper
“Drawing on Callon and Muniesa's (2005) and Callon and Law's (2005) conceptualization of calculation as a process of detachment, transformation, and extraction, the analysis has shown that monasteries were not merely affected by state fiscal interventions but were actively constituted as institutional infrastructures that enabled calculation to take place.”
From State, great families, and Buddhism: monasticism as calculation in the fiscal governance of early medieval China (2026) · cites this paper as Callon and Law's (2005)
Citations
Cites
Powers, C. H., & Giddens, A. (1988) · Social Forces · doi:10.2307/2579442 · Cited by 8,854
Laboratory Life: The Construction of Scientific Facts
Latour, B. (1986) · DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) · Cited by 7,491
Economy and Society: An Outline of Interpretive Sociology
Poggi, G. (1969) · Sociology · doi:10.1177/003803856900300342 · Cited by 6,851
The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism
Weber, M. (2005) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203995808 · Cited by 6,405
Law, J. (2004) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203481141 · Cited by 5,274
Self-citationNormal Accidents: Living with High Risk Technologies
Grimes, A. J., & Perrow, C. B. (1985) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.2307/257982 · Cited by 4,985
The Body Multiple: Ontology in Medical Practice
Mol, A. (2002) · doi:10.1215/9780822384151 · Cited by 4,381
The Audit Society: Rituals of Verification
Quam, L. (1998) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.316.7133.787a · Cited by 3,611
The Audit Society: Rituals of VerificationPreprint
Power, M. (1999) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 3,597
Sahlins, M., & Graeber, D. (2017) · Routledge (orig. 1972) · doi:10.4324/9781315184951 · Cited by 3,159
Research works printed but not linked: 9
- Boltanski L, 1987, Les Économies de la Grandeur, 32
- Cullen R H L, 2001, The Ladbroke Grove Rail Inquiry, Part 1
- Dupuy J-P, 1997, Les Limites de la Rationalité. Volume 1: Rationalité, Éthique et Cognition, 13
- Lash S, 1996, Risk, Environment and Modernity: Towards a New Ecology
- London Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends, 1960, Christian Faith and Practice in the Experience of the Society of Friends
- Moser I, 2003, Living After Traffic Accidents: On the Ordering of Disabled Bodies
- Moser I, 2003, Digital Media Revisited: Theoretical and Conceptual Innovation in Digital Domains, 491
- Singleton V, 2005, Technoscientific Cultures: The Politics of Interventions
- Wynne B, 1996, Risk, Environment and Modernity: Towards a New Ecology, 44
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 444
From unbundling to market making: reimagining, reassembling and reinventing the public university
Lewis, N., & Shore, C. (2018) · Globalisation Societies and Education · doi:10.1080/14767724.2018.1524287 · Cited by 32
Working as a real estate agent. Bringing the clients in line with the market
Benites‐Gambirazio, E. (2020) · Journal of Cultural Economy · doi:10.1080/17530350.2019.1697954 · Cited by 36
Hsieh, J. C. (2021) · American Ethnologist · doi:10.1111/amet.13003 · Cited by 31
Manifold Conceptions of the Internal Auditing of Risk Culture in the Financial Sector
Sinha, V. K., & Arena, M. (2018) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-018-3969-0 · Cited by 31
Henry, M. (2017) · Journal of Rural Studies · doi:10.1016/j.jrurstud.2017.03.001 · Cited by 31
Kou, Y., & Gui, X. (2018) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3274362 · Cited by 31
Conceptualizing Numbers at the Science–Policy Interface
Kovacic, Z. (2018) · Science Technology & Human Values · doi:10.1177/0162243918770734 · Cited by 30
How to think with models and targets: Hepatitis C elimination as a numbering performance
Rhodes, T., & Lancaster, K. (2020) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.102694 · Cited by 30
Filth and Lucre: The Dirty Money Complex as a Taxation Regime
Peebles, G. (2012) · Anthropological Quarterly · doi:10.1353/anq.2012.0060 · Cited by 30
Unmastering Research: Positionality and Intercorporeal Vulnerability in International Studies
van Wingerden, E. (2022) · International Political Sociology · doi:10.1093/ips/olac008 · Cited by 33
Sightseeing Buses: Cruising, Timing and the Montage of Attractions
Farías, I. (2010) · Mobilities · doi:10.1080/17450101.2010.494842 · Cited by 29
Environmental governance through metrics: guest introduction
Loconto, A. M., Prudham, S., & Wolf, S. A. (2024) · Science as Culture · doi:10.1080/09505431.2024.2312703 · Cited by 28
High, M. M. (2019) · Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute · doi:10.1111/1467-9655.13013 · Cited by 31
Westerdahl, S. (2020) · Critical Perspectives on Accounting · doi:10.1016/j.cpa.2020.102161 · Cited by 28
Home Price Dynamics: a Behavioural Economy?
