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Rapid, global demographic expansions after the origins of agriculture
Open accessAbstract
The invention of agriculture is widely assumed to have driven recent human population growth. However, direct genetic evidence for population growth after independent agricultural origins has been elusive. We estimated population sizes through time from a set of globally distributed whole mitochondrial genomes, after separating lineages associated with agricultural populations from those associated with hunter-gatherers. The coalescent-based analysis revealed strong evidence for distinct demographic expansions in Europe, southeastern Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa within the past 10,000 y. Estimates of the timing of population growth based on genetic data correspond neatly to dates for the initial origins of agriculture derived from archaeological evidence. Comparisons of rates of population growth through time reveal that the invention of agriculture facilitated a fivefold increase in population growth relative to more ancient expansions of hunter-gatherers.
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“The rise and dispersal of agricultural populations across Earth’s land was likely driven by increasing rates of population growth sustained by early agricultural economies (93–95), which likely enabled them to dominate Earth’s most productive landscapes, where increasingly intensive agricultural systems became established in most regions of the world, despite the periodic collapse of individual”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Gignoux, C. R., Henn, B. M., & Mountain, J. L.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Stanford University (US)
- 23andMe (United States) (US)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2011-03-28
- Volume
- 108
- Issue
- 15
- Pages
- 6044-6049
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC3076817
- OpenAlex
- W1978615674
- Cited by
- 267
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 13.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- Directorate for Biological Sciences
- University of California, San Francisco
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32GM07175, T32GM007175)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Forensic and Genetic Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic diversity and population structure
- Social Sciences › Cultural Studies › Language and cultural evolution
- Keywords
- origins of agriculture, population growth, demographic expansion, hunter-gatherers, agricultural population, mitochondrial genome, coalescent analysis, population size estimation, Neolithic, Europe, Southeast Asia, sub-Saharan Africa
- MeSH terms
- Agriculture, DNA, Mitochondrial, Humans, Population, Population Growth, History, 15th Century, History, 17th Century, History, 18th Century, History, 19th Century, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century, History, Ancient, History, Medieval
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