Controls on development and diversity of Early Archean stromatolites
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The ≈3,450-million-year-old Strelley Pool Formation in Western Australia contains a reef-like assembly of laminated sedimentary accretion structures (stromatolites) that have macroscale characteristics suggestive of biological influence. However, direct microscale evidence of biology—namely, organic microbial remains or biosedimentary fabrics—has to date eluded discovery in the extensively-recrystallized rocks. Recently-identified outcrops with relatively good textural preservation record microscale evidence of primary sedimentary processes, including some that indicate probable microbial mat formation. Furthermore, we find relict fabrics and organic layers that covary with stromatolite morphology, linking morphologic diversity to changes in sedimentation, seafloor mineral precipitation, and inferred microbial mat development. Thus, the most direct and compelling signatures of life in the Strelley Pool Formation are those observed at the microscopic scale. By examining spatiotemporal changes in microscale characteristics it is possible not only to recognize the presence of probable microbial mats during stromatolite development, but also to infer aspects of the biological inputs to stromatolite morphogenesis. The persistence of an inferred biological signal through changing environmental circumstances and stromatolite types indicates that benthic microbial populations adapted to shifting environmental conditions in early oceans.
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Ancient stromatolites date back to about 3.45 Ga.
“Less controversial are ancient stromatolites, which date back to about 3.45 Ga (Walter et al., 1980; Allwood et al., 2009).”
From The Astrobiology Primer v2.0 (2016) · cites this paper as Allwood et al., 2009
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- Authors
- Allwood, A. C., Grotzinger, J. P., Knoll, A. H., Burch, I. W., Anderson, M. S., Coleman, M. L., & Kanik, I.
- Affiliations
- California Institute of Technology (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- UNSW Sydney (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Allwood, Abigail C.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2009-06-16
- Volume
- 106
- Issue
- 24
- Pages
- 9548-9555
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC2700989
- OpenAlex
- W2169297716
- Cited by
- 305
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 47 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 12.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Origins and Evolution of Life
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
- Keywords
- stromatolites, early Archean, microbial mats, biosignatures, organic layer
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biological Evolution, Marine Biology, Paleontology, Western Australia, Biodiversity
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