Smith, S. J. (2011) · Housing Theory and Society · doi:10.1080/14036096.2011.599179 · Cited by 28
Sage, D. J., Dainty, A., & Brookes, N. J. (2013) · Scandinavian Journal of Management · doi:10.1016/j.scaman.2013.01.004 · Cited by 28
Infantilized Adults or Confident Consumers? Enterprise Discourse in the UK Retail Banking Industry
Nayak, A., & Beckett, A. (2008) · Organization · doi:10.1177/1350508408088537 · Cited by 27
Speculative accountability for animal kinship
Favotto, A., McKernan, J. F., & Zou, Y. (2021) · Critical Perspectives on Accounting · doi:10.1016/j.cpa.2021.102360 · Cited by 27
On theory as a ‘deliverable’ and its relevance in ‘policy’ arenas
Chua, W. F., & Mahama, H. (2011) · Critical Perspectives on Accounting · doi:10.1016/j.cpa.2011.05.001 · Cited by 27
Past futures and technoscientific innovation: The mutual shaping of science fiction and science fact
Fleischmann, K. R., & Templeton, T. C. (2008) · Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology · doi:10.1002/meet.2008.1450450345 · Cited by 26
Emergent Bilinguals: Framing Students as Statistical Data?
Koyama, J., & Menken, K. (2013) · Bilingual Research Journal · doi:10.1080/15235882.2013.778223 · Cited by 26
Histories of Human Engineering
Derksen, M. (2017) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781107414921 · Cited by 27
Power research in adaptive water governance and beyond: a review
McIlwain, L., Holzer, J. M., Baird, J., & Baldwin, C. L. (2023) · Ecology and Society · doi:10.5751/es-14072-280222 · Cited by 25
Economic sociology as a strange other to both sociology and economics
Finch, J. H. (2007) · History of the Human Sciences · doi:10.1177/0952695107077022 · Cited by 25
Making pandemics big: On the situational performance of Covid-19 mathematical models
Rhodes, T., & Lancaster, K. (2022) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.114907 · Cited by 25
Lee, F. (2020) · Science & Technology Studies · doi:10.23987/sts.75323 · Cited by 26
Debtor publics: tracking the participatory politics of consumer credit
Deville, J. (2015) · Consumption Markets & Culture · doi:10.1080/10253866.2015.1068169 · Cited by 24
Aitken, R. (2011) · Security Dialogue · doi:10.1177/0967010611399617 · Cited by 24
Improving accountability for farm animal welfare: the performative role of a benchmark device
McLaren, J., & Appleyard, T. R. (2019) · Accounting Auditing & Accountability Journal · doi:10.1108/aaaj-06-2017-2955 · Cited by 24
Beyond performativity: Material futures of finance
Tellmann, U. A. (2020) · Economy and Society · doi:10.1080/03085147.2020.1736837 · Cited by 24
Youth and the consumption of credit
Farrugia, D., Cook, J. A., Senior, K., Threadgold, S., Coffey, J. E., Davies, K., Haro, A., & Shannon, B. (2022) · Current Sociology · doi:10.1177/00113921221114925 · Cited by 23
Wissens‐Hunger im Stall: Die Entstehung von Knochen‐Schafen als Versuchstiere in der Unfallchirurgie
Schlünder, M. (2012) · Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte · doi:10.1002/bewi.201201592 · Cited by 22
Mobile consumers and the retail industry: the resistible advent of a new marketing scene
Beauvisage, T., & Mellet, K. (2019) · Journal of Cultural Economy · doi:10.1080/17530350.2019.1611623 · Cited by 22
Futures-oriented drugs policy research: Events, trends, and speculating on what might become
Rhodes, T., & Lancaster, K. (2021) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103332 · Cited by 22
The bans on teaching CRT and other ‘divisive concepts’ in America’s public schools
Koyama, J. (2023) · Journal of Educational Administration & History · doi:10.1080/00220620.2023.2259813 · Cited by 22
McLaren, J., & Appleyard, T. R. (2021) · Critical Perspectives on Accounting · doi:10.1016/j.cpa.2021.102310 · Cited by 22
Cuckston, T. (2022) · Critical Perspectives on Accounting · doi:10.1016/j.cpa.2021.102374 · Cited by 21
