The DOI matches its Crossref record; 33 of the 33 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Fracture of crystalline silicon nanopillars during electrochemical lithium insertion
Open accessAbstract
From surface hardening of steels to doping of semiconductors, atom insertion in solids plays an important role in modifying chemical, physical, and electronic properties of materials for a variety of applications. High densities of atomic insertion in a solid can result in dramatic structural transformations and associated changes in mechanical behavior: This is particularly evident during electrochemical cycling of novel battery electrodes, such as alloying anodes, conversion oxides, and sulfur and oxygen cathodes. Silicon, which undergoes 400% volume expansion when alloying with lithium, is an extreme case and represents an excellent model system for study. Here, we show that fracture locations are highly anisotropic for lithiation of crystalline Si nanopillars and that fracture is strongly correlated with previously discovered anisotropic expansion. Contrary to earlier theoretical models based on diffusion-induced stresses where fracture is predicted to occur in the core of the pillars during lithiation, the observed cracks are present only in the amorphous lithiated shell. We also show that the critical fracture size is between about 240 and 360 nm and that it depends on the electrochemical reaction rate.
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Cites
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Self-citationNano- and bulk-silicon-based insertion anodes for lithium-ion secondary cells
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Self-citationColossal Reversible Volume Changes in Lithium Alloys
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Self-citationDesigning polymers for advanced battery chemistries
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Self-citationElectrode Degradation in Lithium-Ion Batteries
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Metadata
- Authors
- Lee, S. W., McDowell, M. T., Berla, L. A., Nix, W. D., & Cui, Y.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2012-02-27
- Volume
- 109
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 4080-4085
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W2162779874
- Cited by
- 432
- References
- 33
- FWCI
- 26.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- Lee, S. W., McDowell, M. T., Berla, L. A., Nix, W. D., & Cui, Y. (2012). Fracture of crystalline silicon nanopillars during electrochemical lithium insertion. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1201088109
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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