The DOI matches its Crossref record; 43 of the 43 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Violation of local realism with freedom of choice
Open accessAbstract
Bell’s theorem shows that local realistic theories place strong restrictions on observable correlations between different systems, giving rise to Bell’s inequality which can be violated in experiments using entangled quantum states. Bell’s theorem is based on the assumptions of realism, locality, and the freedom to choose between measurement settings. In experimental tests, “loopholes” arise which allow observed violations to still be explained by local realistic theories. Violating Bell’s inequality while simultaneously closing all such loopholes is one of the most significant still open challenges in fundamental physics today. In this paper, we present an experiment that violates Bell’s inequality while simultaneously closing the locality loophole and addressing the freedom-of-choice loophole, also closing the latter within a reasonable set of assumptions. We also explain that the locality and freedom-of-choice loopholes can be closed only within nondeterminism, i.e., in the context of stochastic local realism.
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Cites
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BackgroundMethod
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Loophole-free Bell inequality violation using electron spins separated by 1.3 kilometres
Hensen, B., Bernien, H., Dréau, A. E., Reiserer, A., Kalb, N., Blok, M. S., Ruitenberg, J., Vermeulen, R. F. L., Schouten, R. N., Abellán, C., et al. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature15759 · Cited by 2,852
Brunner, N., Cavalcanti, D., Pironio, S., Scarani, V., & Wehner, S. (2014) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.86.419 · Cited by 2,688
Gühne, O., & Tóth, G. (2009) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2009.02.004 · Cited by 2,401
Significant-Loophole-Free Test of Bell’s Theorem with Entangled Photons
Giustina, M., Versteegh, M. A. M., Wengerowsky, S., Handsteiner, J., Hochrainer, A., Phelan, K., Steinlechner, F., Kofler, J., Larsson, J.-Å., Abellán, C., et al. (2015) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.115.250401 · Cited by 1,529
Self-citationStrong Loophole-Free Test of Local Realism
Shalm, L. K., Meyer-Scott, E., Christensen, B. G., Bierhorst, P., Wayne, M. A., Stevens, M. J., Gerrits, T., Glancy, S., Hamel, D. R., Allman, M. S., et al. (2015) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.115.250402 · Cited by 1,402
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Metadata
- Authors
- Scheidl, T., Ursin, R., Kofler, J., Ramelow, S., Ma, X.-S., Herbst, T., Ratschbacher, L., Fedrizzi, A., Langford, N. K., Jennewein, T., & Zeilinger, A.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2010-11
- Volume
- 107
- Issue
- 46
- Pages
- 19708-19713
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W1998220590
- Cited by
- 329
- References
- 43
- FWCI
- 11.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- Scheidl, T., Ursin, R., Kofler, J., Ramelow, S., Ma, X.-S., Herbst, T., Ratschbacher, L., Fedrizzi, A., Langford, N. K., Jennewein, T., & Zeilinger, A. (2010). Violation of local realism with freedom of choice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1002780107
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