Domestic Water Charges in Ireland - Issues and Challenges Conveyed through Social Media
Quinn, M., Lynn, T., Jollands, S., & Nair, B. (2016) · Water Resources Management · doi:10.1007/s11269-016-1374-y · Cited by 21
Warren, L., & Seal, W. (2018) · Accounting Organizations and Society · doi:10.1016/j.aos.2018.04.001 · Cited by 21
Åkerman, M., & Peltola, T. (2012) · Ecological Economics · doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2012.05.001 · Cited by 21
Fleischmann, K. R. (2009) · The Information Society · doi:10.1080/01972240903028359 · Cited by 25
History and philosophy of geography: life and death 2005—2007
Barnes, T. J. (2008) · Progress in Human Geography · doi:10.1177/0309132507086883 · Cited by 21
Krzywoszynska, A. (2024) · Environment and Planning E Nature and Space · doi:10.1177/25148486241246498 · Cited by 21
Digital Infrastructures and the Machinery of Topological Abstraction
Fuller, M., & Goffey, A. (2012) · Theory Culture & Society · doi:10.1177/0263276412450466 · Cited by 20
Aune, M., Godbolt, Å. L., & Sørensen, K. H. (2016) · Acta Sociologica · doi:10.1177/0001699316657397 · Cited by 20
Neyland, D., & Coopmans, C. (2013) · The Sociological Review · doi:10.1111/1467-954x.12110 · Cited by 20
The New Production of Expert Knowledge
Grek, S. (2023) · Palgrave studies in science, knowledge and policy · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-46606-9 · Cited by 19
Numbers versus Narrative: An Examination of a Controversy
Dumay, J., & Rooney, J. (2016) · Financial Accountability and Management · doi:10.1111/faam.12086 · Cited by 19
Legitimising bibliotherapy: evidence‐based discourses in healthcare
Brewster, L., Sen, B. A., & Cox, A. M. (2012) · Journal of Documentation · doi:10.1108/00220411211209186 · Cited by 19
Perlmutter revisited: Revealing the anomic mindset
Bohas, A., MORLEY, M. J., & Kinra, A. (2021) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/s41267-021-00419-0 · Cited by 18
Die Kalkulation der Gesellschaft
Vormbusch, U. (2007) · VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-531-90449-8_3 · Cited by 18
Kaljonen, M., Varjopuro, R., Giełczewski, M., & Iital, A. (2011) · Environmental Science & Policy · doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2011.10.006 · Cited by 18
‘You Only Start Filling in the Boxes’: Natural Resource Management and the Politics of Plan-Ability
Valve, H., Åkerman, M., & Kaljonen, M. (2013) · Environment and Planning A Economy and Space · doi:10.1068/a45219 · Cited by 18
Unpacking AI at work: Data work, knowledge work, and values work
van den Broek, E. (2025) · Information and Organization · doi:10.1016/j.infoandorg.2025.100584 · Cited by 17
Fırtın, C. E. (2022) · Qualitative Research in Accounting & Management · doi:10.1108/qram-03-2021-0048 · Cited by 17
Evaluative Inquiry: Engaging research evaluation analytically and strategically
de Rijcke, S., Holtrop, T., Kaltenbrunner, W., Zuijderwijk, J., Beaulieu, A., Franssen, T., van Leeuwen, T. N., Mongeon, P., Tatum, C., Valkenburg, G., et al. (2019) · doi:10.22163/fteval.2019.386 · Cited by 17
Excitable models: Projections, targets, and the making of futures without disease
Rhodes, T., & Lancaster, K. (2021) · Sociology of Health & Illness · doi:10.1111/1467-9566.13263 · Cited by 17
Tureta, C., & Alcadipani, R. (2011) · Revista de Administração Contemporânea · doi:10.1590/s1415-65552011000200004 · Cited by 17
'Saving' the city: Collective low-budget organizing and urban practice
Bialski, P., Derwanz, H., Otto, B., & Vollmer, H. (2015) · CBS Research Portal (Copenhagen Business School) · Cited by 17
Economic circuits in Madagascar: “Agencing” the circulation of goods, accounts and money
Cholez, C., & Trompette, P. (2015) · Consumption Markets & Culture · doi:10.1080/10253866.2015.1067201 · Cited by 16
