The DOI matches its Crossref record; 7 of the 7 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Symbiosis as an adaptive process and source of phenotypic complexity
Open accessAbstract
Genomics has revealed that inheritance systems of separate species are often not well segregated: genes and capabilities that evolve in one lineage are often stably acquired by another lineage. Although direct gene transfer between species has occurred at some level in all major groups, it appears to be far more frequent in prokaryotes than in multicellular eukaryotes. An alternative to incorporating novel genes into a recipient genome is acquiring a stable, possibly heritable, symbiotic association and thus enjoying benefits of complementary metabolic capabilities. These kinds of symbioses have arisen frequently in animals; for example, many insect groups have diversified on the basis of symbiotic associations acquired early in their evolutionary histories. The resulting associations are highly complex, often involving specialized cell types and organs, developmental mechanisms that ensure transfer of symbionts between generations, and mechanisms for controlling symbiont proliferation and location. The genomes of long-term obligate symbionts often undergo irreversible gene loss and deterioration even as hosts evolve dependence on them. In some cases, animal genomes may have acquired genes from symbionts, mirroring the gene uptake from mitochondrial and plastid genomes. Multiple symbionts often coexist in the same host, resulting in coadaptation among several phylogenetically distant genomes.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Woese, C. R. (1987) · Microbiological Reviews · doi:10.1128/mr.51.2.221-271.1987 · Cited by 5,042
Lateral gene transfer and the nature of bacterial innovation
Ochman, H., Lawrence, J. G., & Groisman, E. A. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35012500 · Cited by 3,816
The genome of the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum
Eichinger, L., Pachebat, J. A., Glöckner, G., Rajandream, M.-A., Sucgang, R., Berriman, M., Song, J., Olsen, R., Szafranski, K., Xu, Q., et al. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature03481 · Cited by 1,351
Martin, W., Rujan, T., Richly, E., Hansen, A., Cornelsen, S., Lins, T., Leister, D., Stoebe, B., Hasegawa, M., & Penny, D. (2002) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.182432999 · Cited by 1,178
Eukaryotic evolution, changes and challenges
Embley, T. M., & Martin, W. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04546 · Cited by 867
Wu, M., Sun, L. V., Vamathevan, J., Riegler, M., Deboy, R., Brownlie, J. C., McGraw, E. A., Martin, W., Esser, C., Ahmadinejad, N., et al. (2004) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0020069 · Cited by 851
Evolutionary Origins of Genomic Repertoires in Bacteria
Lerat, E., Daubin, V., Ochman, H., & Moran, N. A. (2005) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0030130 · Cited by 338
Self-citation
Cited by
Microbiome definition re-visited: old concepts and new challenges
Berg, G., Rybakova, D., Fischer, D., Cernava, T., Vergès, M.-C. C., Charles, T., Chen, X., Cocolin, L., Eversole, K., Corral, G. H., et al. (2020) · Microbiome · doi:10.1186/s40168-020-00875-0 · Cited by 2,275
Milani, C., Duranti, S., Bottacini, F., Casey, E., Turroni, F., Mahony, J., Belzer, C., Delgado Palacio, S., Arboleya Montes, S., Mancabelli, L., et al. (2017) · Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews · doi:10.1128/mmbr.00036-17 · Cited by 1,950
The energetics of genome complexity.
Lane, N., & Martin, W. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09486 · Cited by 1,289
Host Biology in Light of the Microbiome: Ten Principles of Holobionts and Hologenomes
Bordenstein, S. R., & Theis, K. R. (2015) · PLOS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002226 · Cited by 1,240
A Symbiotic View of Life: We Have Never Been Individuals
Gilbert, S. F., Sapp, J., & Tauber, A. I. (2012) · The Quarterly Review of Biology · doi:10.1086/668166 · Cited by 1,201
Metadata
- Authors
- Moran, N. A.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2007-05-15
- Volume
- 104
- Issue
- suppl_1
- Pages
- 8627-8633
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W2166410860
- Cited by
- 500
- References
- 7
- FWCI
- 28.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Symbiosis as an adaptive process and source of phenotypic complexity. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.0611659104
- The paper
- Moran, N. A. (2007). Symbiosis as an adaptive process and source of phenotypic complexity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0611659104
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.