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Nitric oxide S -nitrosylates serine racemase, mediating feedback inhibition of d -serine formation
Open accessAbstract
Serine racemase (SR) generates D-serine, a coagonist with glutamate at NMDA receptors. We show that SR is physiologically S-nitrosylated leading to marked inhibition of enzyme activity. Inhibition involves interactions with the cofactor ATP reflecting juxtaposition of the ATP-binding site and cysteine-113 (C113), the site for physiological S-nitrosylation. NMDA receptor physiologically enhances SR S-nitrosylation by activating neuronal nitric-oxide synthase (nNOS). These findings support a model whereby postsynaptic stimulation of nitric-oxide (NO) formation feeds back to presynaptic cells to S-nitrosylate SR and decrease D-serine availability to postsynaptic NMDA receptors.
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“Several proteins related to glutamatergic neurotransmission contain modulatory redox sites, including glutamine synthase (Mustafa et al., 2007), serine racemase (responsible for synthesis of glycine, a NMDAR co-agonist, (Pinteaux et al., 1996)), and NMDARs (Choi et al., 2001).”
From Redox dysregulation, neuroinflammation, and NMDA receptor hypofunction: A “central hub” in schizophrenia pathophysiology? (2016) · cites this paper as Mustafa et al., 2007
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Metadata
- Authors
- Mustafa, A. K., Kumar, M., Selvakumar, B., Ho, G. P. H., Ehmsen, J. T., Barrow, R. K., Amzel, L. M., & Snyder, S. H.
- Affiliations
- *Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience and
- Departments of †Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry,
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2007-02-20
- Volume
- 104
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 2950-2955
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC1815287
- OpenAlex
- W2147808921
- Cited by
- 136
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 5.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH018501, R37MH018501, MH-18501)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA 00074, K05DA000074)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Keywords
- serine racemase, S-nitrosylation, D-serine, NMDA receptor co-agonist, product inhibition, ATP binding site, neuronal nitric oxide synthase, nitric oxide, presynaptic modulation
- MeSH terms
- Serine Racemase, Adenosine Triphosphate, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Coenzymes, Cysteine, Enzyme Activation, Humans, Models, Molecular, Models, Neurological, Molecular Sequence Data, Nitric Oxide, Serine, Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Racemases and Epimerases, Feedback, Physiological, S-Nitrosoglutathione, Mice, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I
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