Accounting in and for hybrids. Observations of the power of disentanglements
Kastberg, G., & Lagström, C. (2021) · Accounting Auditing & Accountability Journal · doi:10.1108/aaaj-12-2019-4318 · Cited by 16
‘Empty, Swept and Garnished’: the Public Finance Initiative case of Throckley Middle School
Hillier, J., & Wezemael, J. V. (2008) · Space and Polity · doi:10.1080/13562570802173224 · Cited by 16
Environmental performativity: How natures are made
Cusworth, G., & Stanley, T. (2025) · Progress in Environmental Geography · doi:10.1177/27539687251321503 · Cited by 15
‘Spatio-market practices’: conceptualising the always spatial dimensions of market making practices
Holmes, T., Fernandes, J., & Palo, T. (2021) · AMS Review · doi:10.1007/s13162-021-00203-1 · Cited by 17
Loblay, V., Freebairn, L., & Occhipinti, J. (2023) · Health Research Policy and Systems · doi:10.1186/s12961-023-01069-4 · Cited by 15
Gesellschaft im Spiegel der Zahlen – Die Rolle der Medien
Wehner, J., Passoth, J.-H., & Sutter, T. (2012) · VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-531-94332-9_3 · Cited by 15
Diffusion on the ground: Rethinking the logic of scale and access in off-grid solar in Sri Lanka
Turner, B. (2018) · Energy Research & Social Science · doi:10.1016/j.erss.2018.11.005 · Cited by 15
Cholez, C., & Trompette, P. (2020) · Journal of Material Culture · doi:10.1177/1359183519895048 · Cited by 15
Energy-related standards and UK speculative office development
Cass, N. (2017) · Building Research & Information · doi:10.1080/09613218.2017.1333351 · Cited by 15
Unsworth, R. (2023) · Journal of Educational Administration & History · doi:10.1080/00220620.2023.2258827 · Cited by 14
Materiality and risk in the age of pervasive AI sensors
Sloane, M., Moss, E., Kennedy, S., Stewart, M. P., Warden, P., Plancher, B., & Reddi, V. J. (2025) · Nature Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1038/s42256-025-01017-7 · Cited by 16
On Not Muddling Lunches and Flights
Lippert, I. (2018) · Science & Technology Studies · doi:10.23987/sts.66209 · Cited by 14
Accounting for the cost of sports-related violence
Baxter, J. A., Carlsson‐Wall, M., Chua, W. F., & Kraus, K. (2019) · Accounting Auditing & Accountability Journal · doi:10.1108/aaaj-02-2018-3364 · Cited by 14
Beyond networks: Aligning qualitative and computational science studies
Cambrosio, A., Cointet, J., & Abdo, A. H. (2020) · Quantitative Science Studies · doi:10.1162/qss_a_00055 · Cited by 17
Cluley, R. (2021) · Marketing Theory · doi:10.1177/14705931211039001 · Cited by 14
Bandola‐Gill, J., Grek, S., & Tichenor, M. (2023) · Global Social Policy · doi:10.1177/14680181221145382 · Cited by 14
Weaving the algorithm: participatory subjectivities amongst food delivery riders
Allen-Perkins, D., & Rodríguez, M. C. (2023) · Subjectivity · doi:10.1057/s41286-023-00167-6 · Cited by 14
PERFORMING CALCULATION IN THE ART MARKET
Herrero, M. (2010) · Journal of Cultural Economy · doi:10.1080/17530351003617552 · Cited by 14
The Evolution of Agency: Spectra of Bioagency and Cyberagency
Fleischmann, K. R. (2007) · The Information Society · doi:10.1080/01972240701572897 · Cited by 14
Koyama, J. (2017) · Sociological Forum · doi:10.1111/socf.12346 · Cited by 14
Schweber, L. (2017) · Energy Research & Social Science · doi:10.1016/j.erss.2017.08.005 · Cited by 14
Cyber risk management: an illusion of a risk-based approach
Slapničar, S., Axelsen, M., & Eulerich, M. (2025) · Journal of Management Control · doi:10.1007/s00187-025-00401-z · Cited by 15
Onyas, W. I. (2022) · Marketing Theory · doi:10.1177/14705931221139317 · Cited by 13
Accessing uncolonized terrains of organizations: uncanny force of sleep and dreaming
Salmela, T., Valtonen, A., & Meriläinen, S. C. (2018) · Culture and Organization · doi:10.1080/14759551.2018.1441297 · Cited by 13
