Cited by 3,024Complex Network Analysis TechniquesAdvanced Clustering Algorithms ResearchBioinformatics and Genomic Networks

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Resolution limit in community detection

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Fortunato, Santo, Barthélemy, Marc·2007·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

DOI 10.1073/pnas.0605965104PMC PMC1765466

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Abstract

Detecting community structure is fundamental for uncovering the links between structure and function in complex networks and for practical applications in many disciplines such as biology and sociology. A popular method now widely used relies on the optimization of a quantity called modularity, which is a quality index for a partition of a network into communities. We find that modularity optimization may fail to identify modules smaller than a scale which depends on the total size of the network and on the degree of interconnectedness of the modules, even in cases where modules are unambiguously defined. This finding is confirmed through several examples, both in artificial and in real social, biological, and technological networks, where we show that modularity optimization indeed does not resolve a large number of modules. A check of the modules obtained through modularity optimization is thus necessary, and we provide here key elements for the assessment of the reliability of this community detection method.

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Authors: Fortunato, S., & Barthélemy, M.
Affiliations: Institute for Scientific Interchange (IT)
Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (FR)
Corresponding author: Barthélemy, Marc
ORCID: Fortunato, Santo
Barthélemy, Marc
Venue: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Publisher: National Academy of Sciences
Published: 2007-01-02
Volume: 104
Issue: 1
Pages: 36-41
ISSN: 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
1091-6490
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0605965104
PMC: PMC1765466
OpenAlex: W2128366083
Cited by: 3,024
References: 29
Citations by year: 2026: 93 · 2025: 134 · 2024: 126 · 2023: 112 · 2022: 150 · 2021: 154 · 2020: 186 · 2019: 209 · 2018: 241 · 2017: 195 · 2016: 198 · 2015: 195 · 2014: 215 · 2013: 193 · 2012: 165
FWCI: 40.39
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion)
arXiv (Cornell University)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Statistical and Nonlinear Physics › Complex Network Analysis Techniques
Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Advanced Clustering Algorithms Research
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
Keywords: community detection, resolution limit, modularity optimization, network partitioning, complex networks, module reliability, social networks, biological networks, technological networks
MeSH terms: Animals, Humans, Models, Theoretical, Community Networks

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Resolution limit in community detection

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