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Cited by 238

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Location of chloride and its possible functions in oxygen-evolving photosystem II revealed by X-ray crystallography

Open access
Kawakami, Keisuke, Umena, Yasufumi, Kamiya, Nobuo, Shen, Jian-Ren·2009·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
DOI 10.1073/pnas.0812797106
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Abstract

The chloride ion, Cl−, is an essential cofactor for oxygen evolution of photosystem II (PSII) and is closely associated with the Mn 4 Ca cluster. Its detailed location and function have not been identified, however. We substituted Cl−with a bromide ion (Br−) or an iodide ion (I−) in PSII and analyzed the crystal structures of PSII with Br−and I−substitutions. Substitution of Cl−with Br−did not inhibit oxygen evolution, whereas substitution of Cl−with I−completely inhibited oxygen evolution, indicating the efficient replacement of Cl−by I−. PSII with Br−and I−substitutions were crystallized, and their structures were analyzed. The results showed that there are 2 anion-binding sites in each PSII monomer; they are located on 2 sides of the Mn 4 Ca cluster at equal distances from the metal cluster. Anion-binding site 1 is close to the main chain of D1-Glu-333, and site 2 is close to the main chain of CP43-Glu-354; these 2 residues are coordinated directly with the Mn 4 Ca cluster. In addition, site 1 is located in the entrance of a proton exit channel. These results indicate that these 2 Cl−anions are required to maintain the coordination structure of the Mn 4 Ca cluster as well as the proposed proton channel, thereby keeping the oxygen-evolving complex fully active.

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Metadata

Authors
Kawakami, K., Umena, Y., Kamiya, N., & Shen, J.-R.
Venue
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Publisher
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Published
2009-05-26
Volume
106
Issue
21
Pages
8567-8572
ISSN
  • 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
  • 1091-6490
DOI
10.1073/pnas.0812797106
OpenAlex
W2018211671
Cited by
238
References
2
FWCI
9.96
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Location of chloride and its possible functions in oxygen-evolving photosystem II revealed by X-ray crystallography. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.0812797106
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Kawakami, K., Umena, Y., Kamiya, N., & Shen, J.-R. (2009). Location of chloride and its possible functions in oxygen-evolving photosystem II revealed by X-ray crystallography. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0812797106

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