Morris, J. (2018) · Geoforum · doi:10.1016/j.geoforum.2018.01.018 · Cited by 13
Performing Apparatus: Infrastructures of Valuation in Hospitality
Orlikowski, W. J., & Scott, S. (2019) · Research in the sociology of organizations · doi:10.1108/s0733-558x20190000062010 · Cited by 12
Engineering Readiness: How the TRL Figure of Merit Coordinates Technology Development
Bates, C. A., & Clausen, C. (2020) · Engineering Studies · doi:10.1080/19378629.2020.1728282 · Cited by 12
Bentia, D. C. (2021) · Journal of Rural Studies · doi:10.1016/j.jrurstud.2021.09.026 · Cited by 12
Nadaï, A., Cassen, C., & Lecocq, F. (2022) · Futures · doi:10.1016/j.futures.2022.103065 · Cited by 12
The Materiality of Method: The Case of the Mass Observation Archive
Moor, L., & Uprichard, E. (2014) · Sociological Research Online · doi:10.5153/sro.3379 · Cited by 12
How to Investigate the Temporalities of Health
Moreira, T. (2008) · Forum qualitative Sozialforschung · doi:10.17169/fqs-8.1.203 · Cited by 12
Mehr-als-menschliche Geographien. Schlüsselkonzepte, Beziehungen und Methodiken
Zirkl, F. (2022) · Franz Steiner Verlag eBooks · doi:10.25162/9783515132305 · Cited by 13
Plante, M., Maire, S., & Pucci, R. (2022) · Contemporary Accounting Research · doi:10.1111/1911-3846.12765 · Cited by 11
Hybridisation, purification, and re-hybridisation: A study of shifting registers of value
Kastberg, G., Fırtın, C. E., & Bracci, E. (2023) · The British Accounting Review · doi:10.1016/j.bar.2023.101201 · Cited by 11
La fabrique des réputations selon Google
Alloing, C. (2016) · Communication & langages · doi:10.4074/s0336150016012060 · Cited by 11
Situated valuations: Affordances of management technologies in organizations
Hauge, A. M. (2018) · Scandinavian Journal of Management · doi:10.1016/j.scaman.2018.06.001 · Cited by 14
“What Gets Measured Gets Done”: Metric Fixation and China’s Experiment in Quantified Judging
Ng, K. H., & Chan, P. C. H. (2021) · Asian Journal of Law and Society · doi:10.1017/als.2020.28 · Cited by 11
Mobile Learning and Immutable Mobiles: Using iPhones to Support Informal Learning in Craft Brewing
Wright, S., & Parchoma, G. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-01940-6_13 · Cited by 11
Governing Academics: The Historical Transformation from Discipline to Control
Welsh, J. (2016) · International Journal of Politics Culture and Society · doi:10.1007/s10767-016-9228-4 · Cited by 11
Competing and contested discourses of citizenship and civic praxis
Koyama, J. (2017) · Education Policy Analysis Archives · doi:10.14507/epaa.25.2730 · Cited by 11
Metadata
- Authors
- Callon, M., & Law, J.
- Affiliations
- Centre de sociologie de l'innovation (FR)
- Lancaster University (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Callon, Michel
- Law, John
- Venue
- Environment and Planning D: Society and Space
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2005-10
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 717-733
- ISSN
- 0263-7758 (ISSN-L)
- 1472-3433
- OpenAlex
- W2032280823
- Cited by
- 448
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 39 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 36.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Environment and Planning D Society and Space (publishedVersion)
- Open Research Online (The Open University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Critical Realism in Sociology
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Weber, Simmel, Sociological Theory
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Contemporary Sociological Theory and Practice
- Keywords
- calculation, agency, otherness, judgment, rarefaction, proliferation, agape, Quaker worship, railway accidents, attribution of responsibility, Téléthon
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review