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Molecular paleontology of transposable elements in the Drosophila melanogaster genome
Open accessAbstract
We report here a superfamily of “cut and paste” DNA transposons called Transib . These transposons populate the Drosophila melanogaster and Anopheles gambiae genomes, use a transposase that is not similar to any known proteins, and are characterized by 5-bp target site duplications. We found that the fly genome, which was thought to be colonized by the P element <100 years ago, harbors ≈5 million year (Myr)-old fossils of ProtoP , an ancient ancestor of the P element. We also show that Hoppel , a previously reported transposable element (TE), is a nonautonomous derivate of ProtoP . We found that the “rolling-circle” Helitron transposons identified previously in plants and worms populate also insect genomes. Our results indicate that Helitron s were horizontally transferred into the fly or/and mosquito genomes. We have also identified a most abundant TE in the fly genome, DNAREP1 _ DM , which is an ≈10-Myr-old footprint of a Penelope -like retrotransposon. We estimated that TEs are three times more abundant than reported previously, making up ≈22% of the whole genome. The chromosomal and age distributions of TEs in D. melanogaster are very similar to those in Arabidopsis thaliana . Both genomes contain only relatively young TEs (<20 Myr old), constituting a main component of paracentromeric regions.
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“Given the predominance of 5-bp TSDs, it is striking that Transib transposons belong to the only superfamily of eukaryotic DNA transposons with 5-bp TSDs generated upon insertions into the genome [17,24].”
From RAG1 Core and V(D)J Recombination Signal Sequences Were Derived from Transib Transposons (2005) · cites this paper as [17]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Kapitonov, V. V., & Jurka, J.
- Affiliations
- Genetic Information Research Institute (US)
- University of Arizona (US)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2003-05-12
- Volume
- 100
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 6569-6574
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC164487
- OpenAlex
- W2070797653
- Cited by
- 288
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 23.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- U.S. National Library of Medicine (P41LM006252, 2 P41 LM 06252-04A1)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genomic variations and chromosomal abnormalities
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genome Rearrangement Algorithms
- Keywords
- transposable elements, DNA transposons, Drosophila melanogaster, Anopheles gambiae, P element, Helitrons, horizontal transfer, transposon distribution, transposase
- MeSH terms
- Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, DNA Transposable Elements, Drosophila melanogaster, Molecular Sequence Data, Paleontology, Phylogeny, Genome, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Evolution, Molecular
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