The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A fragment of the HMGN2 protein homes to the nuclei of tumor cells and tumor endothelial cells in vivo
Open accessAbstract
We used a screening procedure to identify protein domains from phage-displayed cDNA libraries that bind both to bone marrow endothelial progenitor cells and tumor vasculature. Screening phage for binding of progenitor cell-enriched bone marrow cells in vitro , and for homing to HL-60 human leukemia cell xenograft tumors in vivo , yielded a cDNA fragment that encodes an N-terminal fragment of human high mobility group protein 2 (HMGN2, formerly HMG-17). Upon i.v. injection, phage displaying this HMGN2 fragment homed to HL-60 and MDA-MB-435 tumors. Testing of subfragments localized the full binding activity to a 31-aa peptide (F3) in the HMGN2 sequence. Fluorescein-labeled F3 peptide bound to and was internalized by HL-60 cells and human MDA-MB-435 breast cancer cells, appearing initially in the cytoplasm and then in the nuclei of these cells. Fluorescent F3 accumulated in HL-60 and MDA-MB-435 tumors after an i.v. injection, appearing in the nuclei of tumor endothelial cells and tumor cells. Thus, F3 can carry a payload (phage, fluorescein) to a tumor and into the cell nuclei in the tumor. This peptide may be suitable for targeting cytotoxic drugs and gene therapy vectors into tumors.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Isolation of Putative Progenitor Endothelial Cells for Angiogenesis
Asahara, T., Murohara, T., Sullivan, A., Silver, M., van der Zee, R., Li, T., Witzenbichler, B., Schatteman, G., & Isner, J. M. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.275.5302.964 · Cited by 8,725
Vascular-specific growth factors and blood vessel formation
Yancopoulos, G. D., Davis, S., Gale, N. W., Rudge, J. S., Wiegand, S. J., & Holash, J. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35025215 · Cited by 3,699
Matrix metalloproteinase-9 triggers the angiogenic switch during carcinogenesis
Bergers, G., Brekken, R., McMahon, G., Vu, T. H., Itoh, T., Tamaki, K., Tanzawa, K., Thorpe, P., Itohara, S., Werb, Z., et al. (2000) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/35036374 · Cited by 2,797
Integrin αvβ3 antagonists promote tumor regression by inducing apoptosis of angiogenic blood vessels
Brooks, P. C., Montgomery, A. M. P., Rosenfeld, M., Reisfeld, R. A., Hu, T., Klier, G., & Cheresh, D. A. (1994) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(94)90007-8 · Cited by 2,262
Lyden, D., Hattori, K., Dias, S., Costa, C., Blaikie, P., Butros, L., Chadburn, A., Heissig, B., Marks, W., Witte, L., et al. (2001) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1101-1194 · Cited by 1,860
Blockade of RAGE-amphoterin signalling suppresses tumour growth and metastases
Taguchi, A., Blood, D. C., del Toro, G., Canet, A., Lee, D. C., Qu, W., Tanji, N., Lu, Y., Lalla, E., Fu, C., et al. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35012626 · Cited by 1,217
Cited by
Åkerman, M. E., Chan, W. C. W., Laakkonen, P., Bhatia, S. N., & Ruoslahti, E. (2002) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.152463399 · Cited by 1,437
Self-citationCoadministration of a Tumor-Penetrating Peptide Enhances the Efficacy of Cancer Drugs
Sugahara, K. N., Teesalu, T., Karmali, P. P., Kotamraju, V. R., Agemy, L., Greenwald, D. R., & Ruoslahti, E. (2010) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1183057 · Cited by 1,075
Self-citationC-end rule peptides mediate neuropilin-1-dependent cell, vascular, and tissue penetration
Teesalu, T., Sugahara, K. N., Kotamraju, V. R., & Ruoslahti, E. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0908201106 · Cited by 812
Self-citationA tumor-homing peptide with a targeting specificity related to lymphatic vessels
Laakkonen, P., Porkka, K., Hoffman, J. A., & Ruoslahti, E. (2002) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm720 · Cited by 498
Self-citationTumor penetrating peptides for improved drug delivery
Ruoslahti, E. (2017) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2016.03.008 · Cited by 459
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Porkka, K., Laakkonen, P., Hoffman, J. A., Bernasconi, M., & Ruoslahti, E.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2002-05-21
- Volume
- 99
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 7444-7449
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W2142536456
- Cited by
- 291
- References
- 6
- FWCI
- 4.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: A fragment of the HMGN2 protein homes to the nuclei of tumor cells and tumor endothelial cells in vivo. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.062189599
- The paper
- Porkka, K., Laakkonen, P., Hoffman, J. A., Bernasconi, M., & Ruoslahti, E. (2002). A fragment of the HMGN2 protein homes to the nuclei of tumor cells and tumor endothelial cells in vivo. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.062189